intermediate standard (Florida) · Go Syfert
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intermediate standard in Florida

14 Florida opinions name it 2 courts 1963–2018 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Florida courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (10)

CaseFollowedCited
Inquiry Concerning a Judgegreen
fla · 2002 · cited in 3 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2014–2018
2 sentences

2018"This quantum of proof is an intermediate standard, more than 'a preponderance of the evidence,' but less than 'beyond and to the exclusion of a reasonable doubt.' " In re Hawkins , 151 So.3d 1200 , 1212 (Fla. 2014) (quoting In re Holloway , 832 So.2d 716 , 726 (Fla. 2002) ).

2017“This quantum of proof is an intermediate standard, more than ⅛ preponderance of the evidence,’ but less than ‘beyond and to the exclusion of a reasonable doubt.’” In re Hawkins, 151 So.3d 1200, 1212 (Fla. 2014) (quoting In re Holloway, 832 So.2d 716, 726 (Fla. 2002)).

23
Reid v. Estate of Sondergreen
fladistctapp · 2011 · cited in 2 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2012–2013
2 sentences

2013The clear and convincing standard requires that the evidence “be of such weight that it produces in the mind of the trier of fact a firm belief or conviction, without hesitancy, as to the truth of the allegations sought to be established.” Id. (quoting Reid v. Estate of Sonder, 63 So.3d 7, 10 (Fla. 3d DCA 2011) (citations omitted)).

2012"This standard is an intermediate standard of proof between the ‘preponderance of the evidence’ standard used in most civil cases, and the ‘beyond a reasonable doubt standard’ of criminal cases, requiring the evidence ‘[to] be of such weight that it produces in the mind of the trier of fact a firm belief or conviction, without hesitancy, as to the truth of the allegations sought to be established.’ ” Reid v. Estate of Sonder, 63 So.3d 7, 10 (Fla. 3d DCA 2011) (citations omitted). .The time the governing documents were executed is the pertinent point in time.

22
State v. Grahamgreen
fladistctapp · 1970 · cited in 2 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1988–2007
2 sentences

2007See State v. Graham, 240 So.2d 486 (Fla. 2d DCA 1970).

1988See State v. Graham, 240 So.2d 486 (Fla. 2d DCA 1970).

22
Inquiry Concerning a Judge, No. 09-01 re Turnergreen
fla · 2011 · cited in 2 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018"If the findings meet this intermediate standard, then they are of persuasive force and are given great weight." In re Turner , 76 So.3d 898 , 901 (Fla. 2011) (quoting In re Graziano , 696 So.2d 744 , 753 (Fla. 1997) ).

2017“If the findings meet this' intermediate standard, then they are of persuasive force and are given great weight.” In re Turner, 76 So.3d 898, 901 (Fla. 2011) (quoting In re Graziano, 696 So.2d at 753 ).

12
Inquiry Concerning a Judge, No. 11-550 Re Judith W. HAWKINSgreen
fla · 2014 · cited in 2 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2017–2018
2 sentences

2018"This quantum of proof is an intermediate standard, more than 'a preponderance of the evidence,' but less than 'beyond and to the exclusion of a reasonable doubt.' " In re Hawkins , 151 So.3d 1200 , 1212 (Fla. 2014) (quoting In re Holloway , 832 So.2d 716 , 726 (Fla. 2002) ).

2017“This quantum of proof is an intermediate standard, more than ⅛ preponderance of the evidence,’ but less than ‘beyond and to the exclusion of a reasonable doubt.’” In re Hawkins, 151 So.3d 1200, 1212 (Fla. 2014) (quoting In re Holloway, 832 So.2d 716, 726 (Fla. 2002)).

12
Allstate Insurance Company v. Vanatergreen
fla · 1974 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Co. v. Vanater, 297 So.2d 293, 295 (Fla.1974) (defining the “three basic standards by which the sufficiency of *1183 evidence is weighed by fact-finders” as: preponderance of evidence, used in most civil actions; proof beyond and to the exclusion of a reasonable doubt, used in criminal cases; and clear, convincing, and satisfactory evidence, an intermediate standard used in certain civil actions); Interest of K.H., 444 So.2d 547, 551 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984) (Wentworth, J., concurring specially) (noting that on remand the trial court must articulate the standard for determining whether continued su

11
Interest of Khgreen
fladistctapp · 1984 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015Co. v. Vanater, 297 So.2d 293, 295 (Fla.1974) (defining the “three basic standards by which the sufficiency of *1183 evidence is weighed by fact-finders” as: preponderance of evidence, used in most civil actions; proof beyond and to the exclusion of a reasonable doubt, used in criminal cases; and clear, convincing, and satisfactory evidence, an intermediate standard used in certain civil actions); Interest of K.H., 444 So.2d 547, 551 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984) (Wentworth, J., concurring specially) (noting that on remand the trial court must articulate the standard for determining whether continued su

11
Dieguez v. Dept. of Law Enforcementgreen
fladistctapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
1 sentence

2011Justice Standards & Training Comm’n, 947 So.2d 591, 595 (Fla. 3d DCA 2007).

11
Inquiry Concerning Daveygreen
fla · 1994 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
1 sentence

2005See In re Davey, 645 So.2d 398, 404 (Fla.1994).

11
John L. Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Company, Inc., Anita W. Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Company, Inc.green
ca5 · 1980 · cited in 1 Florida opinions naming this issue, 1982–1982
1 sentence

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Florida. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (15)

CaseCitedYears
In Re Graziano green
fla · 1997
2 sentences

2018"If the findings meet this intermediate standard, then they are of persuasive force and are given great weight." In re Turner , 76 So.3d 898 , 901 (Fla. 2011) (quoting In re Graziano , 696 So.2d 744 , 753 (Fla. 1997) ).

2017“If the findings meet this' intermediate standard, then they are of persuasive force and are given great weight.” In re Turner, 76 So.3d 898, 901 (Fla. 2011) (quoting In re Graziano, 696 So.2d at 753 ).

22017–2018
Morey v. Everbank green
fladistctapp · 2012
2 sentences

2013The “clear and convincing” standard is “an intermediate standard of proof between the ‘preponderance of the evidence’ standard used in most civil cases, and the ‘beyond a reasonable doubt standard’ of criminal cases.” Morey v. Everbank, 93 So.3d 482 , 489 n. 10 (Fla. 1st DCA 2012).

2013The clear and convincing standard requires that the evidence “be of such weight that it produces in the mind of the trier of fact a firm belief or conviction, without hesitancy, as to the truth of the allegations sought to be established.” Id. (quoting Reid v. Estate of Sonder, 63 So.3d 7, 10 (Fla. 3d DCA 2011) (citations omitted)).

12013–2013
Casey v. Florida Power Corporation neutral
fladistctapp · 1963
1 sentence

1987Sub judice, the district court opted for what was characterized in Casey, 157 So.2d at 170 , as the intermediate rule: *897 Under this rule, evidence of the existence of fear and its effect on market value may be admitted into evidence as a factor or circumstance to be considered by the trier of fact in a property valuation proceeding, so long as it is shown that the fear has a reasonable basis. 485 So.2d at 1379 .

11987–1987
Florida Power & Light Co. v. Jennings neutral
fladistctapp · 1986
1 sentence

1987Sub judice, the district court opted for what was characterized in Casey, 157 So.2d at 170 , as the intermediate rule: *897 Under this rule, evidence of the existence of fear and its effect on market value may be admitted into evidence as a factor or circumstance to be considered by the trier of fact in a property valuation proceeding, so long as it is shown that the fear has a reasonable basis. 485 So.2d at 1379 .

11987–1987
Willsey v. Kansas City Power & Light Co. green
kanctapp · 1981
1 sentence

1986Eleven states and the Sixth Circuit apparently follow the "minority" rule and admit such evidence on a simple showing that fear affects market value; nine states follow the intermediate rule, "admitting evidence of the existence of fear and its effect on market value if it is shown that the fear has some reasonable basis." Id., 631 P.2d 274 -275.

11986–1986
Gay v. Williams green
akd · 1979
1 sentence

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11982–1982
Chapadeau v. Utica Observer-Dispatch, Inc. green
ny · 1975
2 sentences

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11982–1982
Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc. green
paed · 1978
1 sentence

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11982–1982
Mills v. Kingsport Times-News green
vawd · 1979
1 sentence

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11982–1982
Hantzis v. Commissioner green
scotus · 1981
1 sentence

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11982–1982
Mazur v. Pennsylvania green
scotus · 1981
1 sentence

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11982–1982
Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co. green
scotus · 1981
1 sentence

1982Moreover, in three (3) cases, federal courts have interpreted state law as having adopted Gertz : MISSISSIPPI: Brewer v. Memphis Publishing Co., 626 F.2d 1238, 1247 (5th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 452 U.S. 962 , 101 S.Ct. 3112 , 69 L.Ed.2d 973 (1981) (applying Mississippi law); PENNSYLVANIA: Mathis v. Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc., 455 F. Supp. 406 (E.D.Pa. 1978) (applying Pennsylvania law); VIRGINIA: Mills v. Kingsport Times-News, 475 F. Supp. 1005 (W.D.Va. 1979) (applying Virginia law); only one federal court has interpreted state law as having adopted Rosenbloom : ALASKA: Gay v. Williams, 486

11982–1982
Dunlap v. Loup River Public Power District green
neb · 1939
2 sentences

1963If an owner cannot sell his property at as good a figure with this line across it as he could before, then his land may be depreciated on account thereof. * * *" This view is represented by Dunlap v. Loup River Public Power Dist., 1939, 136 Neb. 11 , 284 N.W. 742 , 124 A.L.R. 400 , and various other cases.

1963If an owner cannot sell his property at as good a figure with this line across it as he could before, then his land may be depreciated on account thereof. * * *" This view is represented by Dunlap v. Loup River Public Power Dist., 1939, 136 Neb. 11 , 284 N.W. 742 , 124 A.L.R. 400 , and various other cases.

11963–1963
Kentucky Hydro-Electric Co. v. Woodard green
kyctapphigh · 1926
1 sentence

1963In the case of Kentucky Hydro Electric Co. v. Woodard, 1926, 216 Ky. 618 , 287 S.W. 985 , the lower court had instructed the jury that it could not consider depreciation in market value of adjacent land arising from apprehension of danger from existence of lines on the part of potential buyers.

11963–1963
Myers v. Korbly green
fladistctapp · 1958
1 sentence

1963I am not too sure, from the record, whether the lower court struck the testimony of the appellants' two expert witnesses because of its belief in the so-called majority rule, or because the experts were testifying primarily from their own personal feelings and not from a knowledge that a sufficient number of prospective buyers would not purchase the remainder of the appellants' property because of their fear and apprehension of power lines that were to be located on the property, and their dislike for the looks, etc., of high power lines strung so close to their property. *173 Since it is prim

11963–1963

Where else courts name it

TX 532 (1981–2026) PA 54 (1978–2025) CA 45 (1978–2026) UT 45 (1930–2025) IL 45 (1986–2024) LA 43 (1920–2020) ND 39 (1974–2018) IN 39 (1888–2026) WA 28 (1917–2026) OH 28 (1992–2021) GA 24 (1993–2026) DE 23 (1980–2026) CT 22 (1985–2025) KS 22 (1987–2024) CO 21 (1982–2003) MD 18 (1981–2022) NC 17 (1984–2025) NJ 16 (1972–2017) FL 14 (1963–2018) ID 14 (1982–1999) NY 13 (1949–2025) OK 11 (1980–2024) HI 10 (1996–2025) TN 9 (1959–2010) WI 8 (1996–2020) OR 8 (1983–2020) NM 7 (1988–2023) AZ 7 (1988–2011) ME 6 (1984–2015) DC 6 (1978–1997) IA 6 (2009–2023) SC 5 (1996–2022) MI 5 (1978–2015) MO 4 (1980–2016) KY 3 (1954–2010) WV 3 (1995–2024) VA 3 (1995–2004) MA 3 (1975–1990) VI 2 (2013–2026) MN 2 (1987–2011) SD 2 (1991–1993) MS 2 (1984–2013) MT 2 (1995–2005) NV 2 (2020–2020)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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