harmless error (Arkansas) · Go Syfert
← Arkansas issues

harmless error in Arkansas

97 Arkansas opinions name it 2 courts 1905–2026 19 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Arkansas courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (35)

CaseFollowedCited
Arizona v. Fulminantegreen
scotus · 1991 · cited in 5 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1993–2020
2 sentences

2020Arizona v. Fulminante, 499 U.S. 279, 306 (1991).

2008Under the harmless-error rule enunciated in Arizona v. Fulminante, 499 U.S. 279 (1991), and adopted by this court in Riggs v. State, supra, the remaining evidence in the instant case would be sufficient to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the admission of Appellant’s confession did not influence the jury’s verdict.

45
Watson v. Stategreen
ark · 1994 · cited in 4 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1995–2019
2 sentences

2019Watson v. State, 318 Ark. 603, 606 , 887 S.W.2d 518, 519 (1994) (citing Delaware v. Van Arsdall, 475 U.S. 673, 684 (1986)).

2019Watson v. State, 318 Ark. 603, 606 , 887 S.W.2d 518, 519 (1994) (citing Delaware v. Van Arsdall, 475 U.S. 673, 684 (1986)).

34
Chapman v. Californiared
scotus · 1967 · cited in 11 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1974–2023
2 sentences

1992Still, some constitutional rights are subject to the harmless error rule of Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 (1967).

1992The U.S. Supreme Court has shown a reluctance in recent cases to make a harmless error determination under Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 (1967), which is the case on which the majority premises its reversal.

211
Delaware v. Van Arsdallgreen
scotus · 1986 · cited in 5 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1995–2025
2 sentences

2025In Delaware v. Van Arsdall, 475 U.S. 673, 684 (1986), the Supreme Court elaborated on the harmless-error analysis: The correct inquiry is whether, assuming that the damaging potential of the cross- examination were fully realized, a reviewing court might nonetheless say that the error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt.

2019Watson v. State, 318 Ark. 603, 606 , 887 S.W.2d 518, 519 (1994) (citing Delaware v. Van Arsdall, 475 U.S. 673, 684 (1986)).

25
Winfrey v. Stategreen
ark · 1987 · cited in 4 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1995–2019
2 sentences

2019In Winfrey v. State , 293 Ark. 342 , 738 S.W.2d 391 (1987), this court refused to find harmless a circuit court's erroneous decision to prohibit a criminal defendant from using on cross-examination the victims' prior-inconsistent statements.

2019In Winfrey v. State , 293 Ark. 342 , 738 S.W.2d 391 (1987), this court refused to find harmless a circuit court's erroneous decision to prohibit a criminal defendant from using on cross-examination the victims' prior-inconsistent statements.

24
Rodriguez v. Stategreen
ark · 2008 · cited in 3 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016Rodriguez v. State, 372 Ark. 335, 339 , 276 S.W.3d 208, 212 (2008) (harmless-error doctrine).

2016Rodriguez v. State, 372 Ark. 335, 339 , 276 S.W.3d 208, 212 (2008) (harmless-error doctrine).

23
Pope v. Illinoisgreen
scotus · 1987 · cited in 3 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1992–2001
2 sentences

1993In Pope v. Illinois, 481 U.S. 497, 502 (1987), the opinion of the court states that the harmless error inquiry is appropriate only when the trial was not fundamentally unfair.

1992In Pope v. Illinois, 481 U.S. 497, 502 (1987), the opinion of the court states that the harmless error inquiry is appropriate only when the trial was not fundamentally unfair.

23
Massengale v. Stategreen
ark · 1995 · cited in 2 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
2 sentences

2024See Massengale v. State, 319 Ark. 743, 746 , 894 S.W.2d 594, 595 (1995).

2024See Massengale v. State, 319 Ark. 743, 746 , 894 S.W.2d 594, 595 (1995).

22
McKaskle v. Wigginsgreen
scotus · 1984 · cited in 2 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2014–2020
2 sentences

2020See Reams v. State, 2018 Ark. 324 , at 16, 560 S.W.3d 441, 452 (citing McKaskle v. Wiggins, 465 U.S. 168 (1984)).

2014See McKaskle v. Wiggins, 465 U.S. 168 (1984); Arroyo v. State, 2013 Ark. 244 , ___ S.W.3d ___.

22
Skipper v. South Carolinagreen
scotus · 1986 · cited in 2 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1995–2004
2 sentences

2004See Skipper v. South Carolina, 476 U.S. 1 (1986) (indicating that errors relating to mitigating circumstances are prejudicial under any standard).

2004See Skipper v. South Carolina, 476 U.S. 1 [ 106 S.Ct. 1669 , 90 L.Ed.2d 1 ] (1986) (indicating that errors relating to mitigating circumstances are prejudicial under any standard).

22
Schad v. Arizonagreen
scotus · 1991 · cited in 2 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1992–1993
2 sentences

1993Quite probably one’s right to be informed of a charge is that type of fundamental right that cannot be reviewed for harmless error since the right to notice of a charge is “so rooted in the traditions and conscience of our people as to be ranked as fundamental.” Schad v. Arizona,__ U.S._, 111 S. Ct. 2491, 2497 (1991) (quoting Speiser v. Randall, 357 U.S. 513, 524 (1958)).

1992Quite probably one’s right to be informed of a charge is that type of fundamental right that cannot be reviewed for harmless error since the right to notice of a charge is “so rooted in the traditions and conscience of our people as to be ranked as fundamental.” Schad v. Arizona, _ U.S _, 111 S.Ct. 2491, 2497 (1991) (quoting Speiser v. Randall, 357 U.S. 513, 524 (1958)).

22
Speiser v. Randallgreen
scotus · 1958 · cited in 2 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1992–1993
2 sentences

1993Quite probably one’s right to be informed of a charge is that type of fundamental right that cannot be reviewed for harmless error since the right to notice of a charge is “so rooted in the traditions and conscience of our people as to be ranked as fundamental.” Schad v. Arizona,__ U.S._, 111 S. Ct. 2491, 2497 (1991) (quoting Speiser v. Randall, 357 U.S. 513, 524 (1958)).

1992Quite probably one’s right to be informed of a charge is that type of fundamental right that cannot be reviewed for harmless error since the right to notice of a charge is “so rooted in the traditions and conscience of our people as to be ranked as fundamental.” Schad v. Arizona, _ U.S _, 111 S.Ct. 2491, 2497 (1991) (quoting Speiser v. Randall, 357 U.S. 513, 524 (1958)).

22
Sullivan v. Louisianagreen
scotus · 1993 · cited in 5 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1999–2015
2 sentences

2015See Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1 , 119 S.Ct. 1827 , 144 L.Ed.2d 35 (1999) (applying the harmless-error analysis to an instruction that omitted the materiality element of a tax offense); see also California v. Roy, 519 U.S. 2 , 117 S.Ct. 337 , 136 L.Ed.2d 266 (1996) (per curiam) (applying the harmless-error analysis |Bto an instruction that failed to instruct the jury that it could convict the defendant as an aider and abettor only if it found that the defendant had the “intent or purpose” of aiding the confederate’s crime); Sasser v. State, 338 Ark. 375 , 993 S.W.2d 901 (1999) (holding t

2015See Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1 , 119 S.Ct. 1827 , 144 L.Ed.2d 35 (1999) (applying the harmless-error analysis to an instruction that omitted the materiality element of a tax offense); see also California v. Roy, 519 U.S. 2 , 117 S.Ct. 337 , 136 L.Ed.2d 266 (1996) (per curiam) (applying the harmless-error analysis |Bto an instruction that failed to instruct the jury that it could convict the defendant as an aider and abettor only if it found that the defendant had the “intent or purpose” of aiding the confederate’s crime); Sasser v. State, 338 Ark. 375 , 993 S.W.2d 901 (1999) (holding t

15
Jermaine Lawson v. State of Arkansasgreen
ark · 2024 · cited in 4 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2026
2 sentences

2025See Lawson, 2024 Ark. 143, at 5 , 7 697 S.W.3d at 532 (“Harmless error exists when the evidence of guilt is overwhelming, and the error is slight.”).

2025See Lawson, 2024 Ark. 143, at 5 , 7 697 S.W.3d at 532 (“Harmless error exists when the evidence of guilt is overwhelming, and the error is slight.”).

14
Gatlin v. Stategreen
ark · 1995 · cited in 4 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2005–2025
2 sentences

2025Roston v. State, 362 Ark. 408 , 208 S.W.3d 759 (2005); Gatlin v. State, 320 Ark. 120 , 895 S.W.2d 526 (1995).

2025Roston v. State, 362 Ark. 408 , 208 S.W.3d 759 (2005); Gatlin v. State, 320 Ark. 120 , 895 S.W.2d 526 (1995).

14
Greene v. Stategreen
ark · 1994 · cited in 3 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1995–2004
2 sentences

1995See, Johnson v. State, 321 Ark. 117 , 900 S.W.2d 940 (1995), and Greene, 317 Ark. 350 , 878 S.W.2d 384 (stating that when mitigating circumstances are found, the statute does not authorize a harmless error review).

1995See, Johnson v. State, 321 Ark. 117 , 900 S.W.2d 940 (1995), and Greene, 317 Ark. 350 , 878 S.W.2d 384 (stating that when mitigating circumstances are found, the statute does not authorize a harmless error review).

13
Riggs v. Stategreen
ark · 1999 · cited in 2 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2000–2001
2 sentences

2001See Riggs v. State, 339 Ark. 111 , 3 S.W.3d 305 (1999) (harmless-error rule applied in the context of an involuntary confession); see also Arizona v. Fulminante, 499 U.S. 279 , 111 S.Ct. 1246 , 113 L.Ed.2d 302 (1991).

2001See Riggs v. State, 339 Ark. 111 , 3 S.W.3d 305 (1999) (harmless-error rule applied in the context of an involuntary confession); see also Arizona v. Fulminante, 499 U.S. 279 , 111 S.Ct. 1246 , 113 L.Ed.2d 302 (1991).

12
Devon Romick v. State of Arkansasgreen
ark · 2025 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
11
Ciesielki v. Stategreen
arkctapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
11
Anthony R. Beard v. State of Arkansasgreen
ark · 2020 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
11
Ferguson v. Stategreen
ark · 2005 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
11
Reams v. Stategreen
· 2018 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Alexander v. Flakegreen
ark · 1995 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Swinford v. Stategreen
arkctapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
11
Washington v. Stategreen
arkctapp · 2016 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
California v. Roygreen
scotus · 1996 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Neder v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1999 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Baker v. Stategreen
ark · 1998 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Bradley v. Stategreen
ark · 1995 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
White v. Stategreen
ark · 2012 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
Abernathy v. Stategreen
ark · 1996 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
11
Lamb v. Stategreen
ark · 2008 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
11
Criddle v. Stategreen
ark · 1999 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
11
Clay Anthony Ford v. Larry Norrisgreen
ca8 · 1995 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
11
United States v. Frank Williams, Jr.green
ca5 · 1992 · cited in 1 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
Sullivan v. Louisianagreen
scotus · 1993 · cited in 5 Arkansas opinions naming this issue, 1999–2015
2 sentences

2015See Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1 , 119 S.Ct. 1827 , 144 L.Ed.2d 35 (1999) (applying the harmless-error analysis to an instruction that omitted the materiality element of a tax offense); see also California v. Roy, 519 U.S. 2 , 117 S.Ct. 337 , 136 L.Ed.2d 266 (1996) (per curiam) (applying the harmless-error analysis |Bto an instruction that failed to instruct the jury that it could convict the defendant as an aider and abettor only if it found that the defendant had the “intent or purpose” of aiding the confederate’s crime); Sasser v. State, 338 Ark. 375 , 993 S.W.2d 901 (1999) (holding t

2015See Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1 , 119 S.Ct. 1827 , 144 L.Ed.2d 35 (1999) (applying the harmless-error analysis to an instruction that omitted the materiality element of a tax offense); see also California v. Roy, 519 U.S. 2 , 117 S.Ct. 337 , 136 L.Ed.2d 266 (1996) (per curiam) (applying the harmless-error analysis |Bto an instruction that failed to instruct the jury that it could convict the defendant as an aider and abettor only if it found that the defendant had the “intent or purpose” of aiding the confederate’s crime); Sasser v. State, 338 Ark. 375 , 993 S.W.2d 901 (1999) (holding t

15

Also cited on this issue (45)

CaseCitedYears
Johnston v. State green
ark · 2014
2 sentences

2025Similarly, in Johnston v. State, we affirmed Johnston’s rape convictions, holding that the circuit court’s decision to allow the introduction of pornographic images found on Johnston’s computer would be a harmless error in light of the overwhelming evidence of his guilt. 2014 Ark. 110, at 8 , 431 S.W.3d 895, 899 .

2025Similarly, in Johnston v. State, we affirmed Johnston’s rape convictions, holding that the circuit court’s decision to allow the introduction of pornographic images found on Johnston’s computer would be a harmless error in light of the overwhelming evidence of his guilt. 2014 Ark. 110, at 8 , 431 S.W.3d 895, 899 .

42015–2025
Green v. State green
arkctapp · 2015
2 sentences

2025Green v. State, 2015 Ark.

2024Green v. State, 2015 Ark.

42016–2025
Sparkman v. State green
arkctapp · 2005
2 sentences

2019Sparkman v. State , 91 Ark.

2015Sparkman v. State, 91 Ark.

42015–2019
Hall v. State green
ark · 1996
2 sentences

2013Id.

2013Id.

41999–2013
Jones v. State green
ark · 1999
2 sentences

2016Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 , 87 S.Ct. 824 , 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967); Jones v. State, 336 Ark. 191 , 984 S.W.2d 432 (1999).

2016Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 , 87 S.Ct. 824 , 17 L.Ed.2d 705 (1967); Jones v. State, 336 Ark. 191 , 984 S.W.2d 432 (1999).

31999–2016
Allen v. State green
ark · 1992
2 sentences

2005Although some constitutional rights are so fundamental that their violation can never be deemed harmless error, see Allen v. State, 310 Ark. 384 , 838 S.W.2d 346 (1992), others are subject to the harmless-error analysis.

2005Although some constitutional rights are so fundamental that their violation can never be deemed harmless error, see Allen v. State, 310 Ark. 384 , 838 S.W.2d 346 (1992), others are subject to the harmless-error analysis.

31999–2005
Roston v. State green
ark · 2005
2 sentences

2025Roston v. State, 362 Ark. 408 , 208 S.W.3d 759 (2005); Gatlin v. State, 320 Ark. 120 , 895 S.W.2d 526 (1995).

2025Roston v. State, 362 Ark. 408 , 208 S.W.3d 759 (2005); Gatlin v. State, 320 Ark. 120 , 895 S.W.2d 526 (1995).

22020–2025
Ryan v. State green
arkctapp · 2016
2 sentences

2020Roston v. State, 362 Ark. 408 , 208 S.W.3d 759 (2005); Ryan v. State, 2016 Ark.

2016Ryan v. State, 2016 Ark.

22016–2020
Faretta v. California green
scotus · 1975
2 sentences

2020Faretta, supra. Importantly, the denial of the right to self-representation is not subject to a harmless-error analysis because it is deemed a structural error.

2014Faretta, supra; Pierce, supra. A violation of the Sixth Amendment right to self-representation is a fundamental, structural error that is not amenable to a harmless-error analysis.

22014–2020
Berna v. State green
ark · 1984
2 sentences

2007As we have noted, “The harmless error rules adopted by this Court and Congress embody the principle that courts should exercise judgment in preference to the automatic reversal for ‘error’ and ignore errors that do not affect the essential fairness of the trial.” Id.

1988In Berna v. State, 282 Ark. 563 , 670 S.W.2d 434 (1984), we adopted the position that we would not reverse a case for errors that were not shown to be prejudicial.

21988–2007
Jones v. State green
ark · 1997
2 sentences

2004With respect to Willetts citation to Skipper, the Jones court also explained that, “[w]hile we agree that the rule in Skipper provides that the exclusion of relevant mitigating evidence from the jury’s consideration can never be harmless, we do not read Skipper to preclude the application of a harmless-error analysis to errors relating to the jury’s consideration of that evidence.” Jones, 329 Ark. at 70 .

2004With respect to Willett 's citation to Skipper , the Jones court also explained that, "[w]hile we agree that the rule in Skipper provides that the exclusion of relevant mitigating evidence from the jury's consideration can never be harmless, we do not read Skipper to preclude the application of a harmless-error analysis to errors relating to the jury's consideration of that evidence." Jones, 329 Ark. at 70 , 947 S.W.2d 339 .

21998–2004
Numan v. State green
ark · 1987
2 sentences

1987For our most recent review of the harmless error rule in cases involving violation of the federal constitutional right to remain silent, see Numan v. State, 291 Ark. 22 , 722 S.W.2d 276 (Ark.1987).

1987For our most recent review of the harmless error rule in cases involving violation of the federal constitutional right to remain silent, see Numan v. State, 291 Ark. 22 , 722 S.W.2d 276 (Ark.1987).

21987–1987
Gilbert v. California green
scotus · 1967
2 sentences

1980Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 , 87 S. Ct. 824 (1967), reh. den. 386 U.S. 987 , 87 S. Ct. 1283 ; Gilbert v. California, 388 U.S. 263 , 87 S. Ct. 1951 .

1980Chapman v. California, 386 U.S. 18 , 87 S. Ct. 824 (1967), reh. den. 386 U.S. 987 , 87 S. Ct. 1283 ; Gilbert v. California, 388 U.S. 263 , 87 S. Ct. 1951 .

21978–1980
Seymour v. United States green
scotus · 1967
21978–1980
Berger v. New York green
scotus · 1967
21978–1980
Shawna Cash v. State of Arkansas neutral
ark · 2026
12026–2026
Santiago Vasquez v. State of Arkansas green
arkctapp · 2022
12025–2025
Sir Jeffery McNeil-lewis v. State of Arkansas green
ark · 2023
12025–2025
Lewis v. State green
arkctapp · 2019
12025–2025
United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez green
scotus · 2006
12021–2021
Vann v. State green
ark · 1992
12019–2019
Rogers v. State neutral
ark · 2018
12019–2019
Rogers v. State green
ark · 2018
12019–2019
Cutsinger v. State neutral
arkctapp · 2017
12018–2018
Sasser v. State green
ark · 1999
12015–2015
Hicks v. State green
ark · 1997
12015–2015
Brown v. State green
indctapp · 2002
12015–2015
Arroyo v. State green
ark · 2013
12014–2014
Jones v. State green
arkctapp · 1990
12010–2010
Griffin v. State green
ark · 1995
12009–2009
Wainwright v. State green
ark · 1990
12004–2004
Kemp v. State green
ark · 1996
12004–2004
Bell v. State green
ark · 1988
12002–2002
Silver Dollar Mining Co. v. PVO International, Inc. green
scotus · 1978
12002–2002
Kennedy v. State green
ark · 1999
12001–2001
Isbell v. State green
ark · 1996
11999–1999
Hagen v. State green
ark · 1993
11999–1999
Martin v. State green
ark · 1997
11999–1999
State v. Bell green
ark · 1997
11999–1999
People v. Romero green
illappct · 1989
11997–1997

Statutes the citing opinions construe

AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 10 (12) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-10-101 (8) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-603 (7) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-14-103 (6) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-14-101 (5) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 16 (4) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-10-102 (4) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-401 (4) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-616 (4) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 12-12-313 (3) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 16-46-301 (3) AR § Ark. Code Ann. § 5-2-403 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 1559 (1892–2026) FL 1431 (1891–2026) TX 1327 (1912–2026) PA 804 (1930–2026) LA 746 (1931–2026) IL 690 (1891–2026) WA 558 (1931–2026) OH 462 (1968–2026) WI 393 (1964–2026) AL 387 (1909–2026) MI 380 (1912–2026) TN 369 (1959–2026) KS 308 (1969–2026) IN 290 (1872–2026) NY 274 (1889–2026) VA 273 (1897–2026) CO 259 (1891–2026) ID 253 (1915–2026) NJ 241 (1900–2026) MS 239 (1968–2026) GA 237 (1903–2026) MN 229 (1940–2026) SC 225 (1977–2026) CT 225 (1970–2026) MD 212 (1961–2026) AZ 188 (1927–2026) OR 182 (1917–2026) DC 180 (1976–2026) NC 158 (1949–2026) NE 155 (1920–2025) NM 148 (1886–2026) KY 137 (1933–2026) OK 132 (1913–2024) IA 121 (1971–2026) WV 105 (1893–2026) AR 97 (1905–2026) UT 93 (1923–2025) WY 91 (1971–2025) NV 88 (1965–2026) MA 78 (1912–2025) ND 75 (1971–2025) MO 74 (1902–2023) HI 72 (1974–2026) RI 71 (1971–2026) MT 63 (1978–2026) VT 59 (1980–2026) NH 58 (1978–2026) AK 55 (1968–2020) ME 55 (1972–2026) SD 45 (1972–2026) DE 40 (1973–2025) VI 22 (2002–2017) GU 11 (2021–2025) MP 4 (1995–1996) PR 3 (1912–2025)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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