13 Iowa opinions name it 2 courts 1922–2023 1 in the last five years
The cases below were cited by Iowa courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.
| Case | Followed | Cited |
|---|---|---|
Chariton Feed and Grain, Inc. v. Hardergreen2 sentences2023See Chariton Feed & Grain, Inc. v. Harder, 369 N.W.2d 777, 785 (Iowa 1985) (listing those elements but noting the “intent of the parties to associate as partners is ‘the crucial test’” (citation omitted)). 2018Id. | 2 | 4 |
United States v. Mendenhallgreen2 sentences2017The crucial test in determining whether a particular encounter rises to a seizure is whether “the police conduct would ‘have communicated to a reasonable person that he was not at liberty to ignore the police presence and go about his business.’” Id. at 437; see also Mendenhall, 446 U.S. at 554 (holding “a person has been ‘seized’ within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment only if, in view of all of the circumstances surrounding the incident, a reasonable person would have believed that he was not free to leave”). 2017When conducting this analysis, “[e]xamples of circumstances that might indicate a seizure, even where the person did not attempt to leave, would be the threatening presence of several officers, the display of a weapon by an officer, some physical touching of the person of the citizen, or the use of language or tone of voice indicating that compliance with the officer's request might be compelled.” Mendenhall, 446 U.S. at 554 . | 1 | 1 |
Atlantic Richfield Co. v. Stategreen2 sentences1994Atlantic Richfield, 198 Colo. at 417 , 601 P.2d at 631 (stating that the crucial inquiry under the transactional test is the frequency and regularity of the activity). 1994Atlantic Richfield, 198 Colo. at 417 , 601 P.2d at 631 (stating that the crucial inquiry under the transactional test is the frequency and regularity of the activity). | 1 | 1 |
State v. Wenzelgreen1 sentence1982See State v. Wenzel, 306 N.W.2d 769, 771 (Iowa 1981) (“We also cannot find any harm to the defendants in this case since they were allowed to withdraw their pleas.”). | 1 | 1 |
Brady v. United Statesgreen2 sentences1982See also Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742 , 90 S.Ct. 1463 , 25 L.Ed.2d 747 (1970), in which it was held that the mere fact that a defendant pleaded guilty to a lesser charge in order to avoid a possibly heavier sentence if he were to be found guilty after a trial by jury was not sufficient to establish that his guilty plea was coerced and therefore invalid. 1982See also Brady v. United States, 397 U.S. 742 , 90 S.Ct. 1463 , 25 L.Ed.2d 747 (1970), in which it was held that the mere fact that a defendant pleaded guilty to a lesser charge in order to avoid a possibly heavier sentence if he were to be found guilty after a trial by jury was not sufficient to establish that his guilty plea was coerced and therefore invalid. | 1 | 1 |
| Case | Negative | Cited |
|---|---|---|
| No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Iowa. Read the followed side critically anyway. | ||
| Case | Cited | Years |
|---|---|---|
Lutz v. Billick
green
2 sentences1985Fox, 193 Iowa at 1178 , 188 N.W. at 967 (citing Lutz v. Billick, 172 Iowa 543, 546 , 154 N.W. 884 , 885 (1915)). 1922In Lutz v. Billick, 172 Iowa 543, 546 , it is said that this is the crucial test. | 2 | 1922–1985 |
Hameed v. Brown
green
1 sentence1996The parties’ intent is “the crucial test of a partnership.” Id. | 1 | 1996–1996 |
State v. Epps
green
1 sentence1993Epps, 316 N.W.2d at 694 ; Lummus, 449 N.W.2d at 100 . | 1 | 1993–1993 |
State v. Lummus
green
1 sentence1993Epps, 316 N.W.2d at 694 ; Lummus, 449 N.W.2d at 100 . | 1 | 1993–1993 |
Florence v. Fox
green
2 sentences1985We have noted that in Iowa the intent of the parties to associate as partners is "the crucial test." Fox, 193 Iowa at 1178 , 188 N.W. at 967 . 1985We have noted that in Iowa the intent of the parties to associate as partners is "the crucial test." Fox, 193 Iowa at 1178 , 188 N.W. at 967 . | 1 | 1985–1985 |
Kowalke v. Evernham
green
2 sentences1956That equity will grant relief by a reformation, see Hyde Park Investment Co. v. Glenwood Coal Co., 170 Iowa 593 , 153 N.W. 181 ; Kowalke v. Evernham, 210 Iowa 1270 , 232 N.W. 670 ; Day v. Dyer, 171 Iowa 437 , 152 N.W. 53 ; Stelpflug v. Wolfe, 127 Iowa 192 , 102 N.W. 1130 ; Andrew v. First Tr. & Sav. 1956That equity will grant relief by a reformation, see Hyde Park Investment Co. v. Glenwood Coal Co., 170 Iowa 593 , 153 N.W. 181 ; Kowalke v. Evernham, 210 Iowa 1270 , 232 N.W. 670 ; Day v. Dyer, 171 Iowa 437 , 152 N.W. 53 ; Stelpflug v. Wolfe, 127 Iowa 192 , 102 N.W. 1130 ; Andrew v. First Tr. & Sav. | 1 | 1956–1956 |
Stelpflug v. Wolfe
neutral
2 sentences1956That equity will grant relief by a reformation, see Hyde Park Investment Co. v. Glenwood Coal Co., 170 Iowa 593 , 153 N.W. 181 ; Kowalke v. Evernham, 210 Iowa 1270 , 232 N.W. 670 ; Day v. Dyer, 171 Iowa 437 , 152 N.W. 53 ; Stelpflug v. Wolfe, 127 Iowa 192 , 102 N.W. 1130 ; Andrew v. First Tr. & Sav. 1956That equity will grant relief by a reformation, see Hyde Park Investment Co. v. Glenwood Coal Co., 170 Iowa 593 , 153 N.W. 181 ; Kowalke v. Evernham, 210 Iowa 1270 , 232 N.W. 670 ; Day v. Dyer, 171 Iowa 437 , 152 N.W. 53 ; Stelpflug v. Wolfe, 127 Iowa 192 , 102 N.W. 1130 ; Andrew v. First Tr. & Sav. | 1 | 1956–1956 |
Hyde Park Investment Co. v. Glenwood Coal Co.
neutral
1 sentence1956That equity will grant relief by a reformation, see Hyde Park Investment Co. v. Glenwood Coal Co., 170 Iowa 593 , 153 N.W. 181 ; Kowalke v. Evernham, 210 Iowa 1270 , 232 N.W. 670 ; Day v. Dyer, 171 Iowa 437 , 152 N.W. 53 ; Stelpflug v. Wolfe, 127 Iowa 192 , 102 N.W. 1130 ; Andrew v. First Tr. & Sav. | 1 | 1956–1956 |
Day v. Dyer
neutral
1 sentence1956That equity will grant relief by a reformation, see Hyde Park Investment Co. v. Glenwood Coal Co., 170 Iowa 593 , 153 N.W. 181 ; Kowalke v. Evernham, 210 Iowa 1270 , 232 N.W. 670 ; Day v. Dyer, 171 Iowa 437 , 152 N.W. 53 ; Stelpflug v. Wolfe, 127 Iowa 192 , 102 N.W. 1130 ; Andrew v. First Tr. & Sav. | 1 | 1956–1956 |
Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.