Jones motion (Texas) · Go Syfert
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Jones motion in Texas

91 Texas opinions name it 6 courts 1937–2026 15 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Texas courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (60)

CaseFollowedCited
Herndon v. First National Bank of Tuliagreen
texapp · 1991 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2022
2 sentences

2022Otherwise, Ballesteros has waived her right to question any ground not challenged.”) (citations omitted); Herndon v. First Nat’l Bank of Tulia, 802 S.W.2d 396, 400 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 1991, writ denied) (“[W]here the judgment of the trial court rests upon two or more independent grounds, the appellant must attack each ground on appeal or the judgment must be affirmed as resting upon a ground not brought forward as error.”); Monk v. Dallas Brake & Clutch Serv.

2010Otherwise, Ballesteros has waived her right to question any ground not challenged.") (citations omitted); Herndon v. First Nat'l Bank , 802 S.W.2d 396, 400 (Tex. App.--Amarillo 1991, writ denied) ("[W]here the judgment of the trial court rests upon two or more independent grounds, the appellant must attack each ground on appeal or the judgment must be affirmed as resting upon a ground not brought forward as error."); Monk v. Dallas Brake & Clutch Serv.

33
Ballesteros v. Jonesgreen
texapp · 1999 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2022
2 sentences

2022See Ballesteros v. Jones, 985 S.W.2d 485, 498-99 (Tex. App.— San Antonio 1998, pet. denied) (“Jones’s motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict rested on several independent grounds.

2010See Ballesteros v. Jones , 985 S.W.2d 485, 498-99 (Tex. App.--San Antonio 1999, pet. denied) ("Jones's motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict rested on several independent grounds.

33
In Re Bassgreen
tex · 2003 · cited in 3 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010In re Bass, 113 S.W.3d 735, 743 (Tex.2003).

2010In re Bass, 113 S.W.3d 735, 743 (Tex. 2003).

33
Wright v. Stategreen
texapp · 1998 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
2 sentences

2019There are a few very limited exceptions to this general rule, see Wright v. State, 969 S.W.2d 588, 589 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1998, no pet.), but the trial court’s May 23 order dismissing Jones’ motion for want of jurisdiction does not fall within one of those exceptions.

2019There are a few very limited exceptions to this general rule, see Wright v. State, 969 S.W.2d 588, 589 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1998, no pet.), but the trial court’s May 23 order dismissing Jones’ motion for want of jurisdiction does not fall within one of those exceptions.

22
Pena v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2009 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015See Pena v. State, 285 S.W.3d 459, 464 (Tex. Crim.

2015See Pena v. State, 285 S.W.3d 459, 464 (Tex. Crim.

22
Showbiz Multimedia, LLC v. Mountain States Mortgage Centers, Inc.green
texapp · 2009 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015See id. (noting that “an appellee need not be definitively identified until the appellant’s brief is filed”). 2 vexatious litigant, requiring her to post a bond as security, continuing abatement of the lawsuit, and prohibiting her from filing new pro se litigation without permission from a local administrative judge.

2015See id. (noting that "an appellee need not be definitively identified until the appellant's brief is filed"). vexatious litigant, requiring her to post a bond as security, continuing abatement of the lawsuit, and prohibiting her from filing new pro se litigation without permission from a local administrative judge.

22
Russell v. Stategreen
texapp · 2003 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See Palacios, 225 S.W.3d at 170 (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed against State and fourth factor weighed heavily against appellant); see also Russell v. State, 90 S.W.3d 865 , 874–75 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2002, pet. denied) (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed in appellant’s favor and presumptive prejudice was rebutted by failure to demonstrate any prejudice); Guajardo, 999 S.W.2d at 571 (same).

2010See Palacios , 225 S.W.3d at 170 (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed against State and fourth factor weighed heavily against appellant); see also Russell v. State , 90 S.W.3d 865 , 874–75 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2002, pet. denied) (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed in appellant’s favor and presumptive prejudice was rebutted by failure to demonstrate any prejudice); Guajardo , 999 S.W.2d at 571 (same).

22
Guajardo v. Stategreen
texapp · 1999 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See Palacios, 225 S.W.3d at 170 (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed against State and fourth factor weighed heavily against appellant); see also Russell v. State, 90 S.W.3d 865 , 874–75 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2002, pet. denied) (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed in appellant’s favor and presumptive prejudice was rebutted by failure to demonstrate any prejudice); Guajardo, 999 S.W.2d at 571 (same).

2010See Palacios , 225 S.W.3d at 170 (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed against State and fourth factor weighed heavily against appellant); see also Russell v. State , 90 S.W.3d 865 , 874–75 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2002, pet. denied) (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed in appellant’s favor and presumptive prejudice was rebutted by failure to demonstrate any prejudice); Guajardo , 999 S.W.2d at 571 (same).

22
Palacios v. Stategreen
texapp · 2006 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See Palacios, 225 S.W.3d at 170 (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed against State and fourth factor weighed heavily against appellant); see also Russell v. State, 90 S.W.3d 865 , 874–75 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2002, pet. denied) (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed in appellant’s favor and presumptive prejudice was rebutted by failure to demonstrate any prejudice); Guajardo, 999 S.W.2d at 571 (same).

2010See Palacios , 225 S.W.3d at 170 (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed against State and fourth factor weighed heavily against appellant); see also Russell v. State , 90 S.W.3d 865 , 874–75 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2002, pet. denied) (finding no speedy trial violation when first three factors weighed in appellant’s favor and presumptive prejudice was rebutted by failure to demonstrate any prejudice); Guajardo , 999 S.W.2d at 571 (same).

22
Geesa v. Statered
texcrimapp · 1991 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
2 sentences

2008In Geesa v. State , the court of criminal appeals determined that a defendant was entitled to "a full definitional instruction to the jury on reasonable doubt" and expressly adopted a six-paragraph instruction to be "submitted to the jury in all criminal cases, even in the absence of an objection or request by the State or the defendant." (2) 820 S.W.2d 154, 162 (Tex. Crim.

2008Before turning to Rodriguez and its bearing on the instant case, however, we will briefly address the context in which Jones’s issue arises. 3 In Geesa v. State, the court of criminal appeals determined that a defendant was entitled to “a full definitional instruction to the jury on reasonable doubt” and expressly adopted a six-paragraph instruction to be “submitted to the jury in all criminal cases, even in the absence of an objection or request by the State or the defendant.”2 820 S.W.2d 154, 162 (Tex. Crim. 2 The Geesa instruction states in its entirety: [1] All persons are presumed to be i

22
Texas Ass'n of Business v. Texas Air Control Boardgreen
tex · 1993 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2020
2 sentences

2020Here, as in Park, we conclude BGCCB met its burden to allege facts affirmatively showing that the court has subject matter jurisdiction, and that TWIA did not create a fact issue as to any “jurisdictional facts.” See id. at *7; see also Tex. Ass’n of Bus., 852 S.W.2d at 446 ; but see Jones, 512 S.W.3d at 549, 553 (stating, without analysis or reference to authority, that whether TWIA partially denied coverage for Jones’s claim is a “jurisdictional fact” and concluding that “jurisdiction does not exist because there is no denial of coverage upon which Jones may bring suit”).

2019We conclude that Park has met his burden to allege facts affirmatively showing that the court has subject matter jurisdiction, and TWIA did not create a fact issue as to any “jurisdictional facts.” Tex. Ass’n of Bus., 852 S.W.2d at 446 ; but see Jones, 512 S.W.3d at 549, 553 (stating, without analysis or reference to authority, that whether TWIA partially denied coverage for Jones’s claim is a “jurisdictional fact” and concluding that 2 If TWIA were in fact a governmental entity entitled to immunity from suit, it would also be entitled by statute to an interlocutory appeal of the trial court’s

12
Texas Windstorm Insurance Association v. Randy Jonesgreen
texapp · 2016 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2020
2 sentences

2020Here, as in Park, we conclude BGCCB met its burden to allege facts affirmatively showing that the court has subject matter jurisdiction, and that TWIA did not create a fact issue as to any “jurisdictional facts.” See id. at *7; see also Tex. Ass’n of Bus., 852 S.W.2d at 446 ; but see Jones, 512 S.W.3d at 549, 553 (stating, without analysis or reference to authority, that whether TWIA partially denied coverage for Jones’s claim is a “jurisdictional fact” and concluding that “jurisdiction does not exist because there is no denial of coverage upon which Jones may bring suit”).

2019The court held that the “Notice of Claim Acceptance” indicated that TWIA “accepted coverage in full for Jones’s claim for damage to his roof.” Id. at 551.

12
Saxton v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026Saxton v. State, 804 S.W.2d 910, 914 (Tex. Crim.

11
Texas Department of Parks & Wildlife v. Mirandagreen
tex · 2004 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026See id. at 228; City of Austin v. Powell, 704 S.W.3d 437 , 447 (Tex. 2024) (“[A] plaintiff need not anticipate and defeat every defense the government could conceivably raise” in plea to jurisdiction.); Timpte Indus., Inc. v. Gish, 286 S.W.3d 306, 310 (Tex. 2009) (“It is well settled that a trial court cannot grant a summary judgment motion on grounds not presented in the motion.”); see, e.g., Jones v. Angelo State Univ., No. 03-14-00112-CV, 2016 WL 3228412 , at *7 (Tex. App.—Austin June 10, 2016, pet. denied) (mem. op.) (“Because the University did not move for summary judgment, traditional o

11
Timpte Industries, Inc. v. Gishgreen
tex · 2009 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026See id. at 228; City of Austin v. Powell, 704 S.W.3d 437 , 447 (Tex. 2024) (“[A] plaintiff need not anticipate and defeat every defense the government could conceivably raise” in plea to jurisdiction.); Timpte Indus., Inc. v. Gish, 286 S.W.3d 306, 310 (Tex. 2009) (“It is well settled that a trial court cannot grant a summary judgment motion on grounds not presented in the motion.”); see, e.g., Jones v. Angelo State Univ., No. 03-14-00112-CV, 2016 WL 3228412 , at *7 (Tex. App.—Austin June 10, 2016, pet. denied) (mem. op.) (“Because the University did not move for summary judgment, traditional o

11
Badall v. Durgapersadgreen
texapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026See Badall v. Durgapersad, 454 S.W.3d 626, 636-37 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2014, pet. denied) (holding that plaintiff’s pleadings sufficiently pled Survival Act claim even though relevant statute was not cited).

11
Perry v. Cohengreen
tex · 2008 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025See Perry v. Cohen, 272 S.W.3d 585 , 587–88 (Tex. 2008) (“[W]e liberally construe issues presented to obtain a just, fair, and equitable adjudication of the rights of the litigants.”).

11
Huey v. Hueygreen
texapp · 2006 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025Rather, it merely contains factual allegations as well as a recitation of the axiom that a “judgment is not final unless it actually disposes of every pending claim and party.” One of these factual allegations—that MISD “is a non[]subscriber”—could conceivably be generously construed as an argument that Jones was not required to exhaust her administrative remedies before seeking judicial 4 The “[f]ailure to cite applicable authority or provide substantive analysis waives an issue on appeal.” Huey v. Huey, 200 S.W.3d 851, 854 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2006, no pet.); see also Tex. R.

11
Thomas v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 1978 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024See Thomas v. State, 571 S.W.2d 17, 18 (Tex. Crim.

11
Ragston, Joshua Dewaynegreen
texcrimapp · 2014 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023See Ragston, 424 S.W.3d at 52 .

11
Ehrke, Robert Bradleygreen
texcrimapp · 2015 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
11
Ex Parte Cumminsgreen
texapp · 2005 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023A. Article 11.072’s requirements “Article 11.072 does not require a hearing when the issues can be resolved without one.” Ex parte Arjona, 402 S.W.3d 312, 319 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 2013, no pet.); see also Ex parte Cummins, 169 S.W.3d 752, 757 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2005, no pet.).

11
Ex Parte Luciano Resendez Arjonagreen
texapp · 2013 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023A. Article 11.072’s requirements “Article 11.072 does not require a hearing when the issues can be resolved without one.” Ex parte Arjona, 402 S.W.3d 312, 319 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 2013, no pet.); see also Ex parte Cummins, 169 S.W.3d 752, 757 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2005, no pet.).

11
Mansfield State Bank v. Cohngreen
tex · 1978 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023See Mansfield State Bank v. Cohn, 573 S.W.2d 181, 185 (Tex. 1978); Light v. Vistra Energy, No. 10-18-00330-CV, 2021 WL 4777098 , at *2 (Tex. App.—Waco Oct. 13, 2021, no pet.) (mem. op.).

11
Juan Flores-Alonzo v. Stategreen
texapp · 2015 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
11
Cantu v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
11
United States v. Mariongreen
scotus · 1971 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
11
Holt Atherton Industries, Inc. v. Heinegreen
tex · 1992 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
11
Webber v. Stategreen
texapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
11
State of Texas v. Wilson, Carolyn Sue Krizangreen
texcrimapp · 2011 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
11
in Re: The Commitment of Gregory A. Jonesgreen
texapp · 2019 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Taylor v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2008 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Coleman v. Stategreen
texapp · 1997 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
West v. Robinsongreen
texapp · 2016 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
11
Cantu v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 1997 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
Matter of SDWgreen
texapp · 1991 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
Buffalo Royalty Corp. v. Enron Corp.green
texapp · 1995 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
CMH HOMES v. Perezgreen
tex · 2011 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Alejandro Castro v. Stategreen
texapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Menefield v. Stategreen
texcrimapp · 2012 · cited in 1 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (1)

CaseNegativeCited
Texas Windstorm Insurance Association v. Randy Jonesgreen
texapp · 2016 · cited in 2 Texas opinions naming this issue, 2019–2020
2 sentences

2020Here, as in Park, we conclude BGCCB met its burden to allege facts affirmatively showing that the court has subject matter jurisdiction, and that TWIA did not create a fact issue as to any “jurisdictional facts.” See id. at *7; see also Tex. Ass’n of Bus., 852 S.W.2d at 446 ; but see Jones, 512 S.W.3d at 549, 553 (stating, without analysis or reference to authority, that whether TWIA partially denied coverage for Jones’s claim is a “jurisdictional fact” and concluding that “jurisdiction does not exist because there is no denial of coverage upon which Jones may bring suit”).

2019The court held that the “Notice of Claim Acceptance” indicated that TWIA “accepted coverage in full for Jones’s claim for damage to his roof.” Id. at 551.

22

Also cited on this issue (20)

CaseCitedYears
Franke v. Jones neutral
texapp · 1943
2 sentences

2003The court commented that while the relation back doctrine might be applicable to Small and Franke, "this rule is operative only as between the parties to the transaction; it can not be applied so as to defeat the intervening rights of other persons." Id. at 798 .

2002The court commented that while the relation back doctrine might be applicable to Small and Franke, “this rule is operative only as between the parties to the transaction; it can not be applied so as to defeat the intervening rights of other persons.” Id. at 798 .

32002–2003
Ex Parte Broadway green
texcrimapp · 2009
2 sentences

2015The court reasoned that this case is governed by Ex Parte Broadway, 301 S.W.3d 694 (Tex. Crim.

2015The plea paperwork also includes another document 3 from the State memorializing its agreement to drop the enhancement in exchange for Jones's plea without an agreed recommendation Jones v. State, 01-14-00501-CR, 2015 WL 1734910 , at *2 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] Apr. 14, 2015, no. pet. h.) Further the court relies on Broadway for the proposition that “A defendant may knowingly and intelligently waive his appeal as part of a plea, even when sentencing is not agreed upon, where consideration is given by the State for that waiver.” Broadway, 301 S.W.3d at 699 .

22015–2015
Bahr v. Kohr green
texapp · 1996
2 sentences

2011"The finality of a foreign judgment is determined under the laws of the state in which it was rendered." Bahr , 928 S.W.2d at 100 ; Mindis , 132 S.W.3d at 484 .

2011“The finality of a foreign judgment is determined under the laws of the state in which it was rendered.” Bahr, 928 S.W.2d at 100 ; Mindis, 132 S.W.3d at 484 .

22011–2011
Mindis Metals, Inc. v. Oilfield Motor & Control, Inc. green
texapp · 2004
2 sentences

2011"The finality of a foreign judgment is determined under the laws of the state in which it was rendered." Bahr , 928 S.W.2d at 100 ; Mindis , 132 S.W.3d at 484 .

2011“The finality of a foreign judgment is determined under the laws of the state in which it was rendered.” Bahr, 928 S.W.2d at 100 ; Mindis, 132 S.W.3d at 484 .

22011–2011
Rich v. State green
texcrimapp · 2005
2 sentences

2007Then, we granted Jones’s motion for rehearing and issued a second opinion in light of the Court of Criminal Appeals’s decision in Rich v. State, 160 S.W.3d 575 (Tex.Crim.App.2005), again affirming the conviction, but this time under the harmless error analysis for nonconsti-tutional error.

2007Then, we granted Jones’s motion for rehearing and issued a second opinion in light of the Court of Criminal Appeals’s decision in Rich v. State , 160 S.W.3d 575 (Tex. Crim.

22007–2007
Demolli v. State green
texcrimapp · 1972
2 sentences

1976This rule was repudiated in Heredia, supra, 3 where the development of the rule was explained in this language: “Demolli v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 478 S.W.2d 554 (1972), added to the Jones requirement: not only must there be a misstatement of the law, but the speaker must profess to know the law.

1975Jones v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 462 S.W.2d 578 (1971), however, reasserted the De La Rosa on Motion for Rehearing test in no uncertain terms: even if it be shown that one or more jurors changed their votes as a result of discussion of the parole law, such discussion will not be reversible error “unless it be shown that the statement was a misstatement of the law.” Demolli v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 478 S.W.2d 554 (1972), added to the Jones requirement: not only must there be a misstatement of the law, but the speaker must profess to know the law.

21975–1976
Jones v. State green
texapp · 1996
1 sentence

2024Nevertheless, the trial court forbade the second counsel from participating “in any way” in the trial—“[h]e was not to sit at the counsel table, to pass a note to [first retained counsel], or to do anything else to assist in Jones’s defense.” Id.

12024–2024
Stiles v. Resolution Trust Corp. green
tex · 1993
12019–2019
Jones v. State green
texcrimapp · 1984
12019–2019
American Motorists Insurance Co. v. Fodge green
tex · 2002
12017–2017
Martin v. Martin, Martin & Richards, Inc. green
tex · 1999
12015–2015
Ward v. State green
texcrimapp · 1987
12015–2015
Evitts v. Lucey green
scotus · 1985
12015–2015
Johnson v. State Farm Lloyds green
texapp · 2006
12012–2012
State Bar of Tex. v. Heard green
tex · 1980
12012–2012
Brooks v. State green
texcrimapp · 2010
12010–2010
Jones v. TEX. DEPT OF PROTECT. & REG. SERV. green
texapp · 2002
12007–2007
Jones v. American Flood Research, Inc. green
texapp · 2005
12006–2006
Strickland v. Washington green
scotus · 1984
12005–2005
Rezac v. State green
texcrimapp · 1990
12003–2003

Statutes the citing opinions construe

TX § Tex. Penal Code § 12.42 (4) TX § Tex. Penal Code § 22.01 (4) TX § Tex. Ins. Code § 2210.572 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

OH 120 (1991–2026) FL 95 (1975–2026) TX 91 (1937–2026) GA 83 (1978–2026) CA 60 (1969–2026) MN 59 (1989–2026) PA 48 (1889–2025) MS 44 (1963–2026) IL 38 (1975–2025) AL 37 (1961–2024) IN 35 (1991–2025) WA 27 (1970–2024) MO 27 (1988–2024) UT 26 (1987–2025) SC 26 (1996–2025) KS 21 (1981–2026) MI 18 (1982–2026) MD 17 (1973–2021) NY 16 (1987–2025) AZ 16 (1978–2020) KY 15 (1938–2025) LA 15 (1964–2024) DC 14 (1978–2016) CO 13 (1992–2025) NC 13 (1998–2014) VA 12 (1976–2025) ID 11 (1970–2025) AR 10 (1997–2021) IA 8 (1972–2025) TN 8 (1933–2024) DE 8 (2008–2025) NE 8 (1983–2026) MA 8 (1979–2024) NJ 7 (1981–2025) NV 6 (1977–2020) SD 6 (1984–2017) OK 6 (1972–2023) CT 6 (1988–2022) MT 6 (1982–2006) AK 5 (1970–1990) WY 5 (1998–2010) WI 5 (1993–2025) NM 5 (1979–2025) ND 4 (1974–2007) WV 3 (1905–2024) RI 2 (1981–2000)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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