property violation (Illinois) · Go Syfert
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property violation in Illinois

38 Illinois opinions name it 2 courts 1899–2024 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Illinois courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (12)

CaseFollowedCited
Trans States Airlines v. Pratt & Whitney Canada, Inc.green
ill · 1997 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See Moorman Manufacturing Co., 91 Ill. 2d at 86 ; Trans States Airlines v. Pratt & Whitney Canada, Inc., 177 Ill. 2d 21, 26-27, 41-42 (1997); Gunkel v. Renovations, Inc., 822 N.E.2d 150, 156-57 (Ind. 2005) (although the economic loss rule precluded tort recovery for damage to a home facade that was purchased separately from the home itself, it did not preclude tort recovery for damage to the home and its parts caused by the allegedly negligent installation of the facade); Restatement (Third) of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 2 cmt. b, illus. 2 (Tentative Draft No. 1, 2012); 10 see also R

2017See Moorman Manufacturing Co., 91 Ill. 2d at 86 ; Trans States Airlines v. Pratt & Whitney Canada, Inc., 177 Ill. 2d 21, 26-27, 41-42 (1997); Gunkel v. Renovations, Inc., 822 N.E.2d 150, 156-57 (Ind. 2005) (although the economic loss rule precluded tort recovery for damage to a home facade that was purchased separately from the home itself, it did not preclude tort recovery for damage to the home and its parts caused by the allegedly negligent installation of the facade); Restatement (Third) of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 2 cmt. b, illus. 2 (Tentative Draft No. 1, 2012); see also Rest

22
Gunkel v. Renovations, Inc.green
ind · 2005 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See Moorman Manufacturing Co., 91 Ill. 2d at 86 ; Trans States Airlines v. Pratt & Whitney Canada, Inc., 177 Ill. 2d 21, 26-27, 41-42 (1997); Gunkel v. Renovations, Inc., 822 N.E.2d 150, 156-57 (Ind. 2005) (although the economic loss rule precluded tort recovery for damage to a home facade that was purchased separately from the home itself, it did not preclude tort recovery for damage to the home and its parts caused by the allegedly negligent installation of the facade); Restatement (Third) of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 2 cmt. b, illus. 2 (Tentative Draft No. 1, 2012); 10 see also R

2017See Moorman Manufacturing Co., 91 Ill. 2d at 86 ; Trans States Airlines v. Pratt & Whitney Canada, Inc., 177 Ill. 2d 21, 26-27, 41-42 (1997); Gunkel v. Renovations, Inc., 822 N.E.2d 150, 156-57 (Ind. 2005) (although the economic loss rule precluded tort recovery for damage to a home facade that was purchased separately from the home itself, it did not preclude tort recovery for damage to the home and its parts caused by the allegedly negligent installation of the facade); Restatement (Third) of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 2 cmt. b, illus. 2 (Tentative Draft No. 1, 2012); see also Rest

22
Moorman Manufacturing Co. v. National Tank Co.green
ill · 1982 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See Moorman Manufacturing Co., 91 Ill. 2d at 86 ; Trans States Airlines v. Pratt & Whitney Canada, Inc., 177 Ill. 2d 21, 26-27, 41-42 (1997); Gunkel v. Renovations, Inc., 822 N.E.2d 150, 156-57 (Ind. 2005) (although the economic loss rule precluded tort recovery for damage to a home facade that was purchased separately from the home itself, it did not preclude tort recovery for damage to the home and its parts caused by the allegedly negligent installation of the facade); Restatement (Third) of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 2 cmt. b, illus. 2 (Tentative Draft No. 1, 2012); 10 see also R

2017See Moorman Manufacturing Co., 91 Ill. 2d at 86 ; Trans States Airlines v. Pratt & Whitney Canada, Inc., 177 Ill. 2d 21, 26-27, 41-42 (1997); Gunkel v. Renovations, Inc., 822 N.E.2d 150, 156-57 (Ind. 2005) (although the economic loss rule precluded tort recovery for damage to a home facade that was purchased separately from the home itself, it did not preclude tort recovery for damage to the home and its parts caused by the allegedly negligent installation of the facade); Restatement (Third) of Torts: Liability for Economic Harm § 2 cmt. b, illus. 2 (Tentative Draft No. 1, 2012); see also Rest

22
Weber-Stephen Products, Inc. v. Department of Revenuegreen
illappct · 2001 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2009–2019
2 sentences

2009The UTA, which is central to this appeal, “is assessed in the same way and on the same transactions, but *** imposes a tax on the purchaser-user of the property for the privilege of using this property in Illinois, regardless of where the sale occurred.” Weber-Stephen Products, Inc., 324 Ill.

2009The use tax, which is central to this appeal, “is assessed in the same way and on the same transactions, but *** imposes a tax on the purchaser-user of the property for the privilege of using this property in Illinois.” Weber-Stephen Products, Inc., 324 Ill.

14
City of Chicago v. Old Colony Partners, L.P.green
illappct · 2006 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011City of Chicago v. Old Colony Partners, L.P., 364 Ill.App.3d 806, 812 , 301 Ill.Dec. 555 , 847 N.E.2d 565 (2006). ¶ 7 The City contends that the court erred in finding the start date to be August 15, 2007, because, at the original trial, Suvada stipulated that the property was in violation on July 9, 2007, the date the City first inspected the property.

2011City of Chicago v. Old Colony Partners, L.P., 364 Ill.App.3d 806, 812 , 301 Ill.Dec. 555 , 847 N.E.2d 565 (2006). ¶ 7 The City contends that the court erred in finding the start date to be August 15, 2007, because, at the original trial, Suvada stipulated that the property was in violation on July 9, 2007, the date the City first inspected the property.

12
Cole v. Milwaukee Area Technical College Districtgreen
ca7 · 2011 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024Here, any alleged diminution in the value of AZ’s property was caused by the independent actions of AP in conducting retail tobacco sales on the property in violation of section 4-64-345. 6 No. 1-22-1794 ¶ 22 “In a case alleging deprivation of property, ‘the threshold question is whether a protected property interest actually exists.’ ” Tranchita v. Department of Natural Resources, 2020 IL App (1st) 191251, ¶ 13 (quoting Cole v. Milwaukee Area Technical College District, 634 F.3d 901, 904 (7th Cir. 2011)).

11
John A. Reed, Gerald G. Kaluzny, and Rbk, Ltd. v. Village of Shorewoodgreen
ca7 · 1983 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024“A protected property right under the Fourth Amendment due process clause is something that ‘is securely and durably yours under state (or … federal) law, as distinct from what you hold subject to so many conditions as to make your interest meager, transitory, or uncertain.’ ” Frey Corp. v. City of Peoria, Illinois, 735 F.3d 505, 510 (7th Cir. 2013) (quoting Reed v. Village of Shorewood, 704 F.2d 943, 948 (7th Cir. 1983)). ¶ 23 In Frey, the United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois (No. 10-cv-1062; 2012 WL 12892185 ) found, and the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals affir

11
Tranchita v. Department of Natural Resourcesgreen
illappct · 2020 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024Here, any alleged diminution in the value of AZ’s property was caused by the independent actions of AP in conducting retail tobacco sales on the property in violation of section 4-64-345. 6 No. 1-22-1794 ¶ 22 “In a case alleging deprivation of property, ‘the threshold question is whether a protected property interest actually exists.’ ” Tranchita v. Department of Natural Resources, 2020 IL App (1st) 191251, ¶ 13 (quoting Cole v. Milwaukee Area Technical College District, 634 F.3d 901, 904 (7th Cir. 2011)).

11
Frey Corporation v. City of Peoria, Illinoisgreen
ca7 · 2013 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024“A protected property right under the Fourth Amendment due process clause is something that ‘is securely and durably yours under state (or … federal) law, as distinct from what you hold subject to so many conditions as to make your interest meager, transitory, or uncertain.’ ” Frey Corp. v. City of Peoria, Illinois, 735 F.3d 505, 510 (7th Cir. 2013) (quoting Reed v. Village of Shorewood, 704 F.2d 943, 948 (7th Cir. 1983)). ¶ 23 In Frey, the United States District Court for the Central District of Illinois (No. 10-cv-1062; 2012 WL 12892185 ) found, and the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals affir

11
General Motors Corp. v. Douglassgreen
illappct · 1990 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020See Douglass, 206 Ill.

11
Lawrence v. Regent Realty Group, Inc.green
ill · 2001 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011Old Colony, 364 Ill.App.3d at 817-18 , 301 Ill.Dec. 555 , 847 N.E.2d 565 (noting that other provisions in the code, such as those pertaining to injunctions, do require notice and an opportunity to cure, and that, while those provisions help to establish a working relationship between a city and building owners, penalty provisions without notice requirements serve an equally valid purpose—to motivate owners to maintain their buildings at all times); see also Lawrence v. Regent Realty Group, Inc., 197 Ill.2d 1, 10 , 257 Ill.Dec. 676 , 754 N.E.2d 334 (2001) (where the language of a provision is c

2011Old Colony, 364 Ill.App.3d at 817-18 , 301 Ill.Dec. 555 , 847 N.E.2d 565 (noting that other provisions in the code, such as those pertaining to injunctions, do require notice and an opportunity to cure, and that, while those provisions help to establish a working relationship between a city and building owners, penalty provisions without notice requirements serve an equally valid purpose—to motivate owners to maintain their buildings at all times); see also Lawrence v. Regent Realty Group, Inc., 197 Ill.2d 1, 10 , 257 Ill.Dec. 676 , 754 N.E.2d 334 (2001) (where the language of a provision is c

11
White v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co.green
illappct · 1974 · cited in 1 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1983–1983
1 sentence

1983But in no event is the plaintiff-mortgagee due to collect more than the debt secured. *** When a mortgagee forecloses and at the sale he collects the full amount of his debt, he is no longer a creditor as his debt is paid. [This] rationale *** appears to be in the mainstream of judicial thought throughout the country.” Nationwide Mutual Fire Insurance Co. v. Wilborn (1973), 291 Ala. 193, 198 , 279 So. 2d 460, 463-64 , citing 5A Appleman, Insurance Law & Practice sec. 3403, at 301-03 (1970); accord, White v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. (1974), 21 Ill.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Illinois. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (40)

CaseCitedYears
Wolfram Partnership, Ltd. v. LaSalle National Bank green
illappct · 2002
2 sentences

2018In reaching this conclusion, the circuit court largely relied on Wolfram Partnership, Ltd. v. LaSalle National Bank , 328 Ill.App.3d 207 , 262 Ill.Dec. 404 , 765 N.E.2d 1012 (2001).

2018In reaching this conclusion, the circuit court largely relied on Wolfram Partnership, Ltd. v. LaSalle National Bank , 328 Ill.App.3d 207 , 262 Ill.Dec. 404 , 765 N.E.2d 1012 (2001).

22018–2018
Nationwide Mutual Fire Insurance Co. v. Wilborn green
· 1973
2 sentences

1987But in no event is the *** mortgagee due to collect more than the debt secured. *** When a mortgagee forecloses and at the sale he collects the full amount of his debt, he is no longer a creditor, as his debt is paid.” 291 Ala. 193, 198 , 279 So. 2d 460, 463-64 . “[T]he authorities are unanimous to the effect that if subsequent to the fire the mortgagee has had its debt satisfied by purchase at foreclosure either by the mortgagee or a stranger, even by its bidding in of the outstanding debt, the mortgagee’s rights under the policy are terminated [Citations].” (Whitestone Savings and Loan Assoc

1987But in no event is the *** mortgagee due to collect more than the debt secured. *** When a mortgagee forecloses and at the sale he collects the full amount of his debt, he is no longer a creditor, as his debt is paid.” 291 Ala. 193, 198 , 279 So. 2d 460, 463-64 . “[T]he authorities are unanimous to the effect that if subsequent to the fire the mortgagee has had its debt satisfied by purchase at foreclosure either by the mortgagee or a stranger, even by its bidding in of the outstanding debt, the mortgagee’s rights under the policy are terminated [Citations].” (Whitestone Savings and Loan Assoc

21983–1987
Advincula v. United Blood Services green
ill · 1996
1 sentence

2022On the one hand, the Frazier defendants argue that section 2-105 does not contain any language specifically limiting the immunity provided therein to only those local public entities charged with the official function of conducting health and safety inspections of any properties other than their own; on the other hand, plaintiff argues that the last clause in section 2-105 limiting the immunity to a very specific type of inspection (i.e., an inspection to determine whether any property other than its own complies with or violates any enactment or contains a health or safety hazard) effectively

12022–2022
Ramirez v. City of Chicago green
illappct · 2019
1 sentence

2022In Ramirez v. City of Chicago, 2019 IL App (1st) 180841, ¶ 17 , we merely noted that the fact that a plaintiff violated an ordinance generally precluded him from being an intended and permitted user of the property but that this rule was not automatic.

12022–2022
Electronic Design & Manufacturing, Inc. v. Konopka green
illappct · 1995
1 sentence

2021Id. ¶ 58 Here, in its written order drafted by the County, the trial court “found” the property to be in violation of the various ordinances.

12021–2021
American Airlines, Inc. v. Department of Revenue green
illappct · 2009
1 sentence

2019The UTA “ ‘imposes a tax on the purchaser-user of the property for the privilege of using this property in Illinois.’ ” American Airlines, Inc., 402 Ill.

12019–2019
Benton v. Smith green
illappct · 1987
2 sentences

2012Id. at 851 . ¶ 24 We found that the class action lawsuit did not bar the plaintiff’s lawsuit for property damage under res judicata because the rent abatement issue was not related to the property damage lawsuit and the property claim could not have been litigated in the rent-abatement class action lawsuit.

2012Id. at 853 . ¶ 25 Here, unlike Benton, the section 1983 claim and the claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress arise out of the same set of operative facts.

12012–2012
CITY OF McHENRY v. Suvada green
illappct · 2009
1 sentence

2011We encourage reference to our original opinion, Suvada, 396 Ill.

12011–2011
Bank of Aspen v. Fox Cartage, Inc. green
ill · 1989
2 sentences

1996Specifically, in interpreting that portion of section 2-1402(d)(1) quoted above, the court stated the following: "It would appear, however, that the appropriate punishment for a third-party respondent in a citation proceeding who has a color of a legitimate claim to the property and disposes of the property in violation of the prohibition of the citation, and the claim later proves not to be valid, would be by way of the judgment remedy provided." Bank of Aspen v. Fox Cartage, Inc., 126 Ill. 2d 307, 320 , 533 N.E.2d 1080 (1989), citing 735 ILCS 5/2-1402(d)(1) (West 1994).

1996Specifically, in interpreting that portion of section 2-1402(d)(1) quoted above, the court stated the following: "It would appear, however, that the appropriate punishment for a third-party respondent in a citation proceeding who has a color of a legitimate claim to the property and disposes of the property in violation of the prohibition of the citation, and the claim later proves not to be valid, would be by way of the judgment remedy provided." Bank of Aspen v. Fox Cartage, Inc., 126 Ill. 2d 307, 320 , 533 N.E.2d 1080 (1989), citing 735 ILCS 5/2-1402(d)(1) (West 1994).

11996–1996
Herget National Bank of Pekin v. Kenney green
ill · 1985
2 sentences

1995The plaintiff repeatedly cites Herget National Bank v. Kenney (1985), 105 Ill. 2d 405 , 475 N.E.2d 863 , for its contention that a party may bring a property claim in the circuit court.

1995The plaintiff repeatedly cites Herget National Bank v. Kenney (1985), 105 Ill. 2d 405 , 475 N.E.2d 863 , for its contention that a party may bring a property claim in the circuit court.

11995–1995
Thorleif Larsen & Son, Inc. v. PPG Industries, Inc. green
illappct · 1988
1 sentence

1990(Thorleif Larsen & Son, Inc. v. PPG Industries, Inc. (1988), 177 Ill.

11990–1990
In Re Estate of Schwebel green
illappct · 1985
1 sentence

1989App. 3d at 785 , 479 N.E.2d at 506 .) Plaintiff’s complaint alleges that during the adjusting of plaintiff’s property damage claim, defendant promised to pay plaintiff $11,458.94, and that plaintiff and defendant entered into a property claim agreement which effected settlement of plaintiff’s property insurance claim.

11989–1989
LeMaster v. Amsted Industries, Inc. green
illappct · 1982
1 sentence

1989App. 3d at 735 , 442 N.E.2d at 1372 .) Defendant does not contend that plaintiff did not act in good faith in accepting the property claim agreement in full settlement of his claim.

11989–1989
Steinmeyer v. Schroeppel green
ill · 1907
1 sentence

1989The supreme court found “no evidence tending to prove any special circumstances excusing the blunder.” ( 226 Ill. at 13 , 80 N.E. at 565 .) Similarly, in this case, we find no evidence tending to prove any special circumstances excusing defendant’s error in preparing the property claim agreement.

11989–1989
Schafer v. Robillard green
ill · 1938
2 sentences

1988App. 3d 354, 356 , 430 N.E.2d 57 ; Schafer v. Robillard (1938), 370 Ill. 92, 100 , 17 N.E.2d 963 .) Orbie Cunningham on behalf of 3R’s Joint Venture applied to the City of Chicago zoning administrator for a permit to use the property as a bar with live entertainment.

1988App. 3d 354, 356 , 430 N.E.2d 57 ; Schafer v. Robillard (1938), 370 Ill. 92, 100 , 17 N.E.2d 963 .) Orbie Cunningham on behalf of 3R’s Joint Venture applied to the City of Chicago zoning administrator for a permit to use the property as a bar with live entertainment.

11988–1988
Metropolitan Life Insurance v. Hansen neutral
illappct · 1981
1 sentence

1988App. 3d 354, 356 , 430 N.E.2d 57 ; Schafer v. Robillard (1938), 370 Ill. 92, 100 , 17 N.E.2d 963 .) Orbie Cunningham on behalf of 3R’s Joint Venture applied to the City of Chicago zoning administrator for a permit to use the property as a bar with live entertainment.

11988–1988
Whitestone Savings & Loan Ass'n v. Allstate Insurance green
ny · 1971
2 sentences

1987But in no event is the *** mortgagee due to collect more than the debt secured. *** When a mortgagee forecloses and at the sale he collects the full amount of his debt, he is no longer a creditor, as his debt is paid.” 291 Ala. 193, 198 , 279 So. 2d 460, 463-64 . “[T]he authorities are unanimous to the effect that if subsequent to the fire the mortgagee has had its debt satisfied by purchase at foreclosure either by the mortgagee or a stranger, even by its bidding in of the outstanding debt, the mortgagee’s rights under the policy are terminated [Citations].” (Whitestone Savings and Loan Assoc

1987But in no event is the *** mortgagee due to collect more than the debt secured. *** When a mortgagee forecloses and at the sale he collects the full amount of his debt, he is no longer a creditor, as his debt is paid.” 291 Ala. 193, 198 , 279 So. 2d 460, 463-64 . “[T]he authorities are unanimous to the effect that if subsequent to the fire the mortgagee has had its debt satisfied by purchase at foreclosure either by the mortgagee or a stranger, even by its bidding in of the outstanding debt, the mortgagee’s rights under the policy are terminated [Citations].” (Whitestone Savings and Loan Assoc

11987–1987
In Re Marriage of Johnson green
illappct · 1982
1 sentence

1985App. 3d 502 , 436 N.E.2d 228 ), in the instant case we believe that, even assuming that the trial court did not err in originally relying upon the affidavits in combination with the parties’ testimony at the property hearing, due to the passage of time these affidavits may no longer accurately portray Penelope Ann’s needs.

11985–1985
In re Marriage of Smith green
ill · 1981
11982–1982
Clark Oil & Refining Corp. v. City of Evanston green
ill · 1961
11978–1978
Halstead v. Grinnan green
· 1894
11976–1976
Stavros v. Karkomi green
illappct · 1975
11976–1976
People's Drug Shop, Inc. v. Moysey green
ill · 1943
11946–1946
Svithiod Singing Club v. McKibbin green
ill · 1942
11946–1946
Mahon v. Nudelman green
ill · 1941
11946–1946
Reif v. Barrett green
ill · 1933
11946–1946
Herlihy Mid-Continent Co. v. Nudelman green
ill · 1937
11946–1946
Schechner v. Oriental Holding Co. green
njch · 1931
11945–1945
Dedman v. Williams neutral
ill · 1834
11938–1938
Mason v. Ayers neutral
ill · 1874
11938–1938
Wilton v. Tazwell green
ill · 1877
11938–1938
Winter v. Barrett green
ill · 1933
11933–1933
New York Life Insurance & Trust Co. v. Conkling neutral
nyappdiv · 1913
11927–1927
Baker v. Baker neutral
ill · 1918
11927–1927
Hale v. Hale green
ill · 1893
11921–1921
Funk v. Staats neutral
ill · 1860
11920–1920
Davis v. City of Litchfield green
ill · 1893
11913–1913
Lightner v. City of Peoria green
· 1894
11913–1913
Lagger v. Mutual Union Loan & Building Ass'n neutral
· 1893
11903–1903
Brokaw v. Ogle green
ill · 1897
11899–1899

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IL § 35 ILCS 105/1 (4) IL § 35 ILCS 105/3 (4) IL § 35 ILCS 105/19 (3) IL § 35 ILCS 105/2 (3) IL § 35 ILCS 105/21 (3) IL § 35 ILCS 120/1 (3) IL § 35 ILCS 120/2 (3) IL § 35 ILCS 120/4 (3) IL § 35 ILCS 120/6 (3) IL § 35 ILCS 120/6b (3) IL § 735 ILCS 5/2-619 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

PA 228 (1896–2026) CA 125 (1881–2026) TX 124 (1902–2026) NY 79 (1826–2026) WA 58 (1918–2026) IL 38 (1899–2024) AL 25 (1849–2026) TN 24 (1939–2024) CT 24 (1920–2022) NJ 24 (1934–2019) OH 21 (1922–2026) GA 20 (1899–2026) IN 19 (1894–2024) FL 19 (1921–2026) ME 19 (1974–2023) LA 18 (1943–2016) MA 18 (1919–2026) MO 18 (1867–2020) OR 18 (1920–2020) OK 17 (1912–1999) IA 16 (1905–2021) MI 15 (1952–2022) CO 15 (1895–2024) AZ 14 (1923–2024) MD 13 (1907–2016) NC 13 (1901–2016) MS 11 (1903–2017) VA 10 (1960–2018) WI 10 (1899–2008) AR 10 (1904–2006) UT 10 (1900–2024) NE 9 (1878–2022) SD 9 (1954–2025) NM 9 (1946–2019) MT 9 (1901–2018) KY 8 (1912–2026) NH 7 (1878–2022) KS 7 (1927–2014) ID 6 (1913–1984) SC 6 (1911–2023) AK 6 (1987–2022) ND 6 (1913–2018) VT 5 (2003–2023) WV 5 (1888–2004) RI 5 (1998–2026) MN 4 (1885–2004) WY 4 (1981–2004) DE 4 (1970–2024) DC 3 (1960–2001) HI 3 (1998–2021) PR 2 (1911–1953) NV 2 (2014–2026)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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