like rule (Missouri) · Go Syfert
← Missouri issues

like rule in Missouri

80 Missouri opinions name it 2 courts 1856–2018 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Missouri courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (8)

CaseFollowedCited
State Ex Rel. North v. Kirtleygreen
mo · 1959 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1968–1968
2 sentences

1968Lee v. Cavanaugh, Mo.App., 419 S.W.2d 929 ; Ex parte Meyer, Mo.App., 18 S.W.2d 560 ] ; and, although until recently the like privilege against self-incrimination guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution did not afford protection against state action [Adamson v. People of State of California, 332 U.S. 46 , 67 S.Ct. 1672 , 91 L.Ed. 1903 , 171 A.L.R. 1223 ; Kirtley, supra, 327 S.W. 2d at 168 (3)], it is now clear that such privilege may be invoked by one under examination in a state court.

1968Lee v. Cavanaugh, Mo.App., 419 S.W.2d 929 ; Ex parte Meyer, Mo.App., 18 S.W.2d 560 ] ; and, although until recently the like privilege against self-incrimination guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution did not afford protection against state action [Adamson v. People of State of California, 332 U.S. 46 , 67 S.Ct. 1672 , 91 L.Ed. 1903 , 171 A.L.R. 1223 ; Kirtley, supra, 327 S.W. 2d at 168 (3)], it is now clear that such privilege may be invoked by one under examination in a state court.

11
State Ex Rel. Lee v. Cavanaughgreen
moctapp · 1967 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1968–1968
2 sentences

1968Lee v. Cavanaugh, Mo.App., 419 S.W.2d 929 ; Ex parte Meyer, Mo.App., 18 S.W.2d 560 ] ; and, although until recently the like privilege against self-incrimination guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution did not afford protection against state action [Adamson v. People of State of California, 332 U.S. 46 , 67 S.Ct. 1672 , 91 L.Ed. 1903 , 171 A.L.R. 1223 ; Kirtley, supra, 327 S.W. 2d at 168 (3)], it is now clear that such privilege may be invoked by one under examination in a state court.

1968Malloy v. *236 Hogan, 378 U.S. 1 , 84 S.Ct. 1489 , 12 L.Ed. 2d 653 (1964); Cavanaugh, supra, 419 S.W.2d at 932 (1).

11
State v. Garrettgreen
mo · 1965 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1966–1966
2 sentences

1966In State v. Garrett, Mo., 391 S.W.2d 235, 240-242 [3], decided after the instant case was tried, this court held that the trial court properly refused to give a like instruction requested by the defendant; that “Such an instruction has no legitimate bearing on any fact issue which the jury must decide; * * * [and] would divert the jury from the real merits of the insanity issue by the introduction of this extraneous consideration [of the result of an acquittal by reason of insanity].” Note the observation at l.c. 242 as to the type of controversies the court said may arise (and did arise in th

1966M.S. [4] In State v. Garrett, Mo., 391 S.W.2d 235, 240-242 [3], decided after the instant case was tried, this court held that the trial court properly refused to give a like instruction requested by the defendant; that "Such an instruction has no legitimate bearing on any fact issue which the jury must decide; * * * [and] would divert the jury from the real merits of the insanity issue by the introduction of this extraneous consideration [of the result of an acquittal by reason of insanity]." Note the observation at l.c. 242 as to the type of controversies the court said may arise (and did ar

11
West v. St. Louis Public Service Co.green
mo · 1951 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1964–1964
2 sentences

1964Louis Public Service Co., 361 Mo. 740 , 236 S.W.2d 308, 310 [1], where a similar contention was made, and the court said that a like instruction as here must be read together with the damage instruction (as here), and “When they are, we do not believe that a jury of ordinarily intelligent laymen, who should be credited with common sense and reasonable discernment, would understand ‘amount of damages’ to mean ‘nature, character or extent of injuries.’ ” The instruction does not remove from the consideration of the jury the facts and circumstances submitted in plaintiff’s verdict directing Instr

1964Louis Public Service Co., 361 Mo. 740 , 236 S.W.2d 308, 310 [1], where a similar contention was made, and the court said that a like instruction as here must be read together with the damage instruction (as here), and “When they are, we do not believe that a jury of ordinarily intelligent laymen, who should be credited with common sense and reasonable discernment, would understand ‘amount of damages’ to mean ‘nature, character or extent of injuries.’ ” The instruction does not remove from the consideration of the jury the facts and circumstances submitted in plaintiff’s verdict directing Instr

11
State v. Hurleygreen
mo · 1912 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1962–1962
2 sentences

1962Consult also State v. Miller, 263 Mo. 326 , 172 S.W. 385, 388 [7]; State v. McKinney, 254 Mo. 688 , 163 S.W. 822 [2, 3]; State v. Hurley, 242 Mo. 452 , 146 S.W. 1154, 1156 [3, 4], The State contends this issue is not available to defendant because the court, at defendant’s request, gave instruction No. 6, which also had the claimed error in it.

1962Consult also State v. Miller, 263 Mo. 326 , 172 S.W. 385, 388 [7]; State v. McKinney, 254 Mo. 688 , 163 S.W. 822 [2, 3]; State v. Hurley, 242 Mo. 452 , 146 S.W. 1154, 1156 [3, 4], The State contends this issue is not available to defendant because the court, at defendant’s request, gave instruction No. 6, which also had the claimed error in it.

11
State v. Millergreen
· 1915 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1962–1962
2 sentences

1962Consult also State v. Miller, 263 Mo. 326 , 172 S.W. 385, 388 [7]; State v. McKinney, 254 Mo. 688 , 163 S.W. 822 [2, 3]; State v. Hurley, 242 Mo. 452 , 146 S.W. 1154, 1156 [3, 4], The State contends this issue is not available to defendant because the court, at defendant’s request, gave instruction No. 6, which also had the claimed error in it.

1962Consult also State v. Miller, 263 Mo. 326 , 172 S.W. 385, 388 [7]; State v. McKinney, 254 Mo. 688 , 163 S.W. 822 [2, 3]; State v. Hurley, 242 Mo. 452 , 146 S.W. 1154, 1156 [3, 4], The State contends this issue is not available to defendant because the court, at defendant’s request, gave instruction No. 6, which also had the claimed error in it.

11
State v. Chittimgreen
mo · 1953 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1962–1962
1 sentence

1962We held (citing authority) a like instruction in a similar situation prejudicially erroneous in State v. Chittim, Mo., 261 S.W.2d 79, 80 [1], stating: “This instruction nullified appellant’s alibi defense which was supported by substantial evidence.” The record in the case at bar calls for a like holding.

11
McGraw v. Montgomerygreen
moctapp · 1944 · cited in 1 Missouri opinions naming this issue, 1948–1948
1 sentence

1948See also the case of McGraw v. Montgomery et al., Mo. App., 185 S.W.2d 309 , wherein an attack was made on a like instruction (No. 4 in that case) which defendants-appellants in the case contended imposed an unauthorized burden on defendants.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Missouri. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (72)

CaseCitedYears
Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital v. Mercury Construction Corp. green
scotus · 1983
2 sentences

1995Cone Memorial Hospital v. Mercury Construction Corporation, 460 U.S. 1 , 103 S.Ct. 927 , 74 L.Ed.2d 765 (1983) [S.Ct. 12, 13], the court stated: The Arbitration Act establishes that, as a matter of federal law, any doubts concerning the scope of arbitrable issues should be resolved in favor of arbitration, whether the problem at hand is the construction of the contract language itself or an allegation of waiver, delay, or a like defense to arbitrability.

1995Cone Memorial Hospital v. Mercury Construction Corporation, 460 U.S. 1 , 103 S.Ct. 927 , 74 L.Ed.2d 765 (1983) [S.Ct. 12, 13], the court stated: The Arbitration Act establishes that, as a matter of federal law, any doubts concerning the scope of arbitrable issues should be resolved in favor of arbitration, whether the problem at hand is the construction of the contract language itself or an allegation of waiver, delay, or a like defense to arbitrability.

41993–2017
State v. McMullin green
mo · 1902
2 sentences

1935It correctly declares the law, and is in the language employed in a like instruction approved by this court in State v. McMullin, 170 Mo. l. c. 625, 71 S. W. 221 .

1935The instruction is not set out in the opinion but the court says it "is in the language employed in a like instruction approved by this court in State v. McMullin, 170 Mo. l.c. 625, 71 S.W. 221 ." The instruction in the McMullin case required the jury to find, among other facts, before treating the declaration there in question as a dying declaration, that at the time of making the declaration the declarant "had given up all hopes of life and then believed that death was impending and near." The court said in the Peak case that the instruction was not "obnoxious to the criticism that the admis

21935–1935
Howsam v. Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc. green
scotus · 2002
2 sentences

2018The trial court found, in fact, that the delegation clause argument was Ford Motor Credit's "strongest responsive argument." Jones next argues that determining whether Ford Motor Credit waived arbitration by pursuing litigation is not encompassed by the delegation provision and was properly determined by the trial court. "[T]he presumption is that the arbitrator should decide allegation[s] of waiver, delay, or a like defense to arbitrability." Howsam v. Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc. , 537 U.S. 79 , 84, 123 S.Ct. 588 , 592, 154 L.Ed. 2d 491 (2002) (internal quotation omitted).

2018The trial court found, in fact, that the delegation clause argument was Ford Motor Credit's "strongest responsive argument." Jones next argues that determining whether Ford Motor Credit waived arbitration by pursuing litigation is not encompassed by the delegation provision and was properly determined by the trial court. "[T]he presumption is that the arbitrator should decide allegation[s] of waiver, delay, or a like defense to arbitrability." Howsam v. Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc. , 537 U.S. 79 , 84, 123 S.Ct. 588 , 592, 154 L.Ed. 2d 491 (2002) (internal quotation omitted).

12018–2018
Kathy Lyster v. Ryan's Family Steak Houses, Inc. green
ca8 · 2001
1 sentence

2002Moreover, the Federal Arbitration Act “establishes that ‘as a matter of federal law, any doubts concerning the scope of arbitrable issues should be resolved in favor of arbitration, whether the problem at hand is the construction of the contract language itself or an allegation of waiver, delay, or a like defense to arbitrability.’” Lyster, 239 F.3d at 945 ; Moses H.

12002–2002
Mathias v. O'Neill green
mo · 1887
1 sentence

1990The like presumption is also drawn from the usual course of men’s private offices and business, where the primary evidence of the fact is wanting.’ 1 Greenl.Ev. § 40.” Mathias v. O’Neill, 94 Mo. 520, 526 , 6 S.W. 253 , 255 (1887).

11990–1990
Cowan v. McElroy neutral
moctapp · 1977
1 sentence

1979Such instruction duplicates a like instruction quoted in full and condemned by this court in Cowan v. McEIroy, 549 S.W.2d 543 (Mo.App.1977).

11979–1979
Chimel v. California red
scotus · 1969
1 sentence

1978There is ample justification, therefore, for a search of the arrestee’s person and the area ‘within his immediate control’ — construing that phrase to mean the area from within which he might gain possession of a weapon or destructible evidence.” 89 S.Ct. at 2040 .

11978–1978
Garrison v. Louisiana green
scotus · 1964
1 sentence

1977Hence the knowingly false statement and the false statement made with reckless disregard of the truth, do not enjoy constitutional protection.” The Supreme Court took the further opportunity to disavow any desire to base New York Times Co. upon a negligence standard, id. at 79, 85 S.Ct. 209 .

11977–1977
Adamson v. California green
scotus · 1947
2 sentences

1968Lee v. Cavanaugh, Mo.App., 419 S.W.2d 929 ; Ex parte Meyer, Mo.App., 18 S.W.2d 560 ] ; and, although until recently the like privilege against self-incrimination guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution did not afford protection against state action [Adamson v. People of State of California, 332 U.S. 46 , 67 S.Ct. 1672 , 91 L.Ed. 1903 , 171 A.L.R. 1223 ; Kirtley, supra, 327 S.W. 2d at 168 (3)], it is now clear that such privilege may be invoked by one under examination in a state court.

1968Lee v. Cavanaugh, Mo.App., 419 S.W.2d 929 ; Ex parte Meyer, Mo.App., 18 S.W.2d 560 ] ; and, although until recently the like privilege against self-incrimination guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution did not afford protection against state action [Adamson v. People of State of California, 332 U.S. 46 , 67 S.Ct. 1672 , 91 L.Ed. 1903 , 171 A.L.R. 1223 ; Kirtley, supra, 327 S.W. 2d at 168 (3)], it is now clear that such privilege may be invoked by one under examination in a state court.

11968–1968
Malloy v. Hogan green
scotus · 1964
2 sentences

1968Malloy v. *236 Hogan, 378 U.S. 1 , 84 S.Ct. 1489 , 12 L.Ed. 2d 653 (1964); Cavanaugh, supra, 419 S.W.2d at 932 (1).

1968Malloy v. *236 Hogan, 378 U.S. 1 , 84 S.Ct. 1489 , 12 L.Ed. 2d 653 (1964); Cavanaugh, supra, 419 S.W.2d at 932 (1).

11968–1968
State v. McKinney neutral
mo · 1914
2 sentences

1962Consult also State v. Miller, 263 Mo. 326 , 172 S.W. 385, 388 [7]; State v. McKinney, 254 Mo. 688 , 163 S.W. 822 [2, 3]; State v. Hurley, 242 Mo. 452 , 146 S.W. 1154, 1156 [3, 4], The State contends this issue is not available to defendant because the court, at defendant’s request, gave instruction No. 6, which also had the claimed error in it.

1962Consult also State v. Miller, 263 Mo. 326 , 172 S.W. 385, 388 [7]; State v. McKinney, 254 Mo. 688 , 163 S.W. 822 [2, 3]; State v. Hurley, 242 Mo. 452 , 146 S.W. 1154, 1156 [3, 4], The State contends this issue is not available to defendant because the court, at defendant’s request, gave instruction No. 6, which also had the claimed error in it.

11962–1962
New Orleans & Northeastern Railroad v. Jopes green
scotus · 1891
2 sentences

1960Co. v. Jopes, 142 U.S. 18 , 12 S.Ct. 109, 111 , 35 L.Ed. 919 , the United States Supreme Court said: “If the party who actually causes the injury is free from all civil and criminal liability therefor, his employer must also be entitled to a like immunity.” Other Missouri cases which hold that where the cause of action against the servant has been extinguished, no recovery can be had against the master, are the following: Stoutimore v. Atchison, T. & S. F. R.

1960Co. v. Jopes, 142 U.S. 18 , 12 S.Ct. 109, 111 , 35 L.Ed. 919 , the United States Supreme Court said: “If the party who actually causes the injury is free from all civil and criminal liability therefor, his employer must also be entitled to a like immunity.” Other Missouri cases which hold that where the cause of action against the servant has been extinguished, no recovery can be had against the master, are the following: Stoutimore v. Atchison, T. & S. F. R.

11960–1960
Stoutimore v. Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co. green
mo · 1936
2 sentences

1960Co., 338 Mo. 463 , 92 S.W.2d 658 ; McGinnis v. Chicago, R.

1960Co., 338 Mo. 463 , 92 S.W.2d 658 ; McGinnis v. Chicago, R.

11960–1960
State v. Nasello green
· 1930
2 sentences

1945So considered, the authority of State v. Nasello, 325 Mo. 442 , 30 S. W. 2d 132 , is undoubtedly controlling, as that ease ruled the validity of a like instruction under objections which are duplicated here.

1945So considered, the authority of State v. Nasello, 325 Mo. 442 , 30 S. W. 2d 132 , is undoubtedly controlling, as that ease ruled the validity of a like instruction under objections which are duplicated here.

11945–1945
Carpenter v. Kurn green
· 1940
2 sentences

1944In this connection Carpenter v. Kurn, 345 Mo. 877 , 895, 136 S.W.2d 997 , 1007[12], points out in discussing a like error that if the court may assume the existence of an essential controverted fact because defendant offered [130] no evidence, it may with like propriety assume every essential fact not specifically controverted by evidence.

1944In this connection Carpenter v. Kurn, 345 Mo. 877 , 895, 136 S.W.2d 997 , 1007[12], points out in discussing a like error that if the court may assume the existence of an essential controverted fact because defendant offered [130] no evidence, it may with like propriety assume every essential fact not specifically controverted by evidence.

11944–1944
Pulitzer v. Chapman green
mo · 1935
2 sentences

1936Nor need we consider the modification of the rule as to said presumption of undue influence, as announced in some of the earlier cases, that was made by this court en banc in the recent cases of Loehr v. Starke, 332 Mo. 131 , 56 S.W.2d 772 , and Pulitzer v. Chapman, 337 Mo. 298 , 85 S.W.2d 400 , because in *Page 765 this case an essential fact element, recognized by all the cases as necessary in order that the presumption may be indulged so as to shift the burden of proof, is lacking.

1936Nor need we consider the modification of the rule as to said presumption of undue influence, as announced in some of the earlier cases, that was made by this court en banc in the recent cases of Loehr v. Starke, 332 Mo. 131 , 56 S.W.2d 772 , and Pulitzer v. Chapman, 337 Mo. 298 , 85 S.W.2d 400 , because in *Page 765 this case an essential fact element, recognized by all the cases as necessary in order that the presumption may be indulged so as to shift the burden of proof, is lacking.

11936–1936
Loehr v. Starke green
mo · 1933
2 sentences

1936Nor need we consider the modification of the rule as to said presumption of undue influence, as announced in some of the earlier cases, that was made by this court en banc in the recent cases of Loehr v. Starke, 332 Mo. 131 , 56 S.W.2d 772 , and Pulitzer v. Chapman, 337 Mo. 298 , 85 S.W.2d 400 , because in *Page 765 this case an essential fact element, recognized by all the cases as necessary in order that the presumption may be indulged so as to shift the burden of proof, is lacking.

1936Nor need we consider the modification of the rule as to said presumption of undue influence, as announced in some of the earlier cases, that was made by this court en banc in the recent cases of Loehr v. Starke, 332 Mo. 131 , 56 S.W.2d 772 , and Pulitzer v. Chapman, 337 Mo. 298 , 85 S.W.2d 400 , because in *Page 765 this case an essential fact element, recognized by all the cases as necessary in order that the presumption may be indulged so as to shift the burden of proof, is lacking.

11936–1936
State v. Harris green
mo · 1908
2 sentences

1932An additional instruction on self-defense should have been requested, if appellant believed that the given instruction did not go far enough. [State v. Rozell, supra.] A like instruction was given in State v. Harris, 209 Mo. 423 , 108 S.W. 28 .

1932An additional instruction on self-defense should have been requested, if appellant believed that the given instruction did not go far enough. [State v. Rozell, supra.] A like instruction was given in State v. Harris, 209 Mo. 423 , 108 S.W. 28 .

11932–1932
State v. Koonse neutral
moctapp · 1907
2 sentences

1931The demurrers to the evidence were properly rejected, since there was ample evidence, if believed by the jury, to support the case pleaded. [Haycraft v. Grigsby, 88 Mo. App. 345 , 360; State v. Koonse, 123 Mo. App. 655 , 101 S.W. 139 ; Dix v. Martin, 171 Mo. App. 266 , 157 S.W. 133 .] It is argued that plaintiff's evidence is opposed to physical facts and common observation and should be disregarded.

1931The demurrers to the evidence were properly rejected, since there was ample evidence, if believed by the jury, to support the case pleaded. [Haycraft v. Grigsby, 88 Mo. App. 345 , 360; State v. Koonse, 123 Mo. App. 655 , 101 S.W. 139 ; Dix v. Martin, 171 Mo. App. 266 , 157 S.W. 133 .] It is argued that plaintiff's evidence is opposed to physical facts and common observation and should be disregarded.

11931–1931
Dix ex rel. Younger v. Martin green
moctapp · 1913
2 sentences

1931The demurrers to the evidence were properly rejected, since there was ample evidence, if believed by the jury, to support the case pleaded. [Haycraft v. Grigsby, 88 Mo. App. 345 , 360; State v. Koonse, 123 Mo. App. 655 , 101 S.W. 139 ; Dix v. Martin, 171 Mo. App. 266 , 157 S.W. 133 .] It is argued that plaintiff's evidence is opposed to physical facts and common observation and should be disregarded.

1931The demurrers to the evidence were properly rejected, since there was ample evidence, if believed by the jury, to support the case pleaded. [Haycraft v. Grigsby, 88 Mo. App. 345 , 360; State v. Koonse, 123 Mo. App. 655 , 101 S.W. 139 ; Dix v. Martin, 171 Mo. App. 266 , 157 S.W. 133 .] It is argued that plaintiff's evidence is opposed to physical facts and common observation and should be disregarded.

11931–1931
City of East St. Louis v. Bux neutral
illappct · 1892
1 sentence

1931Louis v. Bux, 43 Ill.

11931–1931
Lackland v. Walker green
· 1899
11929–1929
State ex rel. Hickman v. Lewis neutral
· 1914
11929–1929
State ex rel. McClintock v. Guinotte green
· 1918
1 sentence

1929McClintock v. Guinotte, 275 Mo. 298 , a like clause in Section 30, A /.I O /\+ t U W i* a m An 4 a 4n a4 i ■vi 4 h a Fourth Amendment having particular reference to the right to due process of law, was construed, and it was held that the inheritance statute did not deny this right.

11929–1929
State Ex Rel. Kansas City v. Smith neutral
mo · 1924
11929–1929
State ex rel. Haeussler v. Court of Appeals neutral
mo · 1877
11928–1928
Barber Asphalt Paving Co. v. Hezel neutral
mo · 1897
11928–1928
Lawson v. Hammond green
mo · 1905
11928–1928
Moore v. Stemmons neutral
mo · 1905
11928–1928
Payne v. Daviess County Savings Ass'n neutral
mo · 1906
11928–1928
Balz v. Nelson neutral
moctapp · 1903
11928–1928
Snodgrass v. Copple neutral
mo · 1907
11928–1928
Hudson v. Wright green
mo · 1907
11928–1928
Stark v. Martin green
mo · 1907
11928–1928
Sperry v. Cook green
mo · 1907
11928–1928
Dubowsky v. Binggeli neutral
mo · 1914
11928–1928
Orris v. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Co. neutral
mo · 1919
11927–1927
Henderson v. McPike neutral
· 1864
11926–1926
Harper v. Vaughan green
va · 1891
11926–1926
Philips v. Bailey green
mo · 1884
11923–1923

Statutes the citing opinions construe

USC § 9u.s.c.1 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 129 (1885–2026) NY 107 (1807–2024) AL 84 (1884–2023) MO 80 (1856–2018) TX 79 (1881–2025) WA 70 (1897–2025) IL 55 (1878–2023) IN 44 (1866–2023) PA 42 (1878–2015) IA 36 (1849–1997) NC 35 (1910–2018) MI 32 (1871–2023) FL 30 (1878–2026) MS 30 (1874–2023) CO 29 (1890–2013) VA 28 (1832–2004) NJ 26 (1843–2026) GA 26 (1891–2026) MA 25 (1868–2025) OH 22 (1856–2014) NE 21 (1881–2000) OR 20 (1887–2011) LA 19 (1913–2024) CT 17 (1840–2013) DE 17 (1888–2026) MN 16 (1898–2003) KY 16 (1926–2024) MD 16 (1885–2016) WI 16 (1908–2024) OK 15 (1907–1998) KS 14 (1889–2016) NM 13 (1939–2025) TN 12 (1885–1971) MT 12 (1897–2024) WY 11 (1924–2004) SC 11 (1936–2024) WV 10 (1926–2024) AZ 9 (1894–2020) ME 8 (1839–2021) HI 7 (1905–2022) RI 6 (1938–2001) ID 6 (1912–2009) AR 5 (1903–1959) NV 5 (1955–2017) SD 4 (1910–2011) UT 4 (1873–2002) PR 3 (1919–1932) DC 3 (1943–2010) VT 2 (1927–1929) NH 2 (1859–2014)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

← Caselaw search · G Cite Topics · Brief Check