compliance requirement (New York) · Go Syfert
← New York issues

compliance requirement in New York

73 New York opinions name it 13 courts 1845–2026 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New York courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (30)

CaseFollowedCited
Winter v. . City of Niagara Fallsgreen
· 1907 · cited in 3 New York opinions naming this issue, 1934–1950
2 sentences

1950However, a provision such as the one before us “ is not so rigid as to be beyond a construction, which admits of a substantial compliance with its requirement, or of an excuse for delay in performance, when caused by the inability of the injured person to comply.” (Winter v. City of Niagara Falls, supra, p. 203.) Though the committee of his person and property herein did not qualify until March 13, 1948 (some thirteen months after the accident), the incompetent may not be held accountable for such delays.

1948While holding that municipal liability for injuries is a matter within the control of the Legislature, and the requirement that claims be presented within a specified time is a reasonable provision, the court, nevertheless, quoted with approval from Winter v. City of Niagara Falls ( 190 N. Y. 198 ), as follows (p. 401): “ ‘ The provision is not so rigid as to be beyond a construction, which admits of a substantial compliance with its requirement, or of an excuse for delay in performance, when caused by the inability of the injured person to comply.

13
Lepkowski v. State of NYgreen
ny · 2003 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2005–2022
2 sentences

2022Lepkowski v State of New York , 1 NY3d 201 ).

2005Under Lepkowski , however, it is clear that the substantial compliance standard does not relieve a claimant from the need to address all five of the pleading mandates of section 11 (b); rather, the standard simply allows for flexibility in weighing the adequacy of the allegations addressed to each of those pleading requirements (see Lepkowski, 1 NY3d at 208-209 [addressing the minimum requirements needed to sustain the claim therein]).

12
300 Gramatan Avenue Associates v. State Division of Human Rightsgreen
ny · 1978 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2003–2010
2 sentences

2010Assoc., 45 NY2d at 180-182 ).

2003Assoc. v State Div. of Human Rights, 45 NY2d 176, 180-181 [1978]).

12
Murphy v. . Village of Fort Edwardgreen
ny · 1915 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 1949–1950
2 sentences

1950In Murphy v. Village of Fort Edward ( 213 N. Y. 397 , supra), a notice of claim was filed almost twenty-three months after the injury, despite the provision that no action shall be maintained unless the notice of claim shall have been filed within sixty days after the accrual of the cause of action.

1949(Murphy v. Village of Fort Edward, 213 N. Y. 397, 401, 403 ; Russo v. City of New York, 258 N. Y. 344 .) In the cited eases it was stated that, as a matter of law, the statutory requirements must be enforced against infants of “ riper years ”, or those in their “ final period ” of infancy, and may not be enforced against “ immature infants ”, or those within “ a first period of infancy ”, leaving the question as to infants in “a middle period” to the triers of the facts; and it was held that a five-year-old child was in the “first period” and a fourteen-year-old child was not in the “ final pe

12
SKR Design Group, Inc. v. Yonehama, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 1997 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
2 sentences

2026A description of Charlebois was set forth in the First Department decision of SKR Design Group v Yonehama, Inc. (230 AD2d 533, 536-538 [1st Dept 1997]): In Charlebois, the owners engaged a contractor to build a warehouse and an addition to an existing building.

2026A description of Charlebois was set forth in the First Department decision of SKR Design Group v Yonehama, Inc. ( 230 AD2d 533, 536-538 [1st Dept 1997]): In Charlebois , the owners engaged a contractor to build a warehouse and an addition to an existing building.

11
Dwight Getting Heating & Air Conditioning, Inc. v. Jeradco, Ltd.green
nyappdiv · 1998 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
2 sentences

2026Corp . and have held that a contractor or tradesman possesses no right to compensation where it is not licensed to perform the work: Millington v Rapoport (98 AD2d 765 [dismissed complaint by unlicensed home improvement contractor to foreclose on mechanic's lien for performing carpentry, painting, and construction work at defendants' recently purchased home; that homeowner aware of absence of license or even that homeowner planned to take advantage of its absence creates no exception to statutory requirement]); Dwight Getting Heating & A.C. v Jeradco, Ltd. (255 AD2d 288, 289 [2d Dept 1998] [fa

2026Corp . and have held that a contractor or tradesman possesses no right to compensation where it is not licensed to perform the work: Millington v Rapoport ( 98 AD2d 765 [dismissed complaint by unlicensed home improvement contractor to foreclose on mechanic's lien for performing carpentry, painting, and construction work at defendants' recently purchased home; that homeowner aware of absence of license or even that homeowner planned to take advantage of its absence creates no exception to statutory requirement]); Dwight Getting Heating & A.C. v Jeradco, Ltd. ( 255 AD2d 288 , 289 [2d Dept 1998]

11
Gross v. Albany County Board of Electionsgreen
ny · 2004 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024As cautioned by the Court of Appeals, "a too-liberal construction of the Election Law has the potential for inviting mischie f on the part of candidates, or their supporters or aides, or worse still, manipulations of the entire election process" (Matter of Staber v Fidler, 65 NY2d at 534 [1985]; see, Matter of Gross v A lbanv Countv Bd. of Elections, 3 NY3d 251,258 [2004]).

11
Matter of Pilla v. Karnsomtobgreen
nyappdiv · 2016 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024Rather, the strict compliance standard simply requires the Court to determine whether the 84 Croton Lake Road address was in fact Kennedy's legitimate '·place of residence" under the Election Law at the time the nominating petition was circulated and filed with the Board of Elections (see, Matter of Pilla v Karnsomtob, 142 AD3d 1116, 1119 [2016] , Iv denied 28 NY3d 904 ; Zobe l v New York State Bd. of Elections, 254 AD2d 520, 521 [ 1998]; Sheehan v Scaringe. 154 AD2d at 83 3 [ 1989], appeal denied 74 NY2d 615 [ 1989]).

11
Zobel v. New York State of Electionsgreen
nyappdiv · 1998 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
1 sentence

2024Rather, the strict compliance standard simply requires the Court to determine whether the 84 Croton Lake Road address was in fact Kennedy's legitimate '·place of residence" under the Election Law at the time the nominating petition was circulated and filed with the Board of Elections (see, Matter of Pilla v Karnsomtob, 142 AD3d 1116, 1119 [2016] , Iv denied 28 NY3d 904 ; Zobe l v New York State Bd. of Elections, 254 AD2d 520, 521 [ 1998]; Sheehan v Scaringe. 154 AD2d at 83 3 [ 1989], appeal denied 74 NY2d 615 [ 1989]).

11
Mortgagee Affiliates Corp. v. Jerder Realty Services, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 1978 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
1 sentence

2021Accordingly, the substantial compliance doctrine does not apply ( see D'Ambra v Haynor , 293 AD2d 858, 859-860 [2002]; First Nationwide Bank v Pegasus Agency , 253 AD2d 536, 536 [1998]; Mortgagee Affiliates Corp. v Jerder Realty Servs. , 62 AD2d 591, 593-594 [1978], affd 47 NY2d 796 [1979]).

11
Heritage Savings Bank v. Grabowskigreen
nyappdiv · 1979 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
1 sentence

2021Bank v Grabowski , 70 AD2d 989, 990 [1979]).

11
Bianco v. Colesgreen
nyappdiv · 1987 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
1 sentence

2021The substantial compliance doctrine is primarily applied by courts where actual notice has been timely received through an improper method of service ( see Bianco v Coles , 131 AD2d 10, 13 [1987]; Heritage Sav.

11
First Nationwide Bank v. Pegasus Agency, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 1998 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
1 sentence

2021Accordingly, the substantial compliance doctrine does not apply ( see D'Ambra v Haynor , 293 AD2d 858, 859-860 [2002]; First Nationwide Bank v Pegasus Agency , 253 AD2d 536, 536 [1998]; Mortgagee Affiliates Corp. v Jerder Realty Servs. , 62 AD2d 591, 593-594 [1978], affd 47 NY2d 796 [1979]).

11
D'Ambra v. Haynorgreen
nyappdiv · 2002 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2021–2021
1 sentence

2021Accordingly, the substantial compliance doctrine does not apply ( see D'Ambra v Haynor , 293 AD2d 858, 859-860 [2002]; First Nationwide Bank v Pegasus Agency , 253 AD2d 536, 536 [1998]; Mortgagee Affiliates Corp. v Jerder Realty Servs. , 62 AD2d 591, 593-594 [1978], affd 47 NY2d 796 [1979]).

11
United States v. Collinsgreen
ca2 · 2012 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
Rogers v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1975 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
United States v. Bienvenido Mejiagreen
ca2 · 2004 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
11
United States v. Bladimir Martinezgreen
ca9 · 2017 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
1 sentence

2018Federal courts have generally treated this type of error as a violation of a defendant's right to be present—including the right to have counsel be heard—and have applied a substantial compliance standard as well as harmless error analysis where the communication at issue did not prejudice the defendant ( see United States v Martinez , 850 F3d 1097, 1102, 1109 [9th Cir 2017]; United States v Collins , 665 F3d 454, 460-461 [2d Cir 2012]; United States v Mejia , 356 F3d 470, 474-476 [2d Cir 2004]; compare Rogers v United States , 422 US 35, 38-40 [1975] [recognizing that harmless error was appli

11
Bank of Cochin Ltd. v. Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co.green
nysd · 1985 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
E & H Partners v. Broadway National Bankgreen
nysd · 1998 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
BasicNet S.P.A. v. CFP Services Ltd.green
nyappdiv · 2015 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Mentz v. . Newwittergreen
ny · 1890 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
City of New York v. Union News Co.green
nyappdiv · 1915 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
Cristallina S. A. v. Christie, Manson & Woods International, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 1986 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
11
565 Tenants Corp. v. Adamsgreen
nyappdiv · 2008 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
State Division of Human Rights v. Kochgreen
nyappdiv · 2009 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
Gilmore v. Hernandezgreen
nyappdiv · 2007 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
Patrowich v. Chemical Bankgreen
ny · 1984 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
11
People v. Schulzgreen
ny · 1986 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1992–1992
11
In re Ruthie R.green
nyappdiv · 1984 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in New York. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (50)

CaseCitedYears
Hargett v. Jefferson green
ny · 1984
2 sentences

1985In this matter, Special Term, relying on Matter of Jonas v Black ( 104 AD2d 466 , affd 63 NY2d 685 ), held that the strict compliance rule of Hargett (supra) did not apply to cover sheets which understated the total number of signatures contained in a designating petition, and consequently validated Alter’s petition.

1985In the instant matters, where the overstatements or understatements in the total in the number of signatures reported on the cover sheets are of a de minimis nature, we believe that the strict compliance standard, as set forth in Matter of Hargett v Jefferson (supra) and other Court of Appeals cases (see, e.g., Matter of Smith v Mahoney, 60 NY2d 596 ; Matter of Engert v McNab, 60 NY2d 607 ; Matter of Hutson v Bass, 54 NY2d 772 ; Matter of Ruiz v Sachs, 43 NY2d 894 ), was satisfied.

31985–1985
Walden v. . City of Jamestown green
ny · 1904
2 sentences

1948(Walden v. City of Jamestown, 178 N. Y. 213 .)’ ” The court then continued, at page 402: “ The requirement of the statute, however, as Judge Gray wrote, is not absolute and unyielding. * * * In this state the maxim that the law does not seek to compel a man to do that which he cannot possibly perform has been made the basis for the principle that physical and mental inability to comply with a statutory provision of the kind under consideration excuses the non-compliance. [Citing cases.]” The court distinguished between infants of tender years and those close to their majority, and held that im

1934(Walden v. City of Jamestown, 178 N. Y. 213 .) In this complaint, however, not only is there no allegation of compliance, but no excuse for the failure to present a claim is alleged.” The State has waived its immunity from liability in those cases only in which the statute has been complied with.

31915–1948
Oppenheimer & Co. v. Oppenheim, Appel, Dixon & Co. green
ny · 1995
2 sentences

2013The principles of the law of commercial contracts and leases are the same for all businesses and institutions, whatever their size. . [2] Although substantial compliance generally suffices to satisfy a constructive condition precedent (see Oppenheimer & Co., 86 NY2d at 690 ), we deem the two-year safe harbor to be sufficiently generous to the landlord that the period need not be further extended by application of the doctrine of substantial compliance.

2013The principles of the law of commercial contracts and leases are the same for all businesses and institutions, whatever their size. . [2] Although substantial compliance generally suffices to satisfy a constructive condition precedent (see Oppenheimer & Co., 86 NY2d at 690 ), we deem the two-year safe harbor to be sufficiently generous to the landlord that the period need not be further extended by application of the doctrine of substantial compliance.

22013–2013
Staber v. Fidler green
nyappdiv · 1985
2 sentences

1985Under these circumstances, the strict compliance standard set forth in Matter of Hargett v Jefferson (supra) should be deemed satisfied (see, Matter of Staber v Fidler, 110 AD2d 38 ; Matter of Fromson v Lefever, 112 AD2d 1064 ).

1985Under these circumstances, the strict compliance standard set forth in Matter of Hargett v Jefferson (supra) must be deemed satisfied (see, Matter of Staber v Fidler, 110 AD2d 38 ; Matter of Fromson v Lefever, 112 AD2d 1064 ).

21985–1985
Fromson v. Lefever green
nyappdiv · 1985
2 sentences

1985Under these circumstances, the strict compliance standard set forth in Matter of Hargett v Jefferson (supra) should be deemed satisfied (see, Matter of Staber v Fidler, 110 AD2d 38 ; Matter of Fromson v Lefever, 112 AD2d 1064 ).

1985Under these circumstances, the strict compliance standard set forth in Matter of Hargett v Jefferson (supra) must be deemed satisfied (see, Matter of Staber v Fidler, 110 AD2d 38 ; Matter of Fromson v Lefever, 112 AD2d 1064 ).

21985–1985
Dalton v. Darlington neutral
nyappdiv · 1908
2 sentences

1970As was said in Matter of Dalton v. Darlington ( 123 App. Div. 855 , supra) the primary purpose of civil service laws and rules is- to promote the good of the public service, and that purpose is not to be frustrated by technical or narrow constructions.’ ” It is the opinion of the court that the notice herein was sufficient.

1958As was said in Matter of Dalton v. Darlington ( 123 App. Div. 855 , supra) “ the primary purpose of civil service laws and rules is to promote the good of the public service, and that purpose is not to be frustrated by technical or narrow constructions.” The order appealed from should be reversed and the petition dismissed.

21958–1970
Westfall v. . Preston green
ny · 1872
2 sentences

1893These decisions are technical in the extreme, and hardly' in keeping with the rule that substantial compliance with the statute providing for the imposition of taxes in all matters of substance designed for the protection of the taxpayer is sufficient (Westfall v. Preston, 49 N. Y. 349 ; Parish v. Golden, 35 Id. 462 ; Buffalo & State Line R.

1893These decisions are technical in the extreme, and hardly' in keeping with the rule that substantial compliance with the statute providing for the imposition of taxes in all matters of substance designed for the protection of the taxpayer is sufficient (Westfall v. Preston, 49 N. Y. 349 ; Parish v. Golden, 35 Id. 462 ; Buffalo & State Line R.

21893–1893
Millington v. Rapoport green
nyappdiv · 1983
2 sentences

2026Corp . and have held that a contractor or tradesman possesses no right to compensation where it is not licensed to perform the work: Millington v Rapoport (98 AD2d 765 [dismissed complaint by unlicensed home improvement contractor to foreclose on mechanic's lien for performing carpentry, painting, and construction work at defendants' recently purchased home; that homeowner aware of absence of license or even that homeowner planned to take advantage of its absence creates no exception to statutory requirement]); Dwight Getting Heating & A.C. v Jeradco, Ltd. (255 AD2d 288, 289 [2d Dept 1998] [fa

2026Corp . and have held that a contractor or tradesman possesses no right to compensation where it is not licensed to perform the work: Millington v Rapoport ( 98 AD2d 765 [dismissed complaint by unlicensed home improvement contractor to foreclose on mechanic's lien for performing carpentry, painting, and construction work at defendants' recently purchased home; that homeowner aware of absence of license or even that homeowner planned to take advantage of its absence creates no exception to statutory requirement]); Dwight Getting Heating & A.C. v Jeradco, Ltd. ( 255 AD2d 288 , 289 [2d Dept 1998]

12026–2026
JME Enterprises, Inc. v. Kostynick Plumbing & Heating, Inc. green
nyappdiv · 2000
2 sentences

2026Corp . and have held that a contractor or tradesman possesses no right to compensation where it is not licensed to perform the work: Millington v Rapoport (98 AD2d 765 [dismissed complaint by unlicensed home improvement contractor to foreclose on mechanic's lien for performing carpentry, painting, and construction work at defendants' recently purchased home; that homeowner aware of absence of license or even that homeowner planned to take advantage of its absence creates no exception to statutory requirement]); Dwight Getting Heating & A.C. v Jeradco, Ltd. (255 AD2d 288, 289 [2d Dept 1998] [fa

2026Corp . and have held that a contractor or tradesman possesses no right to compensation where it is not licensed to perform the work: Millington v Rapoport ( 98 AD2d 765 [dismissed complaint by unlicensed home improvement contractor to foreclose on mechanic's lien for performing carpentry, painting, and construction work at defendants' recently purchased home; that homeowner aware of absence of license or even that homeowner planned to take advantage of its absence creates no exception to statutory requirement]); Dwight Getting Heating & A.C. v Jeradco, Ltd. ( 255 AD2d 288 , 289 [2d Dept 1998]

12026–2026
Charlebois v. J.M. Weller Associates, Inc. green
ny · 1988
2 sentences

2026The Court of Appeals attempted to mitigate the harshness of the strict compliance doctrine barring recovery of compensation to contractors and tradesmen who lack the respective [*6]license, in Charlebois v Weller Assoc. (72 NY2d 587 [1988]).

2026The Court of Appeals attempted to mitigate the harshness of the strict compliance doctrine barring recovery of compensation to contractors and tradesmen who lack the respective [*6]license, in Charlebois v Weller Assoc. ( 72 NY2d 587 [1988]).

12026–2026
Sheehan v. Scaringe neutral
nyappdiv · 1989
1 sentence

2024Rather, the strict compliance standard simply requires the Court to determine whether the 84 Croton Lake Road address was in fact Kennedy's legitimate '·place of residence" under the Election Law at the time the nominating petition was circulated and filed with the Board of Elections (see, Matter of Pilla v Karnsomtob, 142 AD3d 1116, 1119 [2016] , Iv denied 28 NY3d 904 ; Zobe l v New York State Bd. of Elections, 254 AD2d 520, 521 [ 1998]; Sheehan v Scaringe. 154 AD2d at 83 3 [ 1989], appeal denied 74 NY2d 615 [ 1989]).

12024–2024
People v. Mack green
ny · 2016
1 sentence

2024Rather, the strict compliance standard simply requires the Court to determine whether the 84 Croton Lake Road address was in fact Kennedy's legitimate '·place of residence" under the Election Law at the time the nominating petition was circulated and filed with the Board of Elections (see, Matter of Pilla v Karnsomtob, 142 AD3d 1116, 1119 [2016] , Iv denied 28 NY3d 904 ; Zobe l v New York State Bd. of Elections, 254 AD2d 520, 521 [ 1998]; Sheehan v Scaringe. 154 AD2d at 83 3 [ 1989], appeal denied 74 NY2d 615 [ 1989]).

12024–2024
Hargrove v. State of New York green
nyappdiv · 2016
1 sentence

2022To the contrary, this Court's case law reflects that this Court has continued to apply a strict compliance standard with respect to the statutory requirement that a claim or a notice of intention to file a claim state the "time when . . . [the] claim arose" (Court of Claims Act § 11[b]; see Matter of DeMairo v State of New York , 172 AD3d at 857; Hargrove v State of New York , 138 AD3d at 778 ; cf. Rodriguez v State of New York , 8 AD3d at 648 ).

12022–2022
Rodriguez v. State green
nyappdiv · 2004
1 sentence

2022To the contrary, this Court's case law reflects that this Court has continued to apply a strict compliance standard with respect to the statutory requirement that a claim or a notice of intention to file a claim state the "time when . . . [the] claim arose" (Court of Claims Act § 11[b]; see Matter of DeMairo v State of New York , 172 AD3d at 857; Hargrove v State of New York , 138 AD3d at 778 ; cf. Rodriguez v State of New York , 8 AD3d at 648 ).

12022–2022
Mortgagee Affiliates Corp. v. Jerder Realty Services, Inc. neutral
ny · 1979
1 sentence

2021Accordingly, the substantial compliance doctrine does not apply ( see D'Ambra v Haynor , 293 AD2d 858, 859-860 [2002]; First Nationwide Bank v Pegasus Agency , 253 AD2d 536, 536 [1998]; Mortgagee Affiliates Corp. v Jerder Realty Servs. , 62 AD2d 591, 593-594 [1978], affd 47 NY2d 796 [1979]).

12021–2021
Higby v. Mahoney green
nyappdiv · 1979
12016–2016
ZAMEL, ET UX. v. Port of NY Authority green
nj · 1970
12014–2014
City of New York v. . Union News Co. green
· 1918
12013–2013
Harris v. Hernandez neutral
nyappdiv · 2010
12011–2011
Romero v. Martinez green
nyappdiv · 2001
12011–2011
M.J. Frenzy, LLC v. Utica National Insurance Group green
nyappdiv · 2003
12011–2011
New York State Division of Human Rights v. Tripi neutral
nyappdiv · 2003
12010–2010
MSG Pomp Corp. v. Doe green
nyappdiv · 1992
12003–2003
Fairfax Co. v. Whelan Drug Co. green
nyappdiv · 1984
12001–2001
McMullin v. Pelham Bay Riding, Inc. green
nyappdiv · 1993
12001–2001
Freestone v. Cowan green
ca9 · 1995
11998–1998
Blessing v. Freestone green
scotus · 1997
11998–1998
Thoreson v. Penthouse International, Ltd. green
ny · 1992
11997–1997
Levine v. Levine green
nyappdiv · 1992
11995–1995
DeCabrera v. Cabrera-Rosete green
ny · 1987
11995–1995
People v. Liberatore green
ny · 1992
11992–1992
People v. Pistone neutral
nyappdiv · 1988
11991–1991
People v. Garcia neutral
nyappdiv · 1990
11991–1991
People v. James green
nyappdiv · 1984
11990–1990
People v. Parker green
ny · 1982
11990–1990
LIAISON COMM. v. Williams green
ny · 1988
11989–1989
People v. Lader neutral
nyappdiv · 1985
11987–1987
Levine v. Horn neutral
nyappdiv · 1984
11985–1985
Schneider v. . City of Rochester neutral
ny · 1899
11985–1985
MATTER OF JONAS v. Black neutral
ny · 1984
11985–1985

Statutes the citing opinions construe

NY § N.Y. Executive Law § 298 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 186 (1892–2026) OH 184 (1896–2026) TX 123 (1878–2026) WA 110 (1931–2026) IL 109 (1874–2026) NJ 87 (1924–2026) IA 79 (1885–2025) NY 73 (1845–2026) MS 71 (1870–2026) MI 60 (1887–2025) KY 52 (1921–2026) PA 52 (1859–2025) MO 49 (1890–2018) UT 49 (1988–2024) CO 36 (1890–2026) GA 36 (1898–2025) IN 31 (1870–2020) KS 31 (1890–2025) MD 29 (1909–2019) CT 27 (1926–2024) LA 26 (1916–2024) AL 26 (1909–1995) FL 26 (1893–2024) TN 26 (1967–2026) OK 21 (1911–2024) AR 19 (1906–2021) MN 19 (1892–2016) AZ 17 (1934–2026) WI 14 (1958–2026) NV 13 (1923–2023) VA 13 (1891–2025) DC 13 (1948–2024) MT 12 (1907–2025) NE 12 (1898–2020) NM 12 (1987–2019) SD 11 (1996–2024) OR 10 (1909–2026) NC 10 (1896–2020) HI 9 (1912–2006) ME 7 (1982–2016) MA 7 (1915–2023) WV 7 (1921–1999) VT 6 (1908–2018) WY 6 (1921–2005) ND 5 (1898–1995) AK 5 (1977–2021) SC 5 (1929–2007) DE 4 (1971–2015) ID 4 (1931–2023) NH 3 (1989–2020) PR 2 (1929–1930) VI 2 (2000–2024)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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