default rule (Washington) · Go Syfert
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default rule in Washington

44 Washington opinions name it 2 courts 1909–2025 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Washington courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (20)

CaseFollowedCited
In Re Markelgreen
wash · 2005 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2013–2023
2 sentences

2023Restraint of Markel, 154 Wn.2d 262, 274 , 111 P.3d 249 (2005) (“Under this sentencing scheme, a ‘same criminal conduct’ finding is an exception to the default rule that all convictions must count separately.”); State v. Lopez, 142 Wn.

2013Restraint of Market, 154 Wn.2d 262, 274 , 111 P.3d 249 (2005) (“[A] ‘same criminal conduct’ finding is an exception to the default rule that all convictions must count separately.

22
In re the Personal Restraint of Markelgreen
wash · 2005 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2013–2023
2 sentences

2023Restraint of Markel, 154 Wn.2d 262, 274 , 111 P.3d 249 (2005) (“Under this sentencing scheme, a ‘same criminal conduct’ finding is an exception to the default rule that all convictions must count separately.”); State v. Lopez, 142 Wn.

2013Restraint of Market, 154 Wn.2d 262, 274 , 111 P.3d 249 (2005) (“[A] ‘same criminal conduct’ finding is an exception to the default rule that all convictions must count separately.

22
In Re Dissolution & Winding Up of KeyTronicsgreen
neb · 2008 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015As the Supreme Court of Nebraska observed, applying the RUPA, the indicia of co-ownership, which include profit sharing and loss sharing, “are only that; they are not all necessary to establish a partnership relationship, and no single indicium of co-ownership is either necessary or sufficient to prove co-ownership.” In re Dissolution & Winding Up of KeyTronics, 274 Neb. 936 , 744 N.W.2d 425, 441 (2008). ¶63 In Stuart v. Overland Medical Center, 510 S.W.2d 494, 497-98 (Mo. Ct. App. 1974), a court applying the UPA, the predecessor to the RUPA, held that an economic arrangement under which profe

2015As the Supreme Court of Nebraska observed, applying the RUPA, the indicia of co-ownership, which include profit sharing and loss sharing, “are only that; they are not all necessary to establish a partnership relationship, and no single indicium of co-ownership is either necessary or sufficient to prove co-ownership.” In re Dissolution & Winding Up of KeyTronics, 274 Neb. 936 , 744 N.W.2d 425, 441 (2008). ¶63 In Stuart v. Overland Medical Center, 510 S.W.2d 494, 497-98 (Mo. Ct. App. 1974), a court applying the UPA, the predecessor to the RUPA, held that an economic arrangement under which profe

22
State v. Smithgreen
wash · 1982 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See RCW 5.60.020 (“Every person of sound mind and discretion . . . may be a witness in any action, or proceeding.”); ER 601 (“Every person is competent to be a witness except as otherwise provided by statute or by court rule.”); see also State v. Smith, 97 Wn.2d 801, 803 , 650 P.2d 201 (1982) (“Where there has been no such adjudication [of insanity], the burden is on the party opposing the witness to prove incompetence.”).

2010See RCW 5.60.020 (“Every person of sound mind and discretion . . . may be a witness in any action, or proceeding.”); ER 601 (“Every person is competent to be a witness except as otherwise provided by statute or by court rule.”); see also State v. Smith, 97 Wn.2d 801, 803 , 650 P.2d 201 (1982) (“Where there has been no such adjudication [of insanity], the burden is on the party opposing the witness to prove incompetence.”).

22
Commercial Courier Service, Inc. v. Millergreen
washctapp · 1975 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
2 sentences

2003See Commercial Courier Serv., Inc. v. Miller, 13 Wash.App. 98, 105-07 , 533 P.2d 852 (1975) (defendant disregarded summons because he thought it was only a bluff).

2003See Commercial Courier Serv., Inc. v. Miller, 13 Wn.

22
Mahler v. Szucsgreen
wash · 1998 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
2 sentences

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wash.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wash.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Fees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner & Cutler and Nylander eds., rev. ed. 1995).

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wn.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wn.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Pees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner ed., rev. ed. 1995).

22
Spokane Co. v. State Ex Rel. Co. Comrs.green
wash · 1998 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
2 sentences

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wash.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wash.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Fees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner & Cutler and Nylander eds., rev. ed. 1995).

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wn.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wn.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Pees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner ed., rev. ed. 1995).

22
Mahler v. Szucsgreen
wash · 1998 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
2 sentences

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wash.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wash.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Fees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner & Cutler and Nylander eds., rev. ed. 1995).

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wn.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wn.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Pees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner ed., rev. ed. 1995).

22
Tesoro Refining & Marketing Co. v. Department of Revenuegreen
wash · 2008 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2020–2024
2 sentences

2024Co. v. Dep’t of Revenue, 164 Wn.2d 310, 319 , 190 P.3d 28 (2008) (“As a default rule, the word ‘or’ does not mean ‘and’ unless legislative intent clearly indicates to the contrary.”).

2020Co. v. Dep’t of Revenue, 164 Wn.2d 310, 319 , 190 P.3d 28 (2008) (plurality opinion).

12
Tesoro Refining & Marketing v. State, Dorgreen
wash · 2008 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2020–2024
2 sentences

2024Co. v. Dep’t of Revenue, 164 Wn.2d 310, 319 , 190 P.3d 28 (2008) (“As a default rule, the word ‘or’ does not mean ‘and’ unless legislative intent clearly indicates to the contrary.”).

2020Co. v. Dep’t of Revenue, 164 Wn.2d 310, 319 , 190 P.3d 28 (2008) (plurality opinion).

12
State v. Grantgreen
wash · 1978 · cited in 2 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
2 sentences

2000Id. at 684 .

2000State v. Grant, 89 Wash.2d at 684, 575 P.2d 210 .

12
State v. Lopezgreen
washctapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023Restraint of Markel, 154 Wn.2d 262, 274 , 111 P.3d 249 (2005) (“Under this sentencing scheme, a ‘same criminal conduct’ finding is an exception to the default rule that all convictions must count separately.”); State v. Lopez, 142 Wn.

11
State v. Lopezgreen
washctapp · 2007 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2023–2023
1 sentence

2023App. 341, 351 , 174 P.3d 1216 (2007) (“In determining a defendant’s offender score under the [SRA], two or more current offenses and prior offenses are presumed to count separately unless the trial court finds that the current offenses encompass the same criminal conduct.”).

11
Cox v. Spanglergreen
wash · 2000 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
11
Cox v. Spanglergreen
wash · 2000 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
1 sentence

2020See Cox v. Spangler, 141 Wn.2d 431, 446 , 5 P.3d 1265 (2000) (noting that joint liability applies when there is either concert of action or independent torts uniting to cause a single injury).

11
Department of Social & Health Services v. Browngreen
· 1991 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
11
State v. Kinggreen
washctapp · 2009 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
11
Stuart v. Overland Medical Centergreen
moctapp · 1974 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
11
Klettke v. Klettkegreen
wash · 1956 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1979–1979
11
Barksdale v. Peoples Financial Corp. of Alpharettagreen
gand · 1975 · cited in 1 Washington opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Washington. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (41)

CaseCitedYears
Arreche v. Porto Rico Railway, Light & Power Co. neutral
prsupreme · 1923
2 sentences

1918In Tacoma Water Supply Co. v. Dumermuth, 51 Wash. 609 , 99 Pac. 741 , the court said: “After the respondents acquired their deed from the state, their obligation to convey and the-obligation on the part of the purchaser, to pay the purchase price became mutual, concurrent and dependent, and neither party could thereafter put the other in default or claim a forfeiture without first tendering performance on his part; and this, whether the contract contained a forfeiture clause or not.” See, also, Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stein v.

1914Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stem v. Waddell, 37 Wash. 634 , 80 Pac. 184 ; Melick v. Cross, 62 N. J.

31909–1918
Stein v. Waddell neutral
wash · 1905
2 sentences

1918In Tacoma Water Supply Co. v. Dumermuth, 51 Wash. 609 , 99 Pac. 741 , the court said: “After the respondents acquired their deed from the state, their obligation to convey and the-obligation on the part of the purchaser, to pay the purchase price became mutual, concurrent and dependent, and neither party could thereafter put the other in default or claim a forfeiture without first tendering performance on his part; and this, whether the contract contained a forfeiture clause or not.” See, also, Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stein v.

1918In Tacoma Water Supply Co. v. Dumermuth, 51 Wash. 609 , 99 Pac. 741 , the court said: “After the respondents acquired their deed from the state, their obligation to convey and the-obligation on the part of the purchaser, to pay the purchase price became mutual, concurrent and dependent, and neither party could thereafter put the other in default or claim a forfeiture without first tendering performance on his part; and this, whether the contract contained a forfeiture clause or not.” See, also, Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stein v.

31909–1918
Mudgett v. Clay neutral
wash · 1892
2 sentences

1918In Tacoma Water Supply Co. v. Dumermuth, 51 Wash. 609 , 99 Pac. 741 , the court said: “After the respondents acquired their deed from the state, their obligation to convey and the-obligation on the part of the purchaser, to pay the purchase price became mutual, concurrent and dependent, and neither party could thereafter put the other in default or claim a forfeiture without first tendering performance on his part; and this, whether the contract contained a forfeiture clause or not.” See, also, Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stein v.

1914Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stem v. Waddell, 37 Wash. 634 , 80 Pac. 184 ; Melick v. Cross, 62 N. J.

31909–1918
Underwood v. Tew neutral
· 1893
2 sentences

1918In Tacoma Water Supply Co. v. Dumermuth, 51 Wash. 609 , 99 Pac. 741 , the court said: “After the respondents acquired their deed from the state, their obligation to convey and the-obligation on the part of the purchaser, to pay the purchase price became mutual, concurrent and dependent, and neither party could thereafter put the other in default or claim a forfeiture without first tendering performance on his part; and this, whether the contract contained a forfeiture clause or not.” See, also, Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stein v.

1918In Tacoma Water Supply Co. v. Dumermuth, 51 Wash. 609 , 99 Pac. 741 , the court said: “After the respondents acquired their deed from the state, their obligation to convey and the-obligation on the part of the purchaser, to pay the purchase price became mutual, concurrent and dependent, and neither party could thereafter put the other in default or claim a forfeiture without first tendering performance on his part; and this, whether the contract contained a forfeiture clause or not.” See, also, Mudgett v. Clay, 5 Wash. 103 , 31 Pac. 424 ; Underwood v. Tew, 7 Wash. 297 , 34 Pac. 1100 ; Stein v.

31909–1918
Brand v. Department of Labor & Industries green
wash · 1999
2 sentences

2009In his concurring opinion in Brand v. Department of Labor & Industries, 139 Wash.2d 659 , 989 P.2d 1111 (1999), Justice Talmadge referred to the lodestar approach as "the default principle" for calculating attorney fees in Washington.

2009In his concurring opinion in Brand v. Department of Labor & Industries, 139 Wn.2d 659 , 989 P.2d 1111 (1999), Justice Talmadge referred to the lodestar approach as “the default principle” for calculating attorney fees in Washington.

22009–2009
Chevron Oil Co. v. Huson red
scotus · 1971
2 sentences

2009Chevron Oil Co. v. Huson, 404 U.S. 97, 106-07 , 92 S. Ct. 349 , 30 L.

2009Chevron Oil Co. v. Huson, 404 U.S. 97, 106-07 , 92 S. Ct. 349 , 30 L.

22009–2009
Brand v. DEPT. OF LABOR & INDUSTRIES green
wash · 1999
2 sentences

2009In his concurring opinion in Brand v. Department of Labor & Industries, 139 Wash.2d 659 , 989 P.2d 1111 (1999), Justice Talmadge referred to the lodestar approach as "the default principle" for calculating attorney fees in Washington.

2009In his concurring opinion in Brand v. Department of Labor & Industries, 139 Wn.2d 659 , 989 P.2d 1111 (1999), Justice Talmadge referred to the lodestar approach as “the default principle” for calculating attorney fees in Washington.

22009–2009
Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co. green
scotus · 1950
2 sentences

2008Olympic Forest Prods., Inc., 82 Wash.2d at 422 , 511 P.2d 1002 (quoting Mullane, 339 U.S. at 314 , 70 S.Ct. 652 ). ¶ 17 We disagree with Nightrunners that its status as a foreign business entity entitles it to special notice and explanation.

2008Olympic Forest Prods., Inc., 82 Wn.2d at 422 (quoting Mullane, 339 U.S. at 314 ). ¶17 We disagree with Nightrunners that its status as a foreign business entity entitles it to special notice and explanation.

22008–2008
Olympic Forest Products, Inc. v. Chaussee Corp. green
wash · 1973
2 sentences

2008Olympic Forest Prods., Inc., 82 Wash.2d at 422 , 511 P.2d 1002 (quoting Mullane, 339 U.S. at 314 , 70 S.Ct. 652 ). ¶ 17 We disagree with Nightrunners that its status as a foreign business entity entitles it to special notice and explanation.

2008Olympic Forest Prods., Inc., 82 Wn.2d at 422 (quoting Mullane, 339 U.S. at 314 ). ¶17 We disagree with Nightrunners that its status as a foreign business entity entitles it to special notice and explanation.

22008–2008
Thompson v. St. Regis Paper Company green
wash · 1984
2 sentences

2002Ford, therefore, falls under the default rule: an employer can discharge an at-will employee for "no cause, good cause or even cause morally wrong without fear of liability." Thompson , 102 Wash.2d at 226 , 685 P.2d 1081 .

2002Ford, therefore, falls under the default rule: an employer can discharge an at-will employee for “no cause, good cause or even cause morally wrong without fear of liability.” Thompson , 102 Wn.2d at 226 .

22002–2002
Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks green
wash · 1993
2 sentences

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wash.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wash.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Fees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner & Cutler and Nylander eds., rev. ed. 1995).

1999See, e.g., Mahler v. Szucs, 135 Wash.2d 398 , 957 P.2d 632 , 966 P.2d 305 (1998); Scott Fetzer Co. v. Weeks, 122 Wash.2d 141 , 859 P.2d 1210 (1993); see, generally, Philip A. Talmadge, Attorney Fees in Washington: Annotated Statutes, Cases and Commentary at 293-97 (Charles P. Siner & Cutler and Nylander eds., rev. ed. 1995).

21999–1999
Hayden v. Pataki green
ca2 · 2006
1 sentence

2025In Spector, the Supreme Court applied the clear statement rule to an unambiguous statute, and in Hayden, 449 F.3d at 325 , the Second Circuit Court of Appeals held the rule “does not require courts engaged in statutory interpretation to search for a construction of the statute that will not affect the federal balance, but rather, reveals the canon to be a default rule.” (Emphasis added.) Based on Spector and Hayden, we assume without deciding that the clear statement federalism rule operates as a tool to discern congressional intent and may be applied to an unambiguous statute. 16 Hous.

12025–2025
DeNoskoff v. Scott green
washctapp · 1984
1 sentence

2024Politoff, 36 Wn.

12024–2024
National Paint & Coatings Association v. City of Chicago green
ca7 · 1995
1 sentence

2021In similar instances, at least one federal circuit court of appeals has held that Pike “is not the default standard of review for any state or local law that affects interstate commerce.” Park Pet Shop, 872 F.3d at 502 (citing Nat’l Paint, 45 F.3d at 1131 ).

12021–2021
Park Pet Shop, Inc. v. City of Chicago green
ca7 · 2017
1 sentence

2021In similar instances, at least one federal circuit court of appeals has held that Pike “is not the default standard of review for any state or local law that affects interstate commerce.” Park Pet Shop, 872 F.3d at 502 (citing Nat’l Paint, 45 F.3d at 1131 ).

12021–2021
Bowers v. Transamerica Title Insurance green
wash · 1983
1 sentence

2020Id. at 597 .

12020–2020
Thorndike v. Hesperian Orchards, Inc. green
wash · 1959
12017–2017
COSMOPOLITAN ENG. GROUP v. Ondeo Degremont, Inc. green
wash · 2006
12014–2014
Department of Ecology v. Campbell & Gwinn, L.L.C. green
wash · 2002
12014–2014
Cosmopolitan Engineering Group, Inc. v. Ondeo Degremont, Inc. green
wash · 2006
12014–2014
Johnson v. Cash Store green
washctapp · 2003
12014–2014
Johnson v. Cash Store green
washctapp · 2003
12014–2014
Nast v. Michels green
wash · 1986
12013–2013
Harper v. Virginia Department of Taxation green
scotus · 1993
12009–2009
Seattle-First National Bank v. Tabert green
wash · 1975
12009–2009
Ulmer v. Ford Motor Co. green
wash · 1969
12009–2009
Little v. King green
wash · 2007
12007–2007
Widicus v. Southwestern Electric Cooperative, Inc. green
illappct · 1960
12007–2007
Norton v. Brown green
washctapp · 1999
12003–2003
O'BRIEN v. Shearson Hayden Stone, Inc. green
wash · 1980
11999–1999
Birenbaum v. Option Care, Inc. green
texapp · 1997
11999–1999
Reynolds v. Insurance Co. of North America neutral
washctapp · 1979
11999–1999
Brim v. Struthers green
wash · 1954
11979–1979
White v. White green
wash · 1945
11979–1979
Yeck v. Department of Labor & Industries neutral
wash · 1947
11970–1970
Christy v. Baiocchi green
wash · 1909
11934–1934
Lewis v. Wellard neutral
wash · 1911
11934–1934
Bendon v. Parfit neutral
wash · 1913
11934–1934
Tacoma Water Supply Co. v. Dumermuth neutral
wash · 1909
11918–1918
Katz v. Hathaway neutral
wash · 1911
11918–1918

Statutes the citing opinions construe

WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 2.06.040 (4) WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 34.05.570 (4) WA § Wash. Rev. Code § 9.94A.589 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 289 (1929–2026) TX 115 (1977–2026) IL 83 (1911–2026) FL 60 (1970–2026) DE 51 (1996–2026) NY 49 (1938–2026) WA 44 (1909–2025) OH 41 (1998–2026) PA 38 (1927–2026) MI 31 (2007–2025) CT 30 (1991–2026) AZ 28 (1969–2024) IA 28 (1976–2026) MO 27 (1986–2025) OR 26 (1909–2025) LA 26 (1982–2025) DC 22 (2001–2026) WI 22 (1997–2024) MD 22 (1986–2025) UT 18 (2002–2022) MA 17 (1927–2025) NC 16 (1896–2026) NJ 16 (1952–2025) VA 15 (1989–2025) GA 14 (1962–2026) MN 14 (1982–2025) MS 14 (1999–2024) CO 13 (1974–2026) AL 13 (1987–2023) NM 13 (1983–2023) SD 11 (1985–2024) IN 10 (1969–2025) AK 10 (1976–2025) ME 9 (1968–2022) MT 9 (1978–2016) ID 8 (1908–2025) WY 8 (2002–2025) ND 8 (1981–2014) KS 7 (2006–2026) HI 6 (1999–2024) SC 6 (2001–2025) KY 5 (2005–2024) NH 5 (1982–2025) TN 5 (1952–2020) NE 4 (1990–2024) OK 4 (2015–2022) WV 4 (2014–2024) NV 2 (2000–2025) RI 2 (2010–2010)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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