default rule (Oregon) · Go Syfert
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default rule in Oregon

29 Oregon opinions name it 3 courts 1909–2026 12 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Oregon courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (13)

CaseFollowedCited
State v. Haltomgreen
or · 2020 · cited in 6 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2022–2025
2 sentences

2025Id. (“Evidence directed at determining which mental state the legislature might have intended to attach to the element at issue should then be considered to confirm or rebut any tentative conclusion reached under the default rule analysis.”).

2025After coming to an initial conclusion based on those default rules, we then consider other evidence “directed at determining which mental state the legislature might have intended to attach to the element at issue * * * to confirm or rebut any tentative conclusion reached under the default rule analysis.” Haltom, 366 Or at 802 .

66
State v. Simonovgreen
or · 2016 · cited in 4 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2020–2026
2 sentences

2026Propp, 345 Or App at 388-89 (“The default rule is that conduct elements require an intentional or knowing mental state, while circumstance and result elements require a reckless or criminally negligent mental state, although the legislature may of course vary from the defaults.”); Simonov, 358 Or at 540 (summarizing ORS 161.115(3) as stating that “[t]he state may plead and prove the least culpable of the applicable mental states for a particular element of an offense”).

2025See Simonov, 358 Or at 538 - 40 (describing the default rule); see also Haltom, 366 Or at 802 (explaining that initially focusing on whether the enacting legislature “intended or understood the element at issue as a circumstance or as part of the conduct * * * honors the default rule that is at the heart of the Simonov analysis”).

34
State v. Paulgreen
orctapp · 2026 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
2 sentences

2026See State v. Paul, 345 Or App 348, 354 , 583 P3d 1045 , 1052 (2025), adh’d to as modified on recons, 348 Or App 579 , 589 P3d 216 (2026) (“After coming to an initial conclusion based on those default rules, we then consider other evidence directed at determining which mental state the legislature might have intended to attach to the element at issue * * * to confirm or rebut any tentative conclusion reached under the default rule analysis.” (Internal citation omitted)).

2026See State v. Paul, 345 Or App 348, 354 , 583 P3d 1045 , 1052 (2025), adh’d to as modified on recons, 348 Or App 579 , 589 P3d 216 (2026) (“After coming to an initial conclusion based on those default rules, we then consider other evidence directed at determining which mental state the legislature might have intended to attach to the element at issue * * * to confirm or rebut any tentative conclusion reached under the default rule analysis.” (Internal citation omitted)).

11
State v. Proppgreen
orctapp · 2025 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026Propp, 345 Or App at 388-89 (“The default rule is that conduct elements require an intentional or knowing mental state, while circumstance and result elements require a reckless or criminally negligent mental state, although the legislature may of course vary from the defaults.”); Simonov, 358 Or at 540 (summarizing ORS 161.115(3) as stating that “[t]he state may plead and prove the least culpable of the applicable mental states for a particular element of an offense”).

11
State v. Paulgreen
orctapp · 2025 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
2 sentences

2026See State v. Paul, 345 Or App 348, 354 , 583 P3d 1045 , 1052 (2025), adh’d to as modified on recons, 348 Or App 579 , 589 P3d 216 (2026) (“After coming to an initial conclusion based on those default rules, we then consider other evidence directed at determining which mental state the legislature might have intended to attach to the element at issue * * * to confirm or rebut any tentative conclusion reached under the default rule analysis.” (Internal citation omitted)).

2026See State v. Paul, 345 Or App 348, 354 , 583 P3d 1045 , 1052 (2025), adh’d to as modified on recons, 348 Or App 579 , 589 P3d 216 (2026) (“After coming to an initial conclusion based on those default rules, we then consider other evidence directed at determining which mental state the legislature might have intended to attach to the element at issue * * * to confirm or rebut any tentative conclusion reached under the default rule analysis.” (Internal citation omitted)).

11
State v. Mirandagreen
or · 1990 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026See Miranda, 309 Or at 128 (“A defendant’s own inquiry on direct examination into the contents of otherwise inadmissible statements opens the door to further inquiry on cross-examination relating to those same statements.”).

11
State ex rel Torres-Lopez v. Fahriongreen
or · 2025 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
1 sentence

2025But, under the statute’s exception, a sentencing court can authorize credit for that time by expressly ordering it[.]” 374 Or at 431-32.

11
State v. Ritzgreen
or · 2017 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
2 sentences

2022See State v. Ritz, 361 Or 781, 795 , 399 P3d 421 (2017) (reasoning that the state must establish that the “officers reasonably believed that the delay caused by obtaining a warrant would likely lead to the loss of evidence”).3 The concurrence further observes that “no one in the field made a considered judgment that exigencies justified a departure from McNeely’s default requirement of a warrant.” 320 Or App at 360-61 (Lagesen, C.

2022See State v. Ritz, 361 Or 781, 795 , 399 P3d 421 (2017) (reasoning that the state must establish that the “officers reasonably believed that the delay caused by obtaining a warrant would likely lead to the loss of evidence”).3 The concurrence further observes that “no one in the field made a considered judgment that exigencies justified a departure from McNeely’s default requirement of a warrant.” 320 Or App at 360-61 (Lagesen, C.

11
State v. Schodrowgreen
orctapp · 2003 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2022–2022
1 sentence

2022The statutory text provides little guidance to suggest how the mental state in the phrase “intentionally resists a person” was meant to be interpreted in relation to the means and the end components of the definition of “resists.” We have previously described similarly worded statutes as ambiguous because, “[a]s a matter of grammar[,] * * * it is not at all clear how far down the sentence the [culpability term] is intended to travel.” See Schodrow, 187 Or App at 230 (explaining that the language of a statute prohibiting “knowingly * * * [c]arr[ying] any firearm concealed upon the person” was a

11
Wilber v. Wheelergreen
or · 1975 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020Wilber v. Wheeler, 273 Or 855, 862 , 543 P2d 1052 (1975) (“Under our statute, it is clear that water rights are appurtenant to the land, and not to ownership of the land which changes hands frequently.”).

2020Wilber v. Wheeler, 273 Or 855, 862 , 543 P2d 1052 (1975) (“Under our statute, it is clear that water rights are appurtenant to the land, and not to ownership of the land which changes hands frequently.”).

11
State v. Blantongreen
or · 1978 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
1 sentence

2013As the Supreme Court held in Blanton , “the policy adopted by the legislature is to require a culpable mental state with respect to each element in the definition of an offense, with the exceptions stated in ORS 161.105 [relating to violations and noncode crimes].” 284 Or at 594 (emphasis added); see also Tape Recording, Criminal Law Revision Commission, Subcommittee No 1, Dec 18,1968, Tape 29, Side 1 (statement of Courtney Arthur) (under the code, culpable mental states would be required not only for each crime, but for each element of a crime; they would be required for all elements that go

11
Hamlin v. Hampton Lumber Mills, Inc.green
orctapp · 2009 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
1 sentence

2009See Hamlin, 227 Or App at 170 (considering the policy behind the attorney fee statute at issue).

11
Cabell v. City of Cottage Grovegreen
or · 1942 · cited in 1 Oregon opinions naming this issue, 1991–1991
2 sentences

1991See Cabell et al. v. Cottage Grove et al., 170 Or 256, 281 , 130 P2d 1013 (1943).

1991See Cabell et al. v. Cottage Grove et al., 170 Or 256, 281 , 130 P2d 1013 (1943).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Oregon. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (19)

CaseCitedYears
State v. King green
or · 2017
2 sentences

2026King, 361 Or at 658-59 .

2017For the reasons explained below, we conclude that, in the absence of a statutory rule specifically addressing the Cite as 361 Or 646 (2017) 657 issue, a contractual default rule or “gap-filler” is required when (1) the victim’s death is reasonably foreseeable to the prosecutor and (2) the plea agreement does not address the subject of reprosecution in the event of the victim’s death and arose from negotiations that also did not address that subject.

22017–2026
State ex rel Torres-Lopez v. Fahrion green
or · 2025
2 sentences

2025Torres-Lopez, 373 Or at 837 .

2025Torres-Lopez, 373 Or at 837 .

22025–2025
Kamin v. KUHNAU green
or · 1962
2 sentences

2017In Kamin v. Kuhnau, 232 Or 139, 143-44 , 374 P2d 912 (1962), the plaintiff inventor paid the defendant to use his machine shop to develop his ideas for a new garbage truck packer, and the defendant subsequently manufactured a number of the developed units for the plaintiff before announcing that he would manufacture garbage truck bodies in competition with the plaintiff.

2017In Kamin v. Kuhnau, 232 Or 139, 143-44 , 374 P2d 912 (1962), the plaintiff inventor paid the defendant to use his machine shop to develop his ideas for a new garbage truck packer, and the defendant subsequently manufactured a number of the developed units for the plaintiff before announcing that he would manufacture garbage truck bodies in competition with the plaintiff.

22017–2017
Browne & Co. v. John P. Sharkey Co. neutral
or · 1911
2 sentences

2017In Browne & Co. v. John P. Sharkey Co., 58 Or 480, 482 , 115 P 156 (1911), for example, when a contract was silent as to the time of performance, this court applied a default rule that performance must be completed within reasonable time.

2017In Browne & Co. v. John P. Sharkey Co., 58 Or 480, 482 , 115 P 156 (1911), for example, when a contract was silent as to the time of performance, this court applied a default rule that performance must be completed within reasonable time.

22017–2017
Commissioner v. Schleier green
scotus · 1995
2 sentences

2012The United States Supreme Court has “also emphasized the corollary to § 61(a)’s broad construction, namely, the default rule of statutory interpretation that exclusions from income must be narrowly construed.” Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Schleier, 515 US 323, 328 , 115 S Ct 2159 , 132 L Ed 2d 294 (1995) (quoting Burke, 504 US at 248 , 112 S Ct at 1867 ) (internal quotations omitted) (superseded on other grounds by statute, The Small Business Protection Act of 1996, Pub L No 104-188 §1605, 110 Stat 1838).

2012The United States Supreme Court has “also emphasized the corollary to § 61(a)’s broad construction, namely, the default rule of statutory interpretation that exclusions from income must be narrowly construed.” Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Schleier, 515 US 323, 328 , 115 S Ct 2159 , 132 L Ed 2d 294 (1995) (quoting Burke, 504 US at 248 , 112 S Ct at 1867 ) (internal quotations omitted) (superseded on other grounds by statute, The Small Business Protection Act of 1996, Pub L No 104-188 §1605, 110 Stat 1838).

22003–2012
United States v. Burke red
scotus · 1992
2 sentences

2012The United States Supreme Court has “also emphasized the corollary to § 61(a)’s broad construction, namely, the default rule of statutory interpretation that exclusions from income must be narrowly construed.” Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Schleier, 515 US 323, 328 , 115 S Ct 2159 , 132 L Ed 2d 294 (1995) (quoting Burke, 504 US at 248 , 112 S Ct at 1867 ) (internal quotations omitted) (superseded on other grounds by statute, The Small Business Protection Act of 1996, Pub L No 104-188 §1605, 110 Stat 1838).

2012The United States Supreme Court has “also emphasized the corollary to § 61(a)’s broad construction, namely, the default rule of statutory interpretation that exclusions from income must be narrowly construed.” Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Schleier, 515 US 323, 328 , 115 S Ct 2159 , 132 L Ed 2d 294 (1995) (quoting Burke, 504 US at 248 , 112 S Ct at 1867 ) (internal quotations omitted) (superseded on other grounds by statute, The Small Business Protection Act of 1996, Pub L No 104-188 §1605, 110 Stat 1838).

22003–2012
Mitchell v. Wisconsin green
scotus · 2019
2 sentences

2022Here, no one in the field made a considered judgment that exigencies justified a departure from McNeely’s 1 Mitchell v. Wisconsin, 588 US ___ , 139 S Ct 2525, 2531 , 204 L Ed 2d 1040 (2019), establishes a different rule for blood draws from a driver in a drunk-driving case who is unconscious: “[W]hen a driver is unconscious, the general rule is that a warrant is not needed.” Although the state typically bears the burden of proving that an exception to the warrant requirement applies, Mitchell appears to have altered that rule in the case of unconscious drivers, establishing a default rule allo

2022Here, no one in the field made a considered judgment that exigencies justified a departure from McNeely’s 1 Mitchell v. Wisconsin, 588 US ___ , 139 S Ct 2525, 2531 , 204 L Ed 2d 1040 (2019), establishes a different rule for blood draws from a driver in a drunk-driving case who is unconscious: “[W]hen a driver is unconscious, the general rule is that a warrant is not needed.” Although the state typically bears the burden of proving that an exception to the warrant requirement applies, Mitchell appears to have altered that rule in the case of unconscious drivers, establishing a default rule allo

12022–2022
State v. Owen green
or · 2022
1 sentence

2022As the lead opinion acknowledges, the 1971 Legislative Assembly enacted the general culpability statutes, now codified at ORS 161.085 to 161.125, to provide “a uniform statutory scheme for determining which elements of an offense require which culpable mental states.” 370 Or at 142 (Flynn, J., lead opinion) (citing Owen, 369 Or at 295 ).

12022–2022
In re the Marriage of Brush green
orccclackamas · 2016
1 sentence

2018Brush and Brush , 279 Or.

12018–2018
Coca Cola Company v. Department of Revenue green
or · 1975
2 sentences

2018The taxpayer argued the department had not carried that burden.22 On the issue for the 1965 and 1966 years, the Supreme Court characterized the argument of the tax- payers as having been that “combined reporting is contrary to the apportionment set out in the statute.” The Supreme Court then stated: 20 Note that in this regard the parties in Coca Cola stood in positions parallel to those the parties in this case occupy—agreement by both as to apportionment but differing views on some version of combined reporting. 21 In 1965, Oregon adopted ORS 314.670, which provided: “If the allocation and a

2018The taxpayer argued the department had not carried that burden.22 On the issue for the 1965 and 1966 years, the Supreme Court characterized the argument of the tax- payers as having been that “combined reporting is contrary to the apportionment set out in the statute.” The Supreme Court then stated: 20 Note that in this regard the parties in Coca Cola stood in positions parallel to those the parties in this case occupy—agreement by both as to apportionment but differing views on some version of combined reporting. 21 In 1965, Oregon adopted ORS 314.670, which provided: “If the allocation and a

12018–2018
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council green
scotus · 1992
2 sentences

2007Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US 1003, 1015 , 112 S Ct 2886 , 120 L Ed 2d 798 (1992). 4 As the Court more recently explained, “the categorical rule in Lucas was carved out for the ‘extraordinary case’ in which a regulation permanently deprives property of all value; the default rule remains that, in the regulatory takings context, we require a more fact specific inquiry.” Tahoe-Sierra P. Council v. TRPA, 535 US 302, 333 , 122 S Ct 1465 , 152 L Ed 2d 517 (2002).

2007Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US 1003, 1015 , 112 S Ct 2886 , 120 L Ed 2d 798 (1992). 4 As the Court more recently explained, “the categorical rule in Lucas was carved out for the ‘extraordinary case’ in which a regulation permanently deprives property of all value; the default rule remains that, in the regulatory takings context, we require a more fact specific inquiry.” Tahoe-Sierra P. Council v. TRPA, 535 US 302, 333 , 122 S Ct 1465 , 152 L Ed 2d 517 (2002).

12007–2007
Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency green
scotus · 2002
2 sentences

2007Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US 1003, 1015 , 112 S Ct 2886 , 120 L Ed 2d 798 (1992). 4 As the Court more recently explained, “the categorical rule in Lucas was carved out for the ‘extraordinary case’ in which a regulation permanently deprives property of all value; the default rule remains that, in the regulatory takings context, we require a more fact specific inquiry.” Tahoe-Sierra P. Council v. TRPA, 535 US 302, 333 , 122 S Ct 1465 , 152 L Ed 2d 517 (2002).

2007Carolina Coastal Council, 505 US 1003, 1015 , 112 S Ct 2886 , 120 L Ed 2d 798 (1992). 4 As the Court more recently explained, “the categorical rule in Lucas was carved out for the ‘extraordinary case’ in which a regulation permanently deprives property of all value; the default rule remains that, in the regulatory takings context, we require a more fact specific inquiry.” Tahoe-Sierra P. Council v. TRPA, 535 US 302, 333 , 122 S Ct 1465 , 152 L Ed 2d 517 (2002).

12007–2007
Graves v. Arnado green
or · 1989
2 sentences

2006Absent such a term, the default standard for terminating a county employee or sheriffs deputy is “at will.” See ORS 204.601; ORS 204.635; Graves v. Arnado, 307 Or 358, 362 , 768 P2d 910 (1989).

2006Absent such a term, the default standard for terminating a county employee or sheriffs deputy is “at will.” See ORS 204.601; ORS 204.635; Graves v. Arnado, 307 Or 358, 362 , 768 P2d 910 (1989).

12006–2006
Yogman v. Parrott green
or · 1997
2 sentences

1998In construing a contract, we apply the test set out in Yogman v. Parrott, 325 Or 358 , 937 P2d 1019 (1997).

1998In construing a contract, we apply the test set out in Yogman v. Parrott, 325 Or 358 , 937 P2d 1019 (1997).

11998–1998
Norton Et Ux. v. Van Voorst Et Ux. neutral
or · 1951
2 sentences

1977As this court’s decision in Norton et ux v. Van Voorst et ux, 191 Or 577 , 231 P2d 947 (1951), indicates, even if the default clause did not provide an automatic right to strict foreclosure upon plaintiff’s default in their obligation to pay the taxes, plaintiffs’ vendor would still have had a right to the remedy of strict foreclosure upon giving notice of his intention to invoke that remedy and providing a reasonable opportunity to cure the breach.

1977As this court’s decision in Norton et ux v. Van Voorst et ux, 191 Or 577 , 231 P2d 947 (1951), indicates, even if the default clause did not provide an automatic right to strict foreclosure upon plaintiff’s default in their obligation to pay the taxes, plaintiffs’ vendor would still have had a right to the remedy of strict foreclosure upon giving notice of his intention to invoke that remedy and providing a reasonable opportunity to cure the breach.

11977–1977
Longfellow v. Huffman green
or · 1907
11923–1923
Catlin v. Jones green
or · 1906
2 sentences

1923Not as a basis of decision but as a criticism on pleading that may or may not be helpful in case of further litigation, the writer makes the following suggestions: It is well settled that in declaring upon such a contract seeking to recover damages for its breach, the plaintiff must allege full performance or readiness and ability to perform on Ms part, so far as permitted by the defendant, before he can put the latter in default and claim damages as for the breach of the stipulation: Davis Lumber Company v. Coats Lumber Company, supra, citing Catlin v. Jones, 48 Or. 158 ( 85 Pac. 515 ); Longf

1923Not as a basis of decision but as a criticism on pleading that may or may not be helpful in case of further litigation, the writer makes the following suggestions: It is well settled that in declaring upon such a contract seeking to recover damages for its breach, the plaintiff must allege full performance or readiness and ability to perform on Ms part, so far as permitted by the defendant, before he can put the latter in default and claim damages as for the breach of the stipulation: Davis Lumber Company v. Coats Lumber Company, supra, citing Catlin v. Jones, 48 Or. 158 ( 85 Pac. 515 ); Longf

11923–1923
Mann v. Flynn green
or · 1912
2 sentences

1923Not as a basis of decision but as a criticism on pleading that may or may not be helpful in case of further litigation, the writer makes the following suggestions: It is well settled that in declaring upon such a contract seeking to recover damages for its breach, the plaintiff must allege full performance or readiness and ability to perform on Ms part, so far as permitted by the defendant, before he can put the latter in default and claim damages as for the breach of the stipulation: Davis Lumber Company v. Coats Lumber Company, supra, citing Catlin v. Jones, 48 Or. 158 ( 85 Pac. 515 ); Longf

1923Not as a basis of decision but as a criticism on pleading that may or may not be helpful in case of further litigation, the writer makes the following suggestions: It is well settled that in declaring upon such a contract seeking to recover damages for its breach, the plaintiff must allege full performance or readiness and ability to perform on Ms part, so far as permitted by the defendant, before he can put the latter in default and claim damages as for the breach of the stipulation: Davis Lumber Company v. Coats Lumber Company, supra, citing Catlin v. Jones, 48 Or. 158 ( 85 Pac. 515 ); Longf

11923–1923
Shafer v. Beecher neutral
or · 1909
11909–1909

Statutes the citing opinions construe

OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 161.085 (8) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 161.095 (8) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 161.115 (7) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 161.105 (4) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 163.325 (4) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 163.415 (4) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 163.425 (4) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 164.135 (4) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 137.370 (3) OR § Or. Rev. Stat. § 316.127 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 306 (1929–2026) TX 121 (1977–2026) IL 83 (1911–2026) FL 60 (1970–2026) DE 59 (1996–2026) NY 50 (1938–2026) WA 45 (1909–2025) OH 44 (1998–2026) PA 40 (1927–2026) MI 37 (2007–2026) AZ 31 (1969–2026) IA 30 (1976–2026) CT 30 (1991–2026) OR 29 (1909–2026) MO 28 (1986–2025) LA 26 (1982–2025) WI 25 (1997–2026) DC 25 (2001–2026) MD 22 (1986–2025) VA 21 (1989–2026) NC 20 (1896–2026) UT 17 (2002–2022) MA 17 (1927–2025) NJ 16 (1952–2025) MS 16 (1999–2024) GA 14 (1962–2026) MN 14 (1982–2025) NM 13 (1983–2023) CO 13 (1974–2026) AL 13 (1987–2023) AK 11 (1976–2026) SD 11 (1985–2024) IN 11 (1969–2025) ME 9 (1968–2022) MT 9 (1978–2016) ID 8 (1908–2025) WY 8 (2002–2025) KS 8 (2006–2026) ND 8 (1981–2014) HI 6 (1999–2024) TN 6 (1952–2024) SC 6 (2001–2025) NV 5 (2000–2026) NH 5 (1982–2025) KY 5 (2005–2024) WV 4 (2014–2024) NE 4 (1990–2024) OK 4 (2015–2022) RI 2 (2010–2010)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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