respondeat superior doctrine (Illinois) · Go Syfert
← Illinois issues

respondeat superior doctrine in Illinois

245 Illinois opinions name it 3 courts 1866–2025 13 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Illinois courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (36)

CaseFollowedCited
Pyne v. Witmergreen
ill · 1989 · cited in 18 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1992–2020
2 sentences

2003Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, an employer can be held vicariously liable for the tortious acts of its employees (Pyne v. Witmer, 129 Ill. 2d 351, 359 (1989)), including negligent, wilful, malicious, or even criminal acts of its employees when such acts are committed in the course of employment and in furtherance of the business of the employer (Brown v. King, 328 Ill.

2003Under the doctrine of respondeat superior , an employer can be held vicariously liable for the tortious acts of its employees ( Pyne v. Witmer , 129 Ill. 2d 351, 359 (1989)), including negligent, wilful, malicious, or even criminal acts of its employees when such acts are committed in the course of employment and in furtherance of the business of the employer ( Brown v. King , 328 Ill.

1318
Moy v. County of Cookgreen
ill · 1994 · cited in 16 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1996–2019
2 sentences

2019“When an action is brought against a master based on allegedly negligent acts of the servant and no independent wrong is charged on behalf of the master, liability is entirely derivative, being founded upon the doctrine of respondeat superior.” Moy v. County of Cook, 159 Ill. 2d 519, 524 (1994); Sperl v. C.H.

2011“When an action is brought against a master based on allegedly negligent acts of the servant and no independent wrong is charged on behalf of the master, liability is entirely derivative, being founded upon the doctrine of respondeat superior.” Moy v. County of Cook, 159 Ill. 2d 519, 524 (1994).

1116
Woods v. Colegreen
ill · 1998 · cited in 15 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2004–2023
2 sentences

2023Id. “ ‘Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, a principal may be held liable for the tortious actions of an agent which cause a plaintiff’s injury, even if the principal does not himself [or herself] engage in any conduct in relation to the plaintiff.’ ” Id. (quoting Woods v. Cole, 181 Ill. 2d 512, 517 (1998)). ¶ 26 A principal is vicariously liable for the conduct of its agent but not for the conduct of an independent contractor.

2017“Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, a principal may be held liable for the tortious actions of an agent which cause a plaintiff’s injury, even if the principal does not himself engage in any conduct in relation to the plaintiff.” Woods v. Cole, 181 Ill. 2d 512, 517 (1998).

1115
Vancura v. Katrisgreen
ill · 2010 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2014–2020
2 sentences

2020Vancura v. Katris, 238 Ill. 2d 352, 375 (2010).

2018Vancura v. Katris, 238 Ill. 2d 352, 375 (2010).

44
Carver v. Sheriff of La Salle Countygreen
ill · 2003 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2016–2017
2 sentences

2017See Carver, 203 Ill. 2d at 506-07, 515-16 ; Moy, 159 Ill. 2d at 523-25, 527-30 .

2016See Carver, 203 Ill. 2d at 506-07, 515-16 ; Moy, 159 Ill. 2d at 523-25, 527-30 .

44
Towns v. Yellow Cab Co.green
ill · 1978 · cited in 19 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1982–2025
2 sentences

2025See Towns, 73 Ill.2d at 124 (dismissal of employee for failure to exercise reasonable diligence in serving him was an adjudication on the merits and precluded holding defendant’s employer liable under doctrine of respondeat superior). ¶ 33 Other Claims Against Metropolis ¶ 34 Keefe argues the trial court erred in dismissing his claims against Metropolis for defamation, false light invasion of privacy, and negligent infliction of emotional distress.

2006App. 3d at 559 , 732 N.E.2d at 118 , citing Towns v. Yellow Cab Co., 73 Ill. 2d 113, 123-24 , 382 N.E.2d 1217, 1221 (1978) (wherein 11 No. 1-04-3155 the court stated: "When an action is brought against a master based on the alleged negligent acts of his servant, and no independent wrong is charged on behalf of the master, his liability is entirely derivative, being founded upon the doctrine of respondeat superior.

319
American Nat. Bank and Trust Co. v. Columbus-Cuneo-Cabrini Medical Centergreen
ill · 1993 · cited in 12 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1993–2019
2 sentences

2018App. 3d 497, 502 (1996) (“Contribution contemplates the distribution -7- of liability for a loss among joint tortfeasors according to each tortfeasor’s percentage of relative fault.”). ¶ 28 When a principal is held vicariously liable for its agent’s conduct (for example, when an employer is held liable for its employee’s negligence under the doctrine of respondeat superior), the principal is not “at fault in fact.” American National Bank, 154 Ill. 2d at 354 .

2017App. 3d 497 , 502, 217 Ill.Dec. 775 , 667 N.E.2d 1351 (1996) ("Contribution contemplates the distribution of liability for a loss among joint tortfeasors according to each tortfeasor's percentage of relative fault."). ¶ 28 When a principal is held vicariously liable for its agent's conduct (for example, when an employer is held liable for its employee's negligence under the doctrine of respondeat superior ), the principal is not "at fault in fact." American National Bank , 154 Ill. 2d at 354 , 181 Ill.Dec. 917 , 609 N.E.2d 285 .

312
Palmer v. Millergreen
ill · 1942 · cited in 9 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1943–2003
2 sentences

2003See Palmer, 380 Ill. at 259-60 (holding that minor cannot establish relationship of master and servant and so cannot be held liable under doctrine of respondeat superior); see also Raglin v. HMO Illinois, Inc. (1992), 230 Ill.

2003"When an action is brought against a master based on allegedly negligent acts of the servant and no independent wrong is charged on behalf of the master, liability is entirely derivative, being founded upon the doctrine of respondeat superior . ( Kirk v. Michael Reese Hospital & Medical Center (1987), 117 Ill. 2d 507, 533 .) '[T]o impute the negligence of one person to another, such persons must stand in a relation of privity and there is no such thing as imputable negligence except in those cases where such a privity as master and servant or principal and agent exists.' ( Palmer v. Miller (19

39
Lawlor v. North American Corporation of Illinoisgreen
ill · 2013 · cited in 8 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2015–2024
2 sentences

2023“Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, a principal may be held liable for the tortious actions of an agent which cause a plaintiff’s injury, even if the principal does not himself engage in any conduct in relation to the plaintiff.” Lawlor v. North American Corp. of Illinois, 2012 IL 112530, ¶ 42 .

2015Lawlor v. North American Corp. of Illinois, 2012 IL 112530, ¶ 42 . " 'Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, a principal may be held liable for the tortious actions of an agent which cause a plaintiff's injury, even if the principal does not himself engage in any conduct in relation to the plaintiff.' " Id. (quoting Woods v. Cole, 181 Ill. 2d 512, 517 (1998)).

38
Sperl v. C.H. Robinson Worldwide, Inc.green
illappct · 2011 · cited in 6 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2017–2020
2 sentences

2020See Lawlor v. North American Corp. of Illinois, 2012 IL 112530, ¶ 42 ; Adames, 233 Ill. 2d at 298 ; Sperl, 408 Ill.

2019Robinson Worldwide, Inc., 408 Ill.

36
Davila v. Yellow Cab Co.green
illappct · 2002 · cited in 5 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2003–2014
2 sentences

2014Instead, the focus is on whether or not the act was performed within the “scope of employment.” ’ [Citation.] *** The term ‘scope of employment’ had not been precisely defined, but Illinois uses the following criteria in determining whether an act is within the scope of employment: ‘ “(1) Conduct of a servant is within the scope of employment if, but only if: (a) it is of the kind he is employed to perform; (b) it occurs substantially within the authorized time and space limits; (c) it is actuated, at least in part, by a purpose to serve the master ***[.] *** (2) Conduct of a servant is not wi

2014Instead, the focus is on whether or not the act was performed within the "scope of employment." ' [Citation.] *** 50 1-11-2615, 1-11-2616, 1-11-2617 & 1-11-2622 (cons.) The term 'scope of employment' had not been precisely defined, but Illinois uses the following criteria in determining whether an act is within the scope of employment: ' " (1) Conduct of a servant is within the scope of employment if, but only if: (a) it is of the kind he is employed to perform; (b) it occurs substantially within the authorized time and space limits; (c) it is actuated, at least in part, by a purpose to serve

35
Lang v. Silvagreen
illappct · 1999 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2002–2017
2 sentences

2017See, e.g., Lang v. Silva, 306 Ill.

2017See, e.g., Lang v. Silva, 306 Ill.

34
Raglin v. H M O Illinois, Inc.green
illappct · 1992 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1994–2003
2 sentences

2003See Palmer, 380 Ill. at 259-60 (holding that minor cannot establish relationship of master and servant and so cannot be held liable under doctrine of respondeat superior); see also Raglin v. HMO Illinois, Inc. (1992), 230 Ill.

2003See Palmer , 380 Ill. at 259-60 (holding that minor cannot establish relationship of master and servant and so cannot be held liable under doctrine of respondeat superior ); see also Raglin v. HMO Illinois, Inc (1992), 230 Ill.

33
Wilson v. Edward Hospitalgreen
ill · 2012 · cited in 5 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2014–2024
2 sentences

2020We hold that it does. 4 ¶ 19 Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, a principal or employer is generally subject to vicarious liability for the tortious conduct of its agent or employee only if the conduct “fell within the scope of the agency or employment.” Wilson, 2012 IL 112898, ¶ 18 .

2020We hold that it does. 4 ¶ 19 Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, a principal or employer is generally subject to vicarious liability for the tortious conduct of its agent or employee only if the conduct “fell within the scope of the agency or employment.” Wilson, 2012 IL 112898, ¶ 18 .

25
Brown v. Kinggreen
illappct · 2001 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2002–2003
2 sentences

2003Under the doctrine of respondeat superior, an employer can be held vicariously liable for the tortious acts of its employees (Pyne v. Witmer, 129 Ill. 2d 351, 359 (1989)), including negligent, wilful, malicious, or even criminal acts of its employees when such acts are committed in the course of employment and in furtherance of the business of the employer (Brown v. King, 328 Ill.

2003Under the doctrine of respondeat superior , an employer can be held vicariously liable for the tortious acts of its employees ( Pyne v. Witmer , 129 Ill. 2d 351, 359 (1989)), including negligent, wilful, malicious, or even criminal acts of its employees when such acts are committed in the course of employment and in furtherance of the business of the employer ( Brown v. King , 328 Ill.

24
Sunseri v. Pucciagreen
illappct · 1981 · cited in 4 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1982–2001
2 sentences

2001See, e.g., Sunseri v. Puccia, 97 Ill.

2001See, e.g. , Sunseri v. Puccia , 97 Ill.

24
Darner v. Colbygreen
ill · 1941 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1989–1992
2 sentences

1991The doctrine of respondeat superior is an exception to the general rule that a person injured by another's negligence may only seek redress from the individual who caused the injury. ( McConnell v. Freeman United Coal Co. (1990), 198 Ill. *581 App.3d 322, 325, 144 Ill.Dec. 474 , 555 N.E.2d 993 .) Under this doctrine a master is liable for the negligence of a servant or agent if the negligent act was committed within the scope of employment. ( Darner v. Colby (1941), 375 Ill. 558, 566 , 31 N.E.2d 950 .) Whether such a relationship exists is a factual question which will depend upon the relation

1991The doctrine of respondeat superior is an exception to the general rule that a person injured by another's negligence may only seek redress from the individual who caused the injury. ( McConnell v. Freeman United Coal Co. (1990), 198 Ill. *581 App.3d 322, 325, 144 Ill.Dec. 474 , 555 N.E.2d 993 .) Under this doctrine a master is liable for the negligence of a servant or agent if the negligent act was committed within the scope of employment. ( Darner v. Colby (1941), 375 Ill. 558, 566 , 31 N.E.2d 950 .) Whether such a relationship exists is a factual question which will depend upon the relation

23
Township of Jubilee v. State of Illinoisgreen
ill · 2011 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2018–2020
22
In re Parentage of Scarlett Z.-D.green
ill · 2015 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2018–2020
22
McClure v. Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp.green
ill · 1999 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
22
Loyola Academy v. S & S Roof Maintenance, Inc.green
ill · 1992 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
22
Jones v. Chicago HMO Ltd. of Illinoisgreen
ill · 2000 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
22
Hengels v. Gilskigreen
illappct · 1984 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
22
Bagent v. Blessing Care Corp.green
ill · 2007 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
22
Wilson v. St. Louis Area Councilgreen
moctapp · 1992 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
22
Mauch v. Kisslinggreen
washctapp · 1989 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
22
Glover Ex Rel. Dyson v. Boy Scouts of Americagreen
utah · 1996 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
22
Alessi v. Boy Scouts of America Greater Niagara Frontier Council, Inc.green
nyappdiv · 1998 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
22
Toledo, Wabash & Western Railway Co. v. Durkingreen
ill · 1875 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
22
Deloney v. Board of Education of Thornton Township, School District No. 205green
illappct · 1996 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1998–2012
2 sentences

2012See Deloney, 281 Ill.

2012See Deloney, 281 Ill.

13
Bank of America, NA v. Birdgreen
illappct · 2009 · cited in 3 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2009–2010
2 sentences

2010Bank of America, N.A. v. Bird, 392 Ill.

2009Co. v. Durkin, 76 Ill. 395, 396 (1875) (noting the existence of the “doctrine of respondeat superior” in both the courts of England and America); Bank of America, N.A. v. Bird, 392 Ill.

13
McNerney v. Allamuradovgreen
illappct · 2017 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2023–2025
2 sentences

2025McNerney v. Allamuradov, 2017 IL App (1st) 153515, ¶ 67 .

2023See McNerney v. Allamuradov, 2017 IL App (1st) 153515, ¶ 67 .

12
Santho v. Boy Scouts of Americagreen
ohioctapp · 2006 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
12
Griffin v. Fluellengreen
illappct · 1996 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
12
Kocsis v. Harrisongreen
neb · 1996 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
12
Webb v. Jewel Companies, Inc.green
illappct · 1985 · cited in 2 Illinois opinions naming this issue, 1988–1996
12

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Illinois. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (44)

CaseCitedYears
Elmore v. Drainage Commissioners green
ill · 1890
2 sentences

1921The rule that the doctrine of respondeat superior does not apply to the State has been upheld in many decisions of our Supreme Court, among which are the following: Elmore v. Drainage Commissioners, 135 Ill., 269 .

1919The State is not liable in this kind of a case for the reason that ‘the doctrine of respondeat superior does not apply to the State’, Elmore v. Drainage Commissioners, 135 Ill., 269 .

61902–1921
City of Chicago v. Dermody neutral
ill · 1871
2 sentences

1915Therefore, under the foregoing decisions (City of Chicago v. Joney, 60 Ill. 383 , and City of Chicago v. Dermody, 61 Ill. 431 , supra), Duffy was not an independent contractor, and for his negligence the doctrine of respondeat superior must apply. ’ ’ The very language in the contract quoted by the court in the Murdock case, supra, was construed in the Foster case, supra, by Judge Freeman of the Appellate Court as merely reserving to the city the right to generally supervise the work so as to insure compliance with the contract and to obtain the result called for thereby.

1904Therefore, under the foregoing decisions, (City of Chicago v. Joney, and City of Chicago v. Dermody, supra,) Duffy was not an independent contractor, and for his negligence the doctrine of respondeat superior must apply.

51877–1915
Bristow v. Griffitts Construction Co. green
illappct · 1986
2 sentences

2010Accordingly, the court held that where a plaintiff brings a respondeat superior claim against a principal, “any settlement between the agent and the plaintiff must also extinguish the principal’s vicarious liability.” American National Bank & Trust Co., 154 Ill. 2d at 355 , citing Bristow v. Griffitts Construction Co., 140 Ill.

2010Accordingly, the court held that where a plaintiff brings a respondeat superior claim against a principal, “any settlement between the agent and the plaintiff must also extinguish the principal’s vicarious liability.” American National Bank & Trust Co., 154 Ill. 2d at 355 , citing Bristow v. Griffitts Construction Co., 140 Ill.

42004–2010
Kirk v. Michael Reese Hospital & Medical Center green
ill · 1987
2 sentences

2003"When an action is brought against a master based on allegedly negligent acts of the servant and no independent wrong is charged on behalf of the master, liability is entirely derivative, being founded upon the doctrine of respondeat superior . ( Kirk v. Michael Reese Hospital & Medical Center (1987), 117 Ill. 2d 507, 533 .) '[T]o impute the negligence of one person to another, such persons must stand in a relation of privity and there is no such thing as imputable negligence except in those cases where such a privity as master and servant or principal and agent exists.' ( Palmer v. Miller (19

1994Respondeat Superior When an action is brought against a master based on allegedly negligent acts of the servant and no independent wrong is charged on behalf of the master, liability is entirely derivative, being founded upon the doctrine of respondeat superior. ( Kirk v. Michael Reese Hospital & Medical Center (1987), 117 Ill.2d 507, 533 , 111 Ill.Dec. 944 , 513 N.E.2d 387 .) "[T]o impute the negligence of one person to another, such persons must stand in a relation of privity and there is no such thing as imputable negligence except in those cases where such a privity as master and servant o

41992–2003
Wilcox v. City of Chicago green
ill · 1883
2 sentences

1943(Wilcox v. City of Chicago, 107 Ill. 334 ; Culver v. City of Streator, 130 id. 238.) The injury to plaintiff did not arise from negligence in the use of the hydrant for the purpose of extinguishing fire.

1912Wilcox v. City of Chicago, supra; City of Chicago v. Turner, 80 Ill. 419 ; Culver v. City of Streator, 130 Ill. 238 ; Craig v. City of Charleston, 180 Ill. 154 ; City of Chicago v. Williams, 182 Ill. 135 ; Brown v. District of Columbia, supra. In view of the conclusion thus reached, it is not necessary for us to discuss the question of notice to the city.

41903–1943
City of Chicago v. Joney neutral
ill · 1871
2 sentences

1915Therefore, under the foregoing decisions (City of Chicago v. Joney, 60 Ill. 383 , and City of Chicago v. Dermody, 61 Ill. 431 , supra), Duffy was not an independent contractor, and for his negligence the doctrine of respondeat superior must apply. ’ ’ The very language in the contract quoted by the court in the Murdock case, supra, was construed in the Foster case, supra, by Judge Freeman of the Appellate Court as merely reserving to the city the right to generally supervise the work so as to insure compliance with the contract and to obtain the result called for thereby.

1902In the case of City of Chicago v. Joney, 60 Ill. 383 , cited in behalf of appellant, it was found by the court that there ‘was dependence,—subserviency,—in the contractors, and for their negligence the doctrine of respondeat superior must apply.’ In City of Chicago v. Dermody, 61 Ill. 431 , it was found that by the statute then in force, as well as by ordinance, the board of public works was required to take charge of the work, and it was their duty to see that it was performed according to the plans and specifications, the deviation from which caused the injury complained of, and the same doc

41871–1915
RANDI F. v. High Ridge YMCA green
illappct · 1988
2 sentences

2021On appeal, this court found that “sexual assault by its very nature precludes a conclusion that it occurred within the employee’s scope of employment under the doctrine of respondeat superior. [Citation.] That is, [the teacher’s] alleged sexual assault of plaintiff cannot be said to have furthered defendant’s business.” (Emphasis in original.) Id. ¶ 30. ¶ 24 Also, in Randi F. v. High Ridge YMCA, 170 Ill.

1997Randi F. v. High Ridge YMCA, 170 Ill.

31997–2021
Edgar County Bank & Trust Co. v. Paris Hospital, Inc. green
ill · 1974
2 sentences

2010App. 3d 191 , 488 N.E.2d 332 (1986). -9- 1-08-2986 In Gilbert, our supreme court recognized that although its decision in American National Bank & Trust Co. held a plaintiff’s settlement with an agent extinguishes the principal’s vicarious liability, its prior holding in Edgar County Bank & Trust Co. v. Paris Hospital, Inc., 57 Ill. 2d 298 , 312 N.E.2d 259 (1974), still renewed the principal’s liability if the covenant not to sue the agent expressly reserved the plaintiff’s right to seek recovery from the principal.

2010App. 3d 191 , 488 N.E.2d 332 (1986). -9- 1-08-2986 In Gilbert, our supreme court recognized that although its decision in American National Bank & Trust Co. held a plaintiff’s settlement with an agent extinguishes the principal’s vicarious liability, its prior holding in Edgar County Bank & Trust Co. v. Paris Hospital, Inc., 57 Ill. 2d 298 , 312 N.E.2d 259 (1974), still renewed the principal’s liability if the covenant not to sue the agent expressly reserved the plaintiff’s right to seek recovery from the principal.

31986–2010
Braden v. Shell Oil Co. neutral
illappct · 1960
2 sentences

1965Subsequent cases applying the Kennerly decision have held that control of the structural activities is not a relevant factor (Pankey v. Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc., 167 F Supp 609 (1958)), and that the effect of the act was to impose an absolute, and independent, nondelegable duty of compliance beyond the doctrine of respondeat superior, and irrespective of whether control has been given to an independent contractor. *459 In Braden v. Shell Oil Co., 24 Ill.

1961The Kennerly case has been uniformly interpreted by the Federal and Illinois Appellate Courts,, with the exception of the court below, as imposing an absolute, and independent nondelegable duty of compliance on owners, beyond the doctrine of respondeat superior, and irrespective of whether control has been given to an independent contractor. ( Schmid v. United States 273 F.2d 172 ; Pankey v. Hiram Walker & Sons, 167 F. Supp. 609 ; Bounougias v. Republic Steel Corp. (7th cir.), 277 F.2d 726 ; Braden v. Shell Oil Co. 24 Ill.

31961–1965
Pankey v. Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc. neutral
ilsd · 1958
2 sentences

1965Subsequent cases applying the Kennerly decision have held that control of the structural activities is not a relevant factor (Pankey v. Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc., 167 F Supp 609 (1958)), and that the effect of the act was to impose an absolute, and independent, nondelegable duty of compliance beyond the doctrine of respondeat superior, and irrespective of whether control has been given to an independent contractor. *459 In Braden v. Shell Oil Co., 24 Ill.

1965Subsequent cases applying the Kennerly decision have held that control of the structural activities is not a relevant factor (Pankey v. Hiram Walker & Sons, Inc., 167 F Supp 609 (1958)), and that the effect of the act was to impose an absolute, and independent, nondelegable duty of compliance beyond the doctrine of respondeat superior, and irrespective of whether control has been given to an independent contractor.

31961–1965
Sperl v. Henry green
ill · 2018
22022–2024
Mashal v. City of Chicago green
ill · 2012
22018–2020
In re Haley D. green
ill · 2011
22018–2020
Petrovich v. Share Health Plan of Illinois, Inc. green
ill · 1999
22015–2015
Kellerman v. MCI Telecommunications Corp. green
ill · 1986
22013–2013
Pyskaty v. Oyama green
illappct · 1994
22011–2011
Hudson v. City of Chicago green
ill · 2008
22011–2011
Anderson v. Boy Scouts of America, Inc. green
illappct · 1992
22010–2010
Alms v. Baum green
illappct · 2003
22007–2007
Merritt v. Randall Painting Co. green
illappct · 2000
22006–2006
Mitchell v. Norman James Construction Co. green
illappct · 1997
22001–2001
Doe v. Samaritan Counseling Center green
alaska · 1990
21998–1998
Samuels v. Southern Baptist Hosp. green
lactapp · 1992
21998–1998
City of North Chicago v. North Chicago News, Inc. green
illappct · 1982
21997–1997
Monell v. New York City Dept. of Social Servs. green
scotus · 1978
21987–1994
Holda v. County of Kane green
illappct · 1980
21991–1994
Metzler v. Layton green
ill · 1939
21987–1993
Gomien v. Wear-Ever Aluminum, Inc. green
ill · 1971
21989–1992
Alford v. Phipps green
illappct · 1988
21992–1992
Holcomb v. Flavin green
ill · 1966
21986–1986
Lasko v. Meier green
ill · 1946
21973–1981
Kelly v. Ogilvie green
ill · 1966
21975–1976
Boucher v. Thomsen green
mich · 1950
21965–1966
Ellis v. Jewett Rhodes Motor Co. green
calctapp · 1938
21965–1966
Vincent W. Schmid v. United States of America, and Third Party Loren'mike' Krause Construction Company, Inc., Third Party green
· 1959
21961–1961
cluster 250798 green
ca3 · 1960
21961–1961
McHale v. McQuigg neutral
illappct · 1925
21927–1928
Johnson v. Magnuson neutral
illappct · 1897
21901–1926
Schmidt v. Balling neutral
illappct · 1900
21925–1926
Herman Berghoff Brewing Co. v. Przbylski neutral
illappct · 1899
21925–1926

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IL § 735 ILCS 5/2-1005 (36) IL § 735 ILCS 5/2-619 (18) IL § 735 ILCS 5/2-615 (12) IL § 735 ILCS 5/2-616 (9) IL § 820 ILCS 305/1 (9) IL § 740 ILCS 100/2 (8)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

NY 391 (1876–2026) CA 298 (1889–2026) IL 245 (1866–2025) OH 215 (1883–2026) TX 184 (1876–2026) GA 165 (1928–2026) NC 119 (1902–2026) FL 105 (1920–2026) AL 104 (1914–2025) LA 96 (1927–2025) MO 92 (1874–2025) IN 87 (1864–2026) MI 81 (1911–2026) NJ 71 (1884–2026) VA 66 (1914–2025) CT 65 (1988–2026) WA 65 (1902–2026) AZ 65 (1938–2026) TN 61 (1924–2021) MD 52 (1934–2024) PA 46 (1891–2025) MA 44 (1920–2024) OR 42 (1902–2017) WI 42 (1922–2026) NM 39 (1939–2026) MN 38 (1897–2014) OK 37 (1912–2020) CO 37 (1928–2021) MS 34 (1884–2025) WV 32 (1898–2025) KS 30 (1909–2026) UT 30 (1926–2026) NE 28 (1912–2025) KY 27 (1928–2025) IA 25 (1903–2026) DC 24 (1945–2023) SC 20 (1923–2026) VT 18 (1890–2025) ID 16 (1962–2022) AR 16 (1906–2025) MT 14 (1932–2024) HI 13 (1957–2025) ND 12 (1935–2018) SD 12 (1932–2021) DE 11 (1951–2023) NH 11 (1985–2023) NV 9 (1978–2014) WY 9 (1980–2020) ME 8 (1923–2021) RI 8 (1949–2006) AK 7 (1971–2023) VI 4 (1998–2016)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

← Caselaw search · G Cite Topics · Brief Check