principle rule (Virginia) · Go Syfert
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principle rule in Virginia

35 Virginia opinions name it 6 courts 1840–2016 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Virginia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (14)

CaseFollowedCited
Rowe v. Com.green
va · 2009 · cited in 3 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016Rowe v. Commonwealth, 277 Va. 495, 502-503 (2009).” On February 5, 2015, after hearing argument on appellant’s motion, the trial court denied the motion and sentenced appellant on the grand larceny charge.

2016Rowe v. Commonwealth, 277 Va. 495, 502-503 (2009).” On February 5, 2015, after hearing argument on appellant’s motion, the trial court denied the motion and sentenced appellant on the grand larceny charge.

33
Smith v. Smithgreen
kyctapphigh · 1943 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
1 sentence

2014See Smith v. Smith, 173 S.W.2d 813 (Ky. 1943); Beall v. Hilliary, 1 Md. 186 (1851); Ballard v. Zachry, 187 S.E. 139 (Ga. Ct. App. 1936); 31 Am.

11
Johnson v. Commonwealthgreen
va · 1996 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011It Berglund is in fact controlling, under the interpanel accord doctrine, the “decision of one panel ‘becomes a predicate for application of the doctrine of stare decisis’ and cannot be overruled except by the Court of Appeals sitting en banc or by the Virginia Supreme Court.” Clinchfield Coal Co., 40 Va.App. at 73 , 577 S.E.2d at 540 (quoting Johnson v. Commonwealth, 252 Va. 425, 430 , 478 S.E.2d 539, 541 (1996)). 3 *320 The phrase ratio decidendi, Latin for “the reason for the decision,” means “the principle or rule of law on which a court’s decision is founded.” Black’s Law Dictionary 1290

2011It Berglund is in fact controlling, under the interpanel accord doctrine, the “decision of one panel ‘becomes a predicate for application of the doctrine of stare decisis’ and cannot be overruled except by the Court of Appeals sitting en banc or by the Virginia Supreme Court.” Clinchfield Coal Co., 40 Va.App. at 73 , 577 S.E.2d at 540 (quoting Johnson v. Commonwealth, 252 Va. 425, 430 , 478 S.E.2d 539, 541 (1996)). 3 *320 The phrase ratio decidendi, Latin for “the reason for the decision,” means “the principle or rule of law on which a court’s decision is founded.” Black’s Law Dictionary 1290

11
Breeden v. Commonwealthgreen
vactapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See id. at 554-55 , 100 S.E.2d at 705 (“It appears that none of the cited cases lays down the principle that such an instruction must be -4- sound discretion and will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion.’” Michels v. Commonwealth, 47 Va. App. 461, 465 , 624 S.E.2d 675, 678 (2006) (quoting Breeden v. Commonwealth, 43 Va. App. 169, 184 , 596 S.E.2d 563, 570 (2004)).

2010See id. at 554-55 , 100 S.E.2d at 705 (“It appears that none of the cited cases lays down the principle that such an instruction must be -4- sound discretion and will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion.’” Michels v. Commonwealth, 47 Va. App. 461, 465 , 624 S.E.2d 675, 678 (2006) (quoting Breeden v. Commonwealth, 43 Va. App. 169, 184 , 596 S.E.2d 563, 570 (2004)).

11
Simpson v. Commonwealthgreen
va · 1957 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See id. at 554-55 , 100 S.E.2d at 705 (“It appears that none of the cited cases lays down the principle that such an instruction must be -4- sound discretion and will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion.’” Michels v. Commonwealth, 47 Va. App. 461, 465 , 624 S.E.2d 675, 678 (2006) (quoting Breeden v. Commonwealth, 43 Va. App. 169, 184 , 596 S.E.2d 563, 570 (2004)).

2010See id. at 554-55 , 100 S.E.2d at 705 (“It appears that none of the cited cases lays down the principle that such an instruction must be -4- sound discretion and will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion.’” Michels v. Commonwealth, 47 Va. App. 461, 465 , 624 S.E.2d 675, 678 (2006) (quoting Breeden v. Commonwealth, 43 Va. App. 169, 184 , 596 S.E.2d 563, 570 (2004)).

11
Michels v. Commonwealthgreen
vactapp · 2006 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See id. at 554-55 , 100 S.E.2d at 705 (“It appears that none of the cited cases lays down the principle that such an instruction must be -4- sound discretion and will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion.’” Michels v. Commonwealth, 47 Va. App. 461, 465 , 624 S.E.2d 675, 678 (2006) (quoting Breeden v. Commonwealth, 43 Va. App. 169, 184 , 596 S.E.2d 563, 570 (2004)).

2010See id. at 554-55 , 100 S.E.2d at 705 (“It appears that none of the cited cases lays down the principle that such an instruction must be -4- sound discretion and will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion.’” Michels v. Commonwealth, 47 Va. App. 461, 465 , 624 S.E.2d 675, 678 (2006) (quoting Breeden v. Commonwealth, 43 Va. App. 169, 184 , 596 S.E.2d 563, 570 (2004)).

11
Massey Builders Supply Corp. v. Colgangreen
vactapp · 2001 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
2 sentences

2009See Massey Builders Supply Corp. v. Colgan, 36 Va. App. 496, 503-06 , 553 S.E.2d 146, 150-51 (2001) (noting the principle that a claim for benefits need not be filed on any particular form or even in a single document if the documents, construed together, contain sufficient information to constitute a claim).

2009See Massey Builders Supply Corp. v. Colgan, 36 Va. App. 496, 503-06 , 553 S.E.2d 146, 150-51 (2001) (noting the principle that a claim for benefits need not be filed on any particular form or even in a single document if the documents, construed together, contain sufficient information to constitute a claim).

11
Masche v. Nicholsgreen
va · 1949 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
1 sentence

2000Acknowledging this principle and the exception to it, the Supreme Court, in 1984 found that even if a seller makes material misrepresentations to a buyer, if these misrepresentations do not “divert” the buyer from making further inquiry or inspection, the exception to the doctrine does not apply and the buyer will not “be heard to say that he relied upon ¡ the previous misrepresentations of fact.” Watson, 226 Va. at 619 (quoting Masche v. Nichols, 188 Va. 857, 868 (1949)).

11
Cassady v. Martingreen
va · 1980 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998See Cassady v. Martin, 220 Va. 1093, 1098 , 266 S.E.2d 104, 106 (1980) (citing Scott and stating that “in our view, ... it was for the jury to say whether the presumption of legitimacy had been overcome”). 21 We conclude from the co-existence of “Thayer theory” presumptions and “Morgan theory” presumptions in Virginia law that, in practice, the Supreme Court follows the approach advocated by commentators on the common law rules of evidence: there is no single rule governing the effect of all presumptions; instead, the effect of a particular presumption on the burdens of production and persuasi

1998See Cassady v. Martin, 220 Va. 1093, 1098 , 266 S.E.2d 104, 106 (1980) (citing Scott and stating that “in our view, ... it was for the jury to say whether the presumption of legitimacy had been overcome”). 21 We conclude from the co-existence of “Thayer theory” presumptions and “Morgan theory” presumptions in Virginia law that, in practice, the Supreme Court follows the approach advocated by commentators on the common law rules of evidence: there is no single rule governing the effect of all presumptions; instead, the effect of a particular presumption on the burdens of production and persuasi

11
Wright v. Castlesgreen
va · 1986 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998See Wright v. Curtis, 232 Va. 218 , 349 S.E.2d 125 (1986); see also, Seniors Coalition v. Seniors Foundation, Inc., 39 Va. Cir. 344 (Fairfax 1996).

1998See Wright v. Curtis, 232 Va. 218 , 349 S.E.2d 125 (1986); see also, Seniors Coalition v. Seniors Foundation, Inc., 39 Va. Cir. 344 (Fairfax 1996).

11
Seniors Coalition, Inc. v. Seniors Foundation, Inc.green
vaccfairfax · 1996 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
1 sentence

1998See Wright v. Curtis, 232 Va. 218 , 349 S.E.2d 125 (1986); see also, Seniors Coalition v. Seniors Foundation, Inc., 39 Va. Cir. 344 (Fairfax 1996).

11
American Filtrona Co. v. Hanfordgreen
vactapp · 1993 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998“The simplest applica *670 tion of this principle is the rule that all the medical consequences and sequelae that flow from the primary injury are compensable.” American Filtrona Co. v. Hanford, 16 Va.App. 159, 163 , 428 S.E.2d 511, 513 (1993) (citation omitted) (emphasis added).

1998“The simplest applica *670 tion of this principle is the rule that all the medical consequences and sequelae that flow from the primary injury are compensable.” American Filtrona Co. v. Hanford, 16 Va.App. 159, 163 , 428 S.E.2d 511, 513 (1993) (citation omitted) (emphasis added).

11
Petcosky v. Bowmangreen
va · 1955 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1966–1966
2 sentences

1966Petcosky v. Bowman, 197 Va. 240, 248 , 89 S. E. 2d 4, 10, 11 , 60 A. L.

1966Petcosky v. Bowman, 197 Va. 240, 248 , 89 S. E. 2d 4, 10, 11 , 60 A. L.

11
Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Co. v. Stockgreen
va · 1905 · cited in 1 Virginia opinions naming this issue, 1924–1924
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Virginia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (29)

CaseCitedYears
Enders v. Brune neutral
vactapp · 1826
2 sentences

1880Upon this principle the case of Enders, &c., v. Brune, 4 Rand. 438 , was decided. 'And in applying the principle the rule is broad enough, it is said, to include every instance where one pays a *debt for which another is primarily answerable, and that should in equity and good conscience have been discharged by him. 1 Lead.

1880Upon this principle the case of Enders, &c., v. Brune, 4 Rand. 438 , was decided. 'And in applying the principle the rule is broad enough, it is said, to include every instance where one pays a *debt for which another is primarily answerable, and that should in equity and good conscience have been discharged by him. 1 Lead.

31880–1880
George v. Parker neutral
vactapp · 1827
2 sentences

1840George v. Parker, 4 Rand. 659 .

1840George v. Parker, 4 Rand. 659 .

31840–1840
Memorial Hospital, Inc. v. Oakes green
va · 1959
2 sentences

2004We resist that trend now, just as we did in 1959, in [Memorial Hospital v. Oakes, Adm’x, 200 Va. 878 , 108 S.E.2d 388 (1959)].

1994We resist that trend now, just as we did in 1959, in [Memorial Hospital v. Oakes, Adm’x, 200 Va. 878 , 108 S.E.2d 388 (1959)].

21994–2004
Memorial Hospital v. Oakes, Adm'x green
va · 1959
2 sentences

2004We resist that trend now, just as we did in 1959, in [Memorial Hospital v. Oakes, Adm’x, 200 Va. 878 , 108 S.E.2d 388 (1959)].

1994We resist that trend now, just as we did in 1959, in [Memorial Hospital v. Oakes, Adm’x, 200 Va. 878 , 108 S.E.2d 388 (1959)].

21994–2004
Ballard v. Zachry green
gactapp · 1936
1 sentence

2014See Smith v. Smith, 173 S.W.2d 813 (Ky. 1943); Beall v. Hilliary, 1 Md. 186 (1851); Ballard v. Zachry, 187 S.E. 139 (Ga. Ct. App. 1936); 31 Am.

12014–2014
Spalding's Lessee v. Reeder neutral
md · 1751
1 sentence

2014See Smith v. Smith, 173 S.W.2d 813 (Ky. 1943); Beall v. Hilliary, 1 Md. 186 (1851); Ballard v. Zachry, 187 S.E. 139 (Ga. Ct. App. 1936); 31 Am.

12014–2014
Clinchfield Coal Co. v. Reed green
vactapp · 2003
2 sentences

2011It Berglund is in fact controlling, under the interpanel accord doctrine, the “decision of one panel ‘becomes a predicate for application of the doctrine of stare decisis’ and cannot be overruled except by the Court of Appeals sitting en banc or by the Virginia Supreme Court.” Clinchfield Coal Co., 40 Va.App. at 73 , 577 S.E.2d at 540 (quoting Johnson v. Commonwealth, 252 Va. 425, 430 , 478 S.E.2d 539, 541 (1996)). 3 *320 The phrase ratio decidendi, Latin for “the reason for the decision,” means “the principle or rule of law on which a court’s decision is founded.” Black’s Law Dictionary 1290

2011It Berglund is in fact controlling, under the interpanel accord doctrine, the “decision of one panel ‘becomes a predicate for application of the doctrine of stare decisis’ and cannot be overruled except by the Court of Appeals sitting en banc or by the Virginia Supreme Court.” Clinchfield Coal Co., 40 Va.App. at 73 , 577 S.E.2d at 540 (quoting Johnson v. Commonwealth, 252 Va. 425, 430 , 478 S.E.2d 539, 541 (1996)). 3 *320 The phrase ratio decidendi, Latin for “the reason for the decision,” means “the principle or rule of law on which a court’s decision is founded.” Black’s Law Dictionary 1290

12011–2011
Saunders v. Baldwin green
va · 1911
2 sentences

2006Id. at 437-38 , 71 S.E. at 622 .

2006Id. at 437-38 , 71 S.E. at 622 .

12006–2006
Watson v. Avon Street Business Center, Inc. green
va · 1984
2 sentences

2000Acknowledging this principle and the exception to it, the Supreme Court, in 1984 found that even if a seller makes material misrepresentations to a buyer, if these misrepresentations do not “divert” the buyer from making further inquiry or inspection, the exception to the doctrine does not apply and the buyer will not “be heard to say that he relied upon ¡ the previous misrepresentations of fact.” Watson, 226 Va. at 619 (quoting Masche v. Nichols, 188 Va. 857, 868 (1949)).

2000Specifically, the Court stated “if a buyer, having received a positive representation of material fact, is directed to the sources of information and undertakes an examination of the facts for himself, he is charged with all the knowledge which he might have obtained had he pursued the inquiry diligently to the end.” Watson, 226 Va. at 619 .

12000–2000
Thalhimer Bros. v. Shaw green
va · 1931
2 sentences

2000Montgomery Ward, 165 Va. at 380-81 , 182 S.E. at 271 ; Thalhimer, 156 Va. at 870-71 , 159 S.E. at 90 .

2000Montgomery Ward, 165 Va. at 380-81 , 182 S.E. at 271 ; Thalhimer, 156 Va. at 870-71 , 159 S.E. at 90 .

12000–2000
Montgomery Ward & Co. v. Nance green
va · 1935
2 sentences

2000Montgomery Ward, 165 Va. at 380-81 , 182 S.E. at 271 ; Thalhimer, 156 Va. at 870-71 , 159 S.E. at 90 .

2000Montgomery Ward, 165 Va. at 380-81 , 182 S.E. at 271 ; Thalhimer, 156 Va. at 870-71 , 159 S.E. at 90 .

12000–2000
Amoco Foam Products Company v. Essie L. Johnson green
vactapp · 1997
1 sentence

1998Id. at 273-74 , 494 S.E.2d at 172-73 .

11998–1998
Worthington v. Scribner green
mass · 1872
1 sentence

1994In Vogel v. Gruaz, the United States Supreme Court cited the holding in Worthington v. Scribner, 109 Mass. 487 (1872), for the principle of the privilege.

11994–1994
Hickman v. Taylor green
scotus · 1947
1 sentence

1989In addition, the defendant OCF claimed that certain documents were entitled to the work product privilege delineated in Hickman v. Taylor [ 329 U.S. 495 (1947)].

11989–1989
Weston's Administratrix v. Hospital of St. Vincent green
va · 1921
2 sentences

1963That they [charities] should be exempt from liability to those who accept their benefits appears to be the opinion of nearly all of the courts of this country to which the question has been propounded, though they differ as to the reasoning by which the conclusion has been reached. 131 Va., at p. 601 ...... . . [W] e believe that the correct basis of the exemption is public policy....” 131 Va., atp. 609 .

1963That they [charities] should be exempt from liability to those who accept their benefits appears to be the opinion of nearly all of the courts of this country to which the question has been propounded, though they differ as to the reasoning by which the conclusion has been reached. 131 Va., at p. 601 ...... . . [W] e believe that the correct basis of the exemption is public policy....” 131 Va., atp. 609 .

11963–1963
Hickerson v. Burner green
va · 1947
2 sentences

1952In applying the principle that it is error for a juror to inform his fellow-jurors of material facts, based on his personal knowledge, it was said: ‘ ‘ Such is the respect which this court pays to the verdict of a jury that the trial courts should always be alert to see that the jurors are not subject to any unfair or improper influences, and that all of the testimony which tends to affect their conclusion shall be produced in open court.” We held in Hickerson v. Burner, 186 Va. 66 , 41 S. E. (2d) 451 , that whether a new trial should be granted, on the ground that one of the jurors had made a

1952In applying the principle that it is error for a juror to inform his fellow-jurors of material facts, based on his personal knowledge, it was said: "Such is the respect which this court pays to the verdict of a jury that the trial courts should always be alert to see that the jurors are not subject to any unfair or improper influences, and that all of the testimony which tends to affect their conclusion shall be produced in open court." We held in Hickerson Burner, 186 Va. 66 , 41 S.E.(2d) 451, that whether a new trial should be granted, on the ground that one of the jurors had made an unautho

11952–1952
Couch v. Southern Methodist University green
texapp · 1926
11939–1939
Virginian Railway Co. v. Avis green
va · 1919
2 sentences

1939App. 1926), 290 S. W. 256, 259 , we find the rule relative to restrictions embraced in a deed of dedication to be as follows: “It may be stated generally, that when a common grantor opens up a tract of land to be sold in lots and blocks, and before any lots are sold, inaugurates a general scheme of improvement for such entire tract intended to enhance the value of each lot, and each lot, subsequently sold by such grantor is made subject to such scheme of improvement, there is created and annexed to the entire tract what is termed a negative equitable easement, in which the several purchasers o

1939App. 1926), 290 S. W. 256, 259 , we find the rule relative to restrictions embraced in a deed of dedication to be as follows: “It may be stated generally, that when a common grantor opens up a tract of land to be sold in lots and blocks, and before any lots are sold, inaugurates a general scheme of improvement for such entire tract intended to enhance the value of each lot, and each lot, subsequently sold by such grantor is made subject to such scheme of improvement, there is created and annexed to the entire tract what is termed a negative equitable easement, in which the several purchasers o

11939–1939
Myers v. Commonwealth green
· 1922
11932–1932
James River Lumber Co. v. Smith Bros. green
va · 1923
11932–1932
Jolly v. Commonwealth green
· 1923
11932–1932
Scott v. Commonwealth green
va · 1925
11931–1931
Touchstone v. State green
gactapp · 1915
11927–1927
Southern Railway Co. v. Grubbs green
va · 1914
11927–1927
Virginia Railway & Power Co. v. McDemmick neutral
va · 1915
11927–1927
United States v. New River Collieries Co. green
scotus · 1923
11924–1924
Tennant v. Dunlop green
va · 1899
11916–1916
Jones v. Morris neutral
va · 1899
11911–1911
Vanlew v. Bohannan neutral
· 1826
11851–1851

Statutes the citing opinions construe

VA § Va. Code Ann. § 17.1-413 (5) VA § Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-58 (3) VA § Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-95 (3) VA § Va. Code Ann. § 19.2-220 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 285 (1889–2026) IL 99 (1873–2024) NY 84 (1835–2021) PA 55 (1834–2025) ID 47 (1920–2026) TX 47 (1897–2025) AL 37 (1851–2017) MO 37 (1877–2021) VA 35 (1840–2016) MT 33 (1898–2026) MD 30 (1878–2024) MI 29 (1876–2025) FL 29 (1849–2022) OK 29 (1909–2020) WV 27 (1905–2023) NJ 26 (1924–2025) WI 25 (1865–2022) CT 25 (1820–2022) IA 24 (1861–2022) WA 24 (1933–2022) UT 23 (1896–2024) LA 23 (1920–2025) NC 21 (1884–2026) OH 21 (1856–2025) TN 21 (1889–2024) GA 21 (1906–2025) OR 19 (1885–2008) MA 17 (1850–2020) KY 16 (1869–2007) IN 15 (1874–2013) NM 14 (1944–2021) KS 13 (1896–2024) NV 13 (1943–2019) MS 12 (1873–1987) CO 11 (1899–2025) NH 10 (1854–2002) MN 10 (1877–2026) ND 10 (1936–2022) AR 10 (1892–2012) AZ 9 (1946–2016) ME 9 (1894–2014) WY 8 (1910–2017) NE 8 (1898–2001) DE 5 (1923–2015) VT 5 (1853–2008) HI 5 (1896–2022) SC 5 (1932–1991) SD 4 (1890–1990) AK 3 (1977–1997) RI 3 (1980–1981) DC 3 (1999–2024)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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