preponderance standard (Iowa) · Go Syfert
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preponderance standard in Iowa

99 Iowa opinions name it 2 courts 1980–2025 3 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Iowa courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (16)

CaseFollowedCited
Iowa Supreme Court Board of Professional Ethics & Conduct v. Lettgreen
iowa · 2004 · cited in 73 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2005–2017
2 sentences

2017“This burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.” Id. (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)).

2013“This burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.” Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004).

7273
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Conradgreen
iowa · 2006 · cited in 29 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2007–2019
2 sentences

2010As frequently stated, “ ‘[t]his burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.’ ” Id. (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof’l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)).

2010As frequently stated, “ ‘This burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.’ ” Id. (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)).

929
Iowa Supreme Court Board of Professional Ethics & Conduct v. Ronwingreen
iowa · 1996 · cited in 6 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2012–2013
2 sentences

2013It is also a less stringent burden than clear and convincing evidence which is “the highest civil law standard of proof.” Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Ronwin, 557 N.W.2d 515, 517 (Iowa 1996).

2013It is also a less stringent burden than clear and convincing evidence which is “the highest civil law standard of proof.” Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Ronwin, 557 N.W.2d 515, 517 (Iowa 1996).

66
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. D'Angelogreen
iowa · 2006 · cited in 18 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2006–2010
2 sentences

2010A convincing preponderance of the evidence is “ „less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.‟ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att‟y Disciplinary Bd. v. D‟Angelo, 710 N.W.2d 226, 230 (Iowa 2006) (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof‟l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)).

2010A convincing preponderance of the evidence is “ ‘less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. D’Angelo, 710 N.W.2d 226, 230 (Iowa 2006) (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)).

318
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Kim Marlow Westgreen
iowa · 2017 · cited in 4 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2018–2020
2 sentences

2020“A convincing preponderance of the evidence is more than the typical preponderance standard in a civil case but less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt.” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. West, 901 N.W.2d 519, 522 (Iowa 2017).

2020“A convincing preponderance of the evidence is more than the typical preponderance standard in a civil case but less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt.” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. West, 901 N.W.2d 519, 522 (Iowa 2017).

24
State v. Beasleygreen
iowa · 1891 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2021–2025
2 sentences

2025To merit relief under chapter 236A, A.W. “must prove the allegation of sexual abuse by a preponderance of the evidence.” Iowa Code § 236A.6(1).6 The preponderance standard is “the lowest degree of proof upon which issues of fact are determined.” State v. Beasley, 50 N.W. 570, 570 (Iowa 5 “Scope of review” and “standard of review” are often used interchangeably.

2021Instead, the preponderance standard is “the lowest degree of proof upon which issues of fact are determined.” State v. Beasley, 50 N.W. 570, 570 (Iowa 1891).

22
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Deborah Lynn Johnsongreen
iowa · 2016 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020The Board must prove any alleged misconduct by a convincing preponderance of the evidence, which “is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in a civil case.” Id. “[T]he parties are bound by the stipulated facts, ‘which we interpret with reference to their subject matter and in light of the surrounding circumstances and the whole record.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Nine, 920 N.W.2d 825, 828 (Iowa 2018) (quoting 8 Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnson, 884 N.W.2d 772, 777 (Iowa 2016)).

2020The Board must prove any alleged misconduct by a convincing preponderance of the evidence, which “is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in a civil case.” Id. “[T]he parties are bound by the stipulated facts, ‘which we interpret with reference to their subject matter and in light of the surrounding circumstances and the whole record.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Nine, 920 N.W.2d 825, 828 (Iowa 2018) (quoting 8 Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnson, 884 N.W.2d 772, 777 (Iowa 2016)).

22
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Melissa Ninegreen
iowa · 2018 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020The Board must prove any alleged misconduct by a convincing preponderance of the evidence, which “is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in a civil case.” Id. “[T]he parties are bound by the stipulated facts, ‘which we interpret with reference to their subject matter and in light of the surrounding circumstances and the whole record.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Nine, 920 N.W.2d 825, 828 (Iowa 2018) (quoting 8 Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnson, 884 N.W.2d 772, 777 (Iowa 2016)).

2020The Board must prove any alleged misconduct by a convincing preponderance of the evidence, which “is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in a civil case.” Id. “[T]he parties are bound by the stipulated facts, ‘which we interpret with reference to their subject matter and in light of the surrounding circumstances and the whole record.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Nine, 920 N.W.2d 825, 828 (Iowa 2018) (quoting 8 Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnson, 884 N.W.2d 772, 777 (Iowa 2016)).

22
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Richard R. Schmidtgreen
iowa · 2011 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Schmidt, 796 N.W.2d 33, 36 (Iowa 2011).

2011Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Schmidt, 796 N.W.2d 33, 33 (Iowa 2011).

22
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Dullgreen
iowa · 2006 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2009–2009
2 sentences

2009Once misconduct is proven, we `may impose a lesser or greater sanction than the discipline recommended by the grievance commission.'" Id. (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Profl Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)); accord Dull, 713 N.W.2d at 201 .

2009Once misconduct is proven, we ‘may impose a lesser or greater sanction than the discipline recommended by the grievance commission.’ ” Id. (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)); accord Dull, 713 N.W.2d at 201 .

22
IOWA SUP. CT. ATTY. DISC. BD. v. Gottschalkgreen
iowa · 2007 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007
2 sentences

2007Once misconduct is proven, we ‘may im *619 pose a lesser or greater sanction than the discipline recommended by the grievance commission.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Attorney Disciplinary Bd. v. Gottschalk, 729 N.W.2d 812, 815 (Iowa 2007) (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Attorney Disciplinary Bd. v. Conrad, 723 N.W.2d 791, 791-92 (Iowa 2006)).

2007Once misconduct is proven, we ‘may impose a lesser or greater sanction than the discipline recommended by the grievance commission.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Attorney Disciplinary Bd. v. Gottschalk, 729 N.W.2d 812, 815 (Iowa 2007) (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Attorney Disciplinary Bd. v. Conrad, 723 N.W.2d 791 , 791–92 (Iowa 2006)).

22
Iowa Supreme Court Board of Professional Ethics & Conduct v. Eichgreen
iowa · 2002 · cited in 2 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
2 sentences

2005"On review we may adopt, increase, or reduce the sanction recommended by the commission." Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Eich, 652 N.W.2d 216, 217 (Iowa 2002).

2005“On review we may adopt, increase, or reduce the sanction recommended by the commission.” Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Eich, 652 N.W.2d 216, 217 (Iowa 2002).

22
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Templetongreen
iowa · 2010 · cited in 3 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011Id.

2011Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Templeton, 784 N.W.2d 761, 764 (Iowa 2010).

13
In Re the Marriage of Schnecklothgreen
iowa · 1982 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
2 sentences

2013The statute is rebuttable under the preponderance standard “by clear, strong and satisfactory evidence.” In re Marriage of Schneckloth, 320 N.W.2d 535, 536 (Iowa 1982).

2013The statute is rebuttable under the preponderance standard “by clear, strong and satisfactory, evidence.” In re Marriage of Schneckloth, 320 N.W.2d 535, 536 (Iowa 1982).

11
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Rolland Eugene Knopfgreen
iowa · 2011 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
1 sentence

2012This burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Knopf, 793 N.W.2d 525, 528 (Iowa 2011) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).

11
Iowa Supreme Court Board of Professional Ethics & Conduct v. D'Angelogreen
iowa · 2000 · cited in 1 Iowa opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
1 sentence

2004Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. D’Angelo, 619 N.W.2d 333, 337 (Iowa 2000).

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Iowa. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (7)

CaseCitedYears
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Benjamin J. Stansberry green
iowa · 2019
2 sentences

2020The Board must prove any alleged misconduct by a convincing preponderance of the evidence, which “is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in a civil case.” Id. “[T]he parties are bound by the stipulated facts, ‘which we interpret with reference to their subject matter and in light of the surrounding circumstances and the whole record.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Nine, 920 N.W.2d 825, 828 (Iowa 2018) (quoting 8 Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnson, 884 N.W.2d 772, 777 (Iowa 2016)).

2020The Board must prove any alleged misconduct by a convincing preponderance of the evidence, which “is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in a civil case.” Id. “[T]he parties are bound by the stipulated facts, ‘which we interpret with reference to their subject matter and in light of the surrounding circumstances and the whole record.’ ” Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Nine, 920 N.W.2d 825, 828 (Iowa 2018) (quoting 8 Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Johnson, 884 N.W.2d 772, 777 (Iowa 2016)).

32020–2024
IOWA S. CT. ATTY. DISC. BD. v. Johnson green
iowa · 2009
2 sentences

2010As frequently stated, “ ‘This burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.’ ” Id. at 498 (quoting lenca Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Conrad, 723 N.W.2d 791, 792 (Iowa 2006)).

2010As frequently stated, “ ‘This burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.’ ” Id. at 498 (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Att’y Disciplinary Bd. v. Conrad, 723 N.W.2d 791, 792 (Iowa 2006)).

22010–2010
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Marc R. Engelmann green
iowa · 2013
1 sentence

2017“This burden is less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt, but more than the preponderance standard required in the usual civil case.” Id. (quoting Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Lett, 674 N.W.2d 139, 142 (Iowa 2004)).

12017–2017
Iowa Supreme Court Attorney Disciplinary Board v. Pamela Ann Vandel green
iowa · 2017
1 sentence

2017Id.

12017–2017
Matter of Estate of Todd green
iowa · 1998
1 sentence

2013Id. at 275-76 .

12013–2013
IOWA SUP. CT. BD. v. Winkel green
iowa · 1996
1 sentence

2000Id.

12000–2000
Bixby v. Carskaddon green
iowa · 1881
2 sentences

1980This court up *875 held the instruction given on the ¿round it was “intended to determine the quantity of evidence required to overcome the presumption of honesty. . . . ” Id. at 536 , 8 N.W. at 355 .

1980This court up *875 held the instruction given on the ¿round it was “intended to determine the quantity of evidence required to overcome the presumption of honesty. . . . ” Id. at 536 , 8 N.W. at 355 .

11980–1980

Statutes the citing opinions construe

IA § Iowa Code § 633.197 (7) IA § Iowa Code § 602.10122 (6) IA § Iowa Code § 65.6 (6) IA § Iowa Code § 633.198 (5) IA § Iowa Code § 65.4 (5) IA § Iowa Code § 633.32 (4) IA § Iowa Code § 633.473 (3) IA § Iowa Code § 714.1 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

TX 409 (1972–2026) CA 122 (1921–2026) IA 99 (1980–2025) WA 95 (1971–2026) IL 88 (1939–2026) PA 62 (1975–2024) LA 49 (1977–2024) DC 42 (1970–2025) MD 41 (1964–2025) NJ 39 (1982–2026) OR 38 (1960–2024) NY 37 (1975–2026) CO 37 (1961–2026) AZ 22 (1981–2025) MA 21 (1978–2026) VT 21 (1983–2023) OH 20 (1984–2026) FL 20 (1962–2023) VA 17 (1975–2025) MI 16 (1974–2026) KY 16 (1992–2024) IN 16 (1975–2024) CT 15 (1978–2019) GA 14 (1949–2025) AK 14 (1981–2025) NV 13 (1987–2025) UT 13 (1991–2025) WI 12 (1981–2025) ME 11 (1984–2024) MN 10 (1985–2024) DE 10 (1982–2024) TN 10 (2000–2025) HI 10 (1981–2026) ND 8 (1981–2020) KS 8 (1977–2022) WV 7 (1982–2022) NH 7 (1977–2024) ID 7 (1996–2026) SD 7 (1987–2015) OK 6 (1980–2005) MO 6 (2000–2023) MS 6 (1988–2013) AR 5 (1974–2017) NC 5 (1982–2024) WY 5 (1987–2004) MT 4 (1979–2010) SC 3 (1996–2023) NM 2 (2000–2021) VI 2 (2013–2013) NE 2 (1948–2016)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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