sound rule (California) · Go Syfert
← California issues

sound rule in California

86 California opinions name it 3 courts 1886–2023 4 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by California courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (43)

CaseFollowedCited
People v. Bossgreen
cal · 1930 · cited in 7 California opinions naming this issue, 1935–2022
2 sentences

2001In People v. Boss, supra, 210 Cal. 245 , the court explained, “It is a sound principle of law which inheres in common reason that where two or more persons engage in a conspiracy to commit robbery and an officer or citizen is murdered while in immediate pursuit of one of their number who is fleeing from the scene of the crime with the fruits thereof in his possession, or in the possession of a co-conspirator, the crime is not complete in the purview of the law, inasmuch as said conspirators have not won their way even momentarily to a place of temporary safety and the possession of the plunder

1981(See People v. Ramirez (1979) 93 Cal.App.3d 714 [ 156 Cal.Rptr. 94 ]; People v. Fuller (1978) 86 Cal.App.3d 618, 623 [ 150 Cal.Rptr. 515 ].) In an early statement of felony-murder law, the Supreme Court in People v. Boss (1930) 210 Cal. 245, 250-251 [ 290 P. 881 ], rejected a contention that a killing during immediate flight with robbery loot was not in the “perpetration” of the robbery, stating inter alia: “It is a sound principle of law which inheres in common reason that where two or more persons engage in a conspiracy to commit robbery and an officer or citizen is murdered while in immedia

47
Pacific Motor Transport Co. v. State Board of Equalizationgreen
calctapp · 1972 · cited in 3 California opinions naming this issue, 1974–1990
2 sentences

1990We acknowledge that although courts may not read into a statute an exception not incorporated therein by the Legislature, they may find implied exceptions where it is reasonable and necessary to do so to avoid disregarding or overturning a sound rule of public policy (Pacific Motor Transport Co. v. State Bd. of Equalization (1972) 28 Cal.App.3d 230, 235 [ 104 Cal.Rptr. 558 ]) or to avoid absurd and manifestly unjust consequences (Ex parte Lorenzen (1900) 128 Cal. 431, 439 [ 61 P. 68 ]).

1990We acknowledge that although courts may not read into a statute an exception not incorporated therein by the Legislature, they may find implied exceptions where it is reasonable and necessary to do so to avoid disregarding or overturning a sound rule of public policy (Pacific Motor Transport Co. v. State Bd. of Equalization (1972) 28 Cal.App.3d 230, 235 [ 104 Cal.Rptr. 558 ]) or to avoid absurd and manifestly unjust consequences (Ex parte Lorenzen (1900) 128 Cal. 431, 439 [ 61 P. 68 ]).

33
In Re Carpentergreen
cal · 1995 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
2 sentences

2004Rather, as Justice Benke noted in her dissent in the Court of Appeal, according independent review to mixed questions of law and fact is based "on the sound principle that where a constitutional issue is involved, the law requires uniformity, [and] clarity of precedent." Thus, both People v. Nesler (1997) 16 Cal.4th 561 , 582, 66 Cal.Rptr.2d 454 , 941 P.2d 87 , and In re Carpenter (1995) 9 Cal.4th 634, 647, 658-659 , 38 Cal.Rptr.2d 665 , 889 P.2d 985 ( Carpenter ), concluded that independent review applies to a determination of whether prejudice arose from juror misconduct.

2004Rather, as Justice Benke noted in her dissent in the Court of Appeal, according independent review to mixed questions of law and fact is based "on the sound principle that where a constitutional issue is involved, the law requires uniformity, [and] clarity of precedent." Thus, both People v. Nesler (1997) 16 Cal.4th 561 , 582, 66 Cal.Rptr.2d 454 , 941 P.2d 87 , and In re Carpenter (1995) 9 Cal.4th 634, 647, 658-659 , 38 Cal.Rptr.2d 665 , 889 P.2d 985 ( Carpenter ), concluded that independent review applies to a determination of whether prejudice arose from juror misconduct.

22
People v. Kendrickgreen
cal · 1961 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1963–1995
2 sentences

1963(People v. Boss, 210 Cal. 245, 251 [ 290 P. 881 ]; People v. Dowell, 204 Cal. 109 [ 266 P. 807 ].) ” (People v. Rye (1949) 33 Cal.2d 688, 693 [ 203 P.2d 748 ].) A “killing . . . committed in connection with conduct intended to facilitate escape after the robbery and as part of one continuous transaction” constitutes “murder of the first degree by the terms of the statute,” (People v. Coefield (1951) 37 Cal.2d 865, 868-869 [ 236 P.2d 570 ]; see People v. Kendrick (1961) 56 Cal.2d 71, 90 [ 14 Cal.Rptr. 13 , 363 P.2d 13 ].) Appellants Ketchel and Thomas Sears apparently attempt to bring themselve

1963(People v. Boss, 210 Cal. 245, 251 [ 290 P. 881 ]; People v. Dowell, 204 Cal. 109 [ 266 P. 807 ].) ” (People v. Rye (1949) 33 Cal.2d 688, 693 [ 203 P.2d 748 ].) A “killing . . . committed in connection with conduct intended to facilitate escape after the robbery and as part of one continuous transaction” constitutes “murder of the first degree by the terms of the statute,” (People v. Coefield (1951) 37 Cal.2d 865, 868-869 [ 236 P.2d 570 ]; see People v. Kendrick (1961) 56 Cal.2d 71, 90 [ 14 Cal.Rptr. 13 , 363 P.2d 13 ].) Appellants Ketchel and Thomas Sears apparently attempt to bring themselve

22
People v. Aldaygreen
cal · 1973 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1986–1987
2 sentences

1986“Courts may not read into a statute an exception not incorporated therein by the Legislature [citation], unless such an exception must reasonably and necessarily be implied in order not to ‘ disregard or overturn a sound rule of public policy. ’ [Citation. ] ” (Pacific Motor Transport Co. v. State Bd. of Equalization (1972) 28 Cal.App.3d 230, 235 [ 104 Cal.Rptr. 558 ].) A statute must be read “in light of both the objective it seeks to achieve and the evil it seeks to avert.” (People v. Alday (1973) 10 Cal.3d 392, 395 [ 110 Cal.Rptr. 617 , 515 P.2d 1169 ].) Upholding “reasonable conditions” im

1986“Courts may not read into a statute an exception not incorporated therein by the Legislature [citation], unless such an exception must reasonably and necessarily be implied in order not to ‘ disregard or overturn a sound rule of public policy. ’ [Citation. ] ” (Pacific Motor Transport Co. v. State Bd. of Equalization (1972) 28 Cal.App.3d 230, 235 [ 104 Cal.Rptr. 558 ].) A statute must be read “in light of both the objective it seeks to achieve and the evil it seeks to avert.” (People v. Alday (1973) 10 Cal.3d 392, 395 [ 110 Cal.Rptr. 617 , 515 P.2d 1169 ].) Upholding “reasonable conditions” im

22
Jersey City Gaslight Co. v. Consumers Gas Co.green
njch · 1885 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1962–1962
2 sentences

1962(Bayonne Textile Corp. v. American Fed. of S. Workers, 116 N.J.Esq. 146 [ 172 A. 551, 557-558 , 92 A.L.R. 1450 ]; Jersey City Gaslight Co. v. Consumers Gas Co., 40 N.J.

1962(Bayonne Textile Corp. v. American Fed. of S. Workers, 116 N.J.Esq. 146 [ 172 A. 551, 557-558 , 92 A.L.R. 1450 ]; Jersey City Gaslight Co. v. Consumers Gas Co., 40 N.J.

22
People v. Salasgreen
cal · 1972 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1995–2022
2 sentences

2022(See, e.g., People v. Salas (1972) 7 Cal.3d 812, 822 ; People v. Johnson (1992) 5 Cal.App.4th 552, 559 .) Our Supreme court in Boss stated, “It is a sound principle of law which inheres in common reason that where two or more persons engage in a conspiracy to commit robbery and an officer or citizen is murdered while in immediate pursuit of one of their number who is fleeing from the scene of the crime with the fruits thereof in his possession, or in the possession of a co- conspirator, the crime is not complete in the purview of the law, inasmuch as said conspirators have not won their way ev

1995(People v. Kendrick (1961) 56 Cal.2d 71, 90 [ 14 Cal.Rptr. 13 , 363 P.2d 13 ]; People v. Ketchel (1963) 59 Cal.2d 503, 524 [ 30 Cal.Rptr. 538 , 381 P.2d 394 ]; People v. Salas (1972) 7 Cal.3d 812, 823-824 [ 103 Cal.Rptr. 431 , 500 P.2d 7 , 58 A.L.R.3d 832 ].) In People v. Carroll (1970) 1 Cal.3d 581, 584-585 [ 83 Cal.Rptr. 176 , 463 P.2d 400 ], the Supreme Court applied the concept of a “place of temporary safety” in a prosecution for robbery with the infliction of great bodily injury on the victim.

12
People v. Landisgreen
calctapp · 1996 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
2 sentences

1999The Bernal court concluded that because burglary can be committed without committing a theft and theft is not a lesser included offense of burglary “. . . the more sound analysis is to permit conviction of both crimes and apply Penal Code section 654 to avoid multiple punishment.” (Id. at p. 1458.) In People v. Landis (1996) 51 Cal.App.4th 1247 [ 59 Cal.Rptr.2d 641 ], Division Four of the Second District held that a defendant can be convicted of burglary and receiving property taken during the burglary.

1999The Bernal court concluded that because burglary can be committed without committing a theft and theft is not a lesser included offense of burglary “. . . the more sound analysis is to permit conviction of both crimes and apply Penal Code section 654 to avoid multiple punishment.” (Id. at p. 1458.) In People v. Landis (1996) 51 Cal.App.4th 1247 [ 59 Cal.Rptr.2d 641 ], Division Four of the Second District held that a defendant can be convicted of burglary and receiving property taken during the burglary.

12
Marina Point, Ltd. v. Wolfsongreen
cal · 1982 · cited in 2 California opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984
2 sentences

1984(Cf. Marina Point, Ltd. v. Wolfson, supra, at p. 734 ; In re Cox, supra, 3 Cal.3d 205, at p. 215 .) Without the most cogent and convincing evidence, we cannot attribute to the Legislature such an intent. ( In re Cox, supra, at p. 215 ; see also, Marina Point, Ltd. v. Wolfson, supra . ) III.

1984(Cf. Marina Point, Ltd. v. Wolfson, supra, at p. 734 ; In re Cox, supra, 3 Cal.3d 205, at p. 215 .) Without the most cogent and convincing evidence, we cannot attribute to the Legislature such an intent.

12
People v. Wrightgreen
calctapp · 1996 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015(People v. Wright (1996) 52 Cal.App.4th 203, 210, fn. 17 ["A defendant can commit a battery indirectly by causing the force to be applied to the person of another [citation]."].) We 7 agree with this sound principle.

11
Crescent City Live Stock Co. v. Batchers' Union Slaughter-House Co.green
scotus · 1887 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Plumley v. Mockettgreen
calctapp · 2008 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010Legal Tenability In Swat-Fame, supra, 101 Cal.App.4th at page 626 , the Court of Appeal held, inter alia, “Because the allegations in the complaint were true to the best of the [lawyer-defendants’] knowledge at the time the complaint was filed, and because the trial court overruled Swat-Fame’s demurrer . . . , the lawyers necessarily had probable cause to bring the claim . . . .” This is a sound rule, for it is consistent with the principle that “[c]laims that have succeeded at a hearing on the merits ... are not so lacking in potential merit that a reasonable attorney or litigant would necess

2010Legal Tenability In Swat-Fame, supra, 101 Cal.App.4th at page 626 , the Court of Appeal held, inter alia, “Because the allegations in the complaint were true to the best of the [lawyer-defendants’] knowledge at the time the complaint was filed, and because the trial court overruled Swat-Fame’s demurrer . . . , the lawyers necessarily had probable cause to bring the claim . . . .” This is a sound rule, for it is consistent with the principle that “[c]laims that have succeeded at a hearing on the merits ... are not so lacking in potential merit that a reasonable attorney or litigant would necess

11
California Teachers Ass'n v. Governing Board of Rialto Unified School Districtgreen
cal · 1997 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
Stop Youth Addiction, Inc. v. Lucky Stores, Inc.green
calctapp · 1998 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
People v. One 1940 Ford V-8 Coupe, Engine No. 18-5601077green
cal · 1950 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
In Re Hoddinottgreen
cal · 1996 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
People v. Ketchelgreen
cal · 1963 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
People v. Carrollgreen
cal · 1970 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
Richardson v. Marshgreen
scotus · 1987 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
11
Reed v. Normangreen
calctapp · 1957 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
11
Ex Parte Lorenzengreen
· 1900 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1990–1990
11
People v. Bowkergreen
calctapp · 1988 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1989–1989
11
People v. Kellyred
cal · 1976 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1989–1989
11
People v. Davisgreen
calctapp · 1985 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
11
Webb v. Millergreen
calctapp · 1986 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
11
Burg v. Municipal Courtgreen
cal · 1983 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1987–1987
11
People v. Roscoegreen
calctapp · 1985 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986
11
Hoover v. Agriform Chemical Co.green
calctapp · 1969 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1986–1986
11
People v. Reedergreen
calctapp · 1984 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1984–1984
11
People v. Fullergreen
calctapp · 1978 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1981–1981
11
Stockton Savings & Loan Bank v. Massanetgreen
cal · 1941 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
11
Longshore v. County of Venturagreen
cal · 1979 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
11
Ogle v. Heimgreen
cal · 1968 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1974–1974
11
Appenfelder v. Security Trust & Savings Bankgreen
calctapp · 1929 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1972–1972
11
Bartos v. United States District Courtgreen
ca8 · 1927 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1969–1969
11
Andrews v. California Trust Co.green
cal · 1940 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1968–1968
11
Hale v. Bohannongreen
cal · 1952 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1968–1968
11
Cobbs v. Cobbsgreen
calctapp · 1942 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1965–1965
11
People v. Ryegreen
cal · 1949 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1963–1963
11
Sinz v. Owensgreen
cal · 1949 · cited in 1 California opinions naming this issue, 1963–1963
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in California. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (37)

CaseCitedYears
Cooke v. Bangs green
circtdmn · 1887
2 sentences

1959The appellate court in affirming stated: “ [I] t is clear from the complaint and exhibits that Judge Miehelsen was acting as superior judge in a matter over which he had jurisdiction, that the proceeding was regular in all respects, and that there would be no basis for any action against him, even if he were not entitled to immunity from civil liability under the well-established and sound rule of public policy so well expressed by Justice Brewer of the U. S. Supreme Court, sitting as a circuit justice in Cooke v. Bangs, 31 F. 640, 642 , as follows: ‘With respect to all judicial officers . . .

1951Notwithstanding the apparent effort of plaintiff to keep from alleging that defendant Twain Michelsen was a judge of the superior court and was acting as such in the proceeding complained of, it is clear from the complaint and the exhibits that Judge Michelsen was acting as superior judge in a matter over which he had jurisdiction, that the proceeding was regular in all respects, and that there would be no basis for any action against him, even if he were not entitled to immunity from civil liability under the well-established and sound rule of public policy so well expressed by Justice Brewer

31951–1959
People v. Nesler green
cal · 1997
2 sentences

2004Rather, as Justice Benke noted in her dissent in the Court of Appeal, according independent review to mixed questions of law and fact is based "on the sound principle that where a constitutional issue is involved, the law requires uniformity, [and] clarity of precedent." Thus, both People v. Nesler (1997) 16 Cal.4th 561 , 582, 66 Cal.Rptr.2d 454 , 941 P.2d 87 , and In re Carpenter (1995) 9 Cal.4th 634, 647, 658-659 , 38 Cal.Rptr.2d 665 , 889 P.2d 985 ( Carpenter ), concluded that independent review applies to a determination of whether prejudice arose from juror misconduct.

2004Rather, as Justice Benke noted in her dissent in the Court of Appeal, according independent review to mixed questions of law and fact is based "on the sound principle that where a constitutional issue is involved, the law requires uniformity, [and] clarity of precedent." Thus, both People v. Nesler (1997) 16 Cal.4th 561 , 582, 66 Cal.Rptr.2d 454 , 941 P.2d 87 , and In re Carpenter (1995) 9 Cal.4th 634, 647, 658-659 , 38 Cal.Rptr.2d 665 , 889 P.2d 985 ( Carpenter ), concluded that independent review applies to a determination of whether prejudice arose from juror misconduct.

22004–2004
Interinsurance Exchange of the Automobile Club v. Ohio Casualty Insurance green
cal · 1962
2 sentences

1989Co. (1962) 58 Cal.2d 142 , 152 *90 [ 23 Cal.Rptr. 592 , 373 P.2d 640 ].) Without the most cogent and convincing evidence, a court will never attribute to the Legislature the intent to disregard or overturn a sound rule of policy.

1989Co. (1962) 58 Cal.2d 142 , 152 *90 [ 23 Cal.Rptr. 592 , 373 P.2d 640 ].) Without the most cogent and convincing evidence, a court will never attribute to the Legislature the intent to disregard or overturn a sound rule of policy.

21970–1989
In Re Cox green
cal · 1970
2 sentences

1984(Cf. Marina Point, Ltd. v. Wolfson, supra, at p. 734 ; In re Cox, supra, 3 Cal.3d 205, at p. 215 .) Without the most cogent and convincing evidence, we cannot attribute to the Legislature such an intent.

1984(Cf. Marina Point, Ltd. v. Wolfson, supra, at p. 734 ; In re Cox, supra, 3 Cal.3d 205, at p. 215 .) Without the most cogent and convincing evidence, we cannot attribute to the Legislature such an intent.

21984–1984
Rix v. Reeves green
arizctapp · 1975
2 sentences

1981Accord: Rix v. Reeves, 23 Ariz.App. 243 , 532 P.2d 185 (1975). [Fns. omitted.]’” ( 101 Cal.App.3d at p. 282 .) Tauber-Arons concludes that “[a]s regards defects created by the original manufacturer, Tillman states a sound rule limiting liability of dealers in used equipment....

1981Accord: Rix v. Reeves, 23 Ariz.App. 243 , 532 P.2d 185 (1975). [Fns. omitted.]’” ( 101 Cal.App.3d at p. 282 .) Tauber-Arons concludes that “[a]s regards defects created by the original manufacturer, Tillman states a sound rule limiting liability of dealers in used equipment....

21980–1981
Price v. Shell Oil Co. green
cal · 1970
2 sentences

1981The ordinary used products dealer ... will not be strictly liable for such defects created by the manufacturer.” ( 101 Cal.App. 3d at p. 282 .) “The rule stated in Tillman is consistent with the policy underlying the doctrine of strict liability as developed in this state and most recently announced by our Supreme Court in Price v. Shell Oil Co., supra, 2 Cal.3d 245 [ 85 Cal.Rptr. 178 , 466 P.2d 722 ].

1981The ordinary used products dealer ... will not be strictly liable for such defects created by the manufacturer.” ( 101 Cal.App. 3d at p. 282 .) “The rule stated in Tillman is consistent with the policy underlying the doctrine of strict liability as developed in this state and most recently announced by our Supreme Court in Price v. Shell Oil Co., supra, 2 Cal.3d 245 [ 85 Cal.Rptr. 178 , 466 P.2d 722 ].

21980–1981
Bayonne Textile Corp. v. American Federation of Silk Workers green
nj · 1934
2 sentences

1962(Bayonne Textile Corp. v. American Fed. of S. Workers, 116 N.J.Esq. 146 [ 172 A. 551, 557-558 , 92 A.L.R. 1450 ]; Jersey City Gaslight Co. v. Consumers Gas Co., 40 N.J.

1962(Bayonne Textile Corp. v. American Fed. of S. Workers, 116 N.J.Esq. 146 [ 172 A. 551, 557-558 , 92 A.L.R. 1450 ]; Jersey City Gaslight Co. v. Consumers Gas Co., 40 N.J.

21962–1962
Hale v. Hale green
calctapp · 1935
2 sentences

1941(Hale v. Hale, 6 Cal.App.2d 661 [45 PaCal.2d 246]; Atlass v. Atlass, 112 Cal.App. 514 [ 297 P. 53 ].)" Here the children are of age, and it certainly would do violence to the policy of our state founded on natural justice and basic social principles to permit the establishment of the Missouri decree requiring appellant to make payments to the wife in the future.

1941(Hale v. Hale, 6 Cal. App. (2d) 661 [ 45 Pac. (2d) 246 ]; Atlass v. Atlass, 112 Cal. App. 514 [ 297 Pac. 53 ].)" Here the children are of age, and it certainly would do violence to the policy of our state founded on natural justice and basic social principles to permit the establishment of the Missouri decree requiring appellant to make payments to the wife in the future.

21939–1941
Atlass v. Atlass green
calctapp · 1931
2 sentences

1941(Hale v. Hale, 6 Cal.App.2d 661 [45 PaCal.2d 246]; Atlass v. Atlass, 112 Cal.App. 514 [ 297 P. 53 ].)" Here the children are of age, and it certainly would do violence to the policy of our state founded on natural justice and basic social principles to permit the establishment of the Missouri decree requiring appellant to make payments to the wife in the future.

1941(Hale v. Hale, 6 Cal.App.2d 661 [45 PaCal.2d 246]; Atlass v. Atlass, 112 Cal.App. 514 [ 297 P. 53 ].)" Here the children are of age, and it certainly would do violence to the policy of our state founded on natural justice and basic social principles to permit the establishment of the Missouri decree requiring appellant to make payments to the wife in the future.

21939–1941
Mintz v. Blue Cross of California green
calctapp · 2009
1 sentence

2023As stated in Mintz, “there is no ‘financial advantage’ exception to the rule that a corporate agent cannot be liable for interfering with its principal’s contract.” (Mintz, supra, 172 Cal.App.4th at p. 1606 .) The Mintz court explained this rule “makes good sense” because “[e]very agent, in one way or another, acts for its own financial advantage when it acts for its principal, because the agent is compensated by its principal, and conduct in furtherance of the principal’s interest will necessarily serve the agent’s interests as well.” (Ibid.) Furthermore, a “ ‘financial advantage’ exception t

12023–2023
Communications Satellite Corp. v. Franchise Tax Board green
calctapp · 1984
1 sentence

2023However, “[a]n expert witness may not properly testify on questions of law or the interpretation of a statute.” (Communications Satellite Corp. v. Franchise Tax Bd. (1984) 156 Cal.App.3d 726, 747 ; see California Shoppers, Inc. v. Royal Globe Ins.

12023–2023
People v. Johnson green
calctapp · 1992
1 sentence

2022(See, e.g., People v. Salas (1972) 7 Cal.3d 812, 822 ; People v. Johnson (1992) 5 Cal.App.4th 552, 559 .) Our Supreme court in Boss stated, “It is a sound principle of law which inheres in common reason that where two or more persons engage in a conspiracy to commit robbery and an officer or citizen is murdered while in immediate pursuit of one of their number who is fleeing from the scene of the crime with the fruits thereof in his possession, or in the possession of a co- conspirator, the crime is not complete in the purview of the law, inasmuch as said conspirators have not won their way ev

12022–2022
Pfeiffer v. City of Sunnyvale City Council green
calctapp · 2011
1 sentence

2022(See Pfeiffer v. City of Sunnyvale City Coun- cil (2011) 200 Cal.App.4th 1552, 1563 .) 22 The City and real parties tell us that it is the City, not Friends “or the courts, [which] is in the best position to interpret the appropriate application of its own Specific Plan.” In general this is a sound principle, one that courts ordinarily respect.

12022–2022
People v. O'Dell green
calctapp · 2007
1 sentence

2016(See, e.g., People v. O’Dell (2007) 153 Cal.App.4th 1569, 1574-1577 .) We see no reason to depart from the sound analysis of O’Dell concluding the instruction is not constitutionally infirm. 3.

12016–2016
People v. Frye green
cal · 1998
1 sentence

2015However, Fullbright's "claim of insufficient evidence requires us to determine whether a rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt." (People v. Frye (1998) 18 Cal.4th 894, 953 .) We conclude it could not.

12015–2015
In Re Zeth S. green
cal · 2003
1 sentence

2013And courts must not lose sight of the purpose of the dependency system in the first place. „[T]he paramount concern of the appellate court in all dependency proceedings is for the protection and welfare of the child.‟ ” (In re Jayson T. (2002) 97 Cal.App.4th 75, 88 , disapproved on another point in In re Zeth S. (2003) 31 Cal.4th 396, 413-414 .) Section 7612, subdivision (c), as the Legislature wrote it, is a sound rule.

12013–2013
In Re Jayson T. green
calctapp · 2002
1 sentence

2013And courts must not lose sight of the purpose of the dependency system in the first place. „[T]he paramount concern of the appellate court in all dependency proceedings is for the protection and welfare of the child.‟ ” (In re Jayson T. (2002) 97 Cal.App.4th 75, 88 , disapproved on another point in In re Zeth S. (2003) 31 Cal.4th 396, 413-414 .) Section 7612, subdivision (c), as the Legislature wrote it, is a sound rule.

12013–2013
Swat-Fame, Inc. v. Goldstein green
calctapp · 2002
2 sentences

2010Legal Tenability In Swat-Fame, supra, 101 Cal.App.4th at page 626 , the Court of Appeal held, inter alia, “Because the allegations in the complaint were true to the best of the [lawyer-defendants’] knowledge at the time the complaint was filed, and because the trial court overruled Swat-Fame’s demurrer . . . , the lawyers necessarily had probable cause to bring the claim . . . .” This is a sound rule, for it is consistent with the principle that “[c]laims that have succeeded at a hearing on the merits ... are not so lacking in potential merit that a reasonable attorney or litigant would necess

2010Legal Tenability In Swat-Fame, supra, 101 Cal.App.4th at page 626 , the Court of Appeal held, inter alia, "Because the allegations in the complaint were true to the best of the [lawyer-defendants'] knowledge at the time the complaint was filed, and because the trial court overruled Swat-Fame's demurrer ..., the lawyers necessarily had probable cause to bring the claim ...." This is a sound rule, for it is consistent with the principle that "[c]laims that have succeeded at a hearing on the merits ... are not so lacking in potential merit that a reasonable attorney or litigant would necessarily

12010–2010
Wilson v. Parker, Covert & Chidester red
cal · 2002
2 sentences

2010Legal Tenability In Swat-Fame, supra, 101 Cal.App.4th at page 626 , the Court of Appeal held, inter alia, “Because the allegations in the complaint were true to the best of the [lawyer-defendants’] knowledge at the time the complaint was filed, and because the trial court overruled Swat-Fame’s demurrer . . . , the lawyers necessarily had probable cause to bring the claim . . . .” This is a sound rule, for it is consistent with the principle that “[c]laims that have succeeded at a hearing on the merits ... are not so lacking in potential merit that a reasonable attorney or litigant would necess

2010Legal Tenability In Swat-Fame, supra, 101 Cal.App.4th at page 626 , the Court of Appeal held, inter alia, “Because the allegations in the complaint were true to the best of the [lawyer-defendants’] knowledge at the time the complaint was filed, and because the trial court overruled Swat-Fame’s demurrer . . . , the lawyers necessarily had probable cause to bring the claim . . . .” This is a sound rule, for it is consistent with the principle that “[c]laims that have succeeded at a hearing on the merits ... are not so lacking in potential merit that a reasonable attorney or litigant would necess

12010–2010
Ralphs Grocery Co. v. Superior Court green
calctapp · 2003
12004–2004
Kerr's Catering Service v. Department of Industrial Relations green
cal · 1962
12004–2004
People v. Bernal green
calctapp · 1994
11999–1999
Griffin v. United States green
scotus · 1991
11993–1993
People v. Gray green
calctapp · 1986
11988–1988
Bacon v. Carlin green
scotus · 1984
11987–1987
Burg v. Municipal Court for the Santa Clara Judicial District of Santa Clara County green
scotus · 1984
11987–1987
People v. Fleming green
calctapp · 1983
11984–1984
Mitchell v. . Reed green
ny · 1874
11983–1983
Tauber-Arons Auctioneers Co. v. Superior Court green
calctapp · 1980
11981–1981
People v. Ramirez green
calctapp · 1979
11981–1981
People v. Washington green
cal · 1965
11978–1978
In Re Dampier green
· 1928
11969–1969
State v. McClaugherty green
wva · 1889
11969–1969
People ex rel. Black v. Smith neutral
· 1919
11969–1969
Tostevin v. Douglas green
calctapp · 1958
11965–1965
People v. Batsford green
calctapp · 1949
11963–1963
People v. Dowell green
cal · 1928
11963–1963

Statutes the citing opinions construe

CA § Cal. Penal Code § 187 (4) CA § Cal. Penal Code § 459 (4) CA § Cal. Civil Code § 51 (3) CA § Cal. Government Code § 12900 (3) CA § Cal. Penal Code § 288 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

GA 125 (1891–2025) NY 110 (1826–2023) TX 106 (1899–2026) PA 87 (1834–2026) CA 86 (1886–2023) TN 70 (1874–2021) AL 68 (1857–2014) IL 57 (1870–2025) NJ 53 (1828–2026) SC 44 (1942–2026) MA 42 (1892–2026) LA 42 (1882–2024) MI 41 (1884–2026) FL 37 (1881–2013) KY 35 (1865–2023) MO 32 (1870–1994) NC 29 (1896–2018) OH 28 (1849–2026) OK 28 (1898–2016) WA 25 (1914–2018) IA 24 (1887–2023) NE 24 (1890–2023) MD 22 (1853–2024) IN 22 (1859–2015) HI 21 (1889–2025) AR 21 (1872–1990) AZ 19 (1931–1999) MS 18 (1855–2019) KS 16 (1911–2022) DC 14 (1894–2016) UT 14 (1943–2025) WI 14 (1867–2016) CT 13 (1839–1994) CO 13 (1875–2002) WV 13 (1925–1995) WY 11 (1933–2003) DE 11 (1913–2022) ME 10 (1830–1987) MT 10 (1912–2023) SD 10 (1907–1968) ID 10 (1914–2014) MN 10 (1901–2026) VA 9 (1878–1994) NM 9 (1881–1994) ND 8 (1908–1967) RI 8 (1868–1972) VT 7 (1849–2015) PR 7 (1904–1970) NV 6 (1925–1994) OR 5 (1945–1983) NH 3 (1836–1978)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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