blanket rule (Wisconsin) · Go Syfert
← Wisconsin issues

blanket rule in Wisconsin

60 Wisconsin opinions name it 2 courts 1980–2026 6 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Wisconsin courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (36)

CaseFollowedCited
Richards v. Wisconsingreen
scotus · 1997 · cited in 12 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1997–2004
2 sentences

2004See Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385, 394-95 (1997) (overturning this court's blanket exception to the "knock and announce" requirement).

2004The circuit court also stated that "there [was] no question in [its] mind [that the defendant's actions were not] even as aggravated as Mohr was." The circuit court concluded, "[T]here's no articulable, objective information here that there was [sic] indications that he [the defendant] was in fact dangerous as opposed to frisking him for officer safety." [37] Reply Brief of Plaintiff-Appellant-Petitioner at 9. [38] See Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385, 394-95 (1997) (overturning this court's blanket exception to the "knock and announce" requirement). [39] See Brief of Plaintiff-Appellant-Pe

712
State v. Stevensgreen
wis · 1994 · cited in 4 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1996–2001
2 sentences

2001In Ward , the police officers had executed a no-knock warrant that was based upon qase law establishing a blanket rule that where there is "evidence of felony drug delivery or dealing, the officers are justified in making a no-knock entry." Id. at ¶ 40; see also State v. Stevens, 181 Wis. 2d 410 , 511 N.W.2d 591 (1994); State v. Richards, 201 Wis. 2d 845 , 549 N.W.2d 218 (1996), overruled by Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997).

2001In Ward , the police officers had executed a no-knock warrant that was based upon qase law establishing a blanket rule that where there is "evidence of felony drug delivery or dealing, the officers are justified in making a no-knock entry." Id. at ¶ 40; see also State v. Stevens, 181 Wis. 2d 410 , 511 N.W.2d 591 (1994); State v. Richards, 201 Wis. 2d 845 , 549 N.W.2d 218 (1996), overruled by Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997).

34
State v. St. Clairgreen
me · 1980 · cited in 2 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020
2 sentences

2020Clair, 418 A.2d at 189 (quoted source omitted).

2020Clair, 418 A.2d at 189 (quoted source omitted).

22
State v. Richardsred
wis · 1996 · cited in 5 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1997–2001
2 sentences

2001In Ward , the police officers had executed a no-knock warrant that was based upon qase law establishing a blanket rule that where there is "evidence of felony drug delivery or dealing, the officers are justified in making a no-knock entry." Id. at ¶ 40; see also State v. Stevens, 181 Wis. 2d 410 , 511 N.W.2d 591 (1994); State v. Richards, 201 Wis. 2d 845 , 549 N.W.2d 218 (1996), overruled by Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997).

2001In Ward , the police officers had executed a no-knock warrant that was based upon qase law establishing a blanket rule that where there is "evidence of felony drug delivery or dealing, the officers are justified in making a no-knock entry." Id. at ¶ 40; see also State v. Stevens, 181 Wis. 2d 410 , 511 N.W.2d 591 (1994); State v. Richards, 201 Wis. 2d 845 , 549 N.W.2d 218 (1996), overruled by Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997).

15
Domino v. Walworth Countygreen
wisctapp · 1984 · cited in 3 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2006–2024
2 sentences

2024“The first step in Ellenbecker also cites Domino v. Walworth County, 118 Wis. 2d 488, 491 , 347 N.W.2d 917 (Ct. App. 1984), for its argument that “simply allowing for the exercise of discretion does not suffice to bring the actions under the blanket of immunity under WIS.

2024“The first step in Ellenbecker also cites Domino v. Walworth County, 118 Wis. 2d 488, 491 , 347 N.W.2d 917 (Ct. App. 1984), for its argument that “simply allowing for the exercise of discretion does not suffice to bring the actions under the blanket of immunity under WIS.

13
Woznicki v. Ericksongreen
wis · 1996 · cited in 3 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1999–2005
2 sentences

2005Id., ¶ 11 (citing Woznicki v. Erickson, 202 Wis. 2d 178, 192-93 , 549 N.W.2d 699 (1996)).

2005Id., ¶ 11 (citing Woznicki v. Erickson, 202 Wis. 2d 178, 192-93 , 549 N.W.2d 699 (1996)).

13
Wisconsin Newspress, Inc. v. School District of Sheboygan Fallsgreen
wis · 1996 · cited in 2 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2003–2010
2 sentences

2010As the court of appeals has explained, "[w]hen individuals become public employees, they necessarily give up certain privacy rights and are subject to a degree of public scrutiny." Local 2489, 277 Wis.2d 208, ¶ 26 , 689 N.W.2d 644 (citing Wis. Newspress, 199 Wis.2d at 786-87, 546 N.W.2d 143 ). ¶ 228 Accordingly, I conclude that the teachers have identified no public interest that will be served by the blanket exception from the Public Records Law they assert herein, given that the circuit court ordered the School District, prior to release, to redact from the emails any home addresses, telepho

2010As the court of appeals has explained, "[w]hen individuals become public employees, they necessarily give up certain privacy rights and are subject to a degree of public scrutiny." Local 2489, 277 Wis.2d 208, ¶ 26 , 689 N.W.2d 644 (citing Wis. Newspress, 199 Wis.2d at 786-87, 546 N.W.2d 143 ). ¶ 228 Accordingly, I conclude that the teachers have identified no public interest that will be served by the blanket exception from the Public Records Law they assert herein, given that the circuit court ordered the School District, prior to release, to redact from the emails any home addresses, telepho

12
United States v. Arthur Young & Co.green
scotus · 1984 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026And it also argues that “the independent auditor assumes a public responsibility transcending any employment relationship with the client” as a “public watchdog.” See United States v. Arthur Young & Co., 465 U.S. 805, 817-18 (1984).10 ¶34 We are unpersuaded by either of the ESOP’s arguments that we should adopt a blanket rule that “every audit opinion forms a ‘triangular relationship’” or that the triangular relationship is the wrong test.

11
State v. Sullivangreen
wis · 1998 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
2 sentences

2025See State v. Sullivan, 216 Wis. 2d 768, 771-73 , 576 N.W.2d 30 (1998).

2025See State v. Sullivan, 216 Wis. 2d 768, 771-73 , 576 N.W.2d 30 (1998).

11
State v. David Gutierrezgreen
wis · 2020 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2025–2025
2 sentences

2025See State v. Gutierrez, 2020 WI 52, ¶33 , 391 Wis. 2d 799 , 943 N.W.2d 870 . 8 In reaching our conclusion that the circuit court did not erroneously exercise its discretion by admitting the other-acts evidence, we do not hold as a blanket rule that a bench trial renders the third step of the Sullivan analysis obsolete, as Woodberry argues that the State posits.

2025See State v. Gutierrez, 2020 WI 52, ¶33 , 391 Wis. 2d 799 , 943 N.W.2d 870 . 8 In reaching our conclusion that the circuit court did not erroneously exercise its discretion by admitting the other-acts evidence, we do not hold as a blanket rule that a bench trial renders the third step of the Sullivan analysis obsolete, as Woodberry argues that the State posits.

11
Pries v. McMillongreen
wis · 2010 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019Alternatively, camp staff could have been stationed at the exit of each locker room to fit each new camper who had not yet taken a swim test, including Lily, with a life jacket. ¶59 In Cords, we specifically enumerated two different ways in which the park manager could have fulfilled the ministerial duty arising out of the circumstances of that particular case.62 That there were at least two possible ways for the park manager to fulfill his ministerial duty did not affect the resolution of the case. "[S]imply allowing for the exercise of discretion does not suffice to bring the actions under t

11
Cords v. Andersongreen
wis · 1977 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2019–2019
1 sentence

2019Alternatively, camp staff could have been stationed at the exit of each locker room to fit each new camper who had not yet taken a swim test, including Lily, with a life jacket. ¶59 In Cords, we specifically enumerated two different ways in which the park manager could have fulfilled the ministerial duty arising out of the circumstances of that particular case.62 That there were at least two possible ways for the park manager to fulfill his ministerial duty did not affect the resolution of the case. "[S]imply allowing for the exercise of discretion does not suffice to bring the actions under t

11
Park Rise Homeowners Ass'n v. Resource Construction Co.green
coloctapp · 2006 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
2 sentences

2013See, e.g., Park Rise Homeowners Ass'n v. Resource Const. Co., 155 P.3d 427, 435 (Colo. Ct. App. 2006) ("Turning to the phrase 'quality construction,' we reject the . . . argument that, as a matter of law, the phrase cannot be treated as puffery . . . .") (emphasis added); In re Level 3 Commc'ns, Inc. Sec.

2013See, e.g., Park Rise Homeowners Ass'n v. Resource Const. Co., 155 P.3d 427, 435 (Colo. Ct. App. 2006) ("Turning to the phrase 'quality construction,' we reject the ... argument that, as a matter of law, the phrase cannot be treated as puffery ....") (emphasis added); In re Level 3 Commc'ns, Inc. Sec.

11
Smaxwell v. Bayardgreen
wis · 2004 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
1 sentence

2011Our reading of Smaxwell as creating a blanket rule against landlord liability is supported by the dissent's reading of the majority opinion, a reading not contested by the majority, see Smaxwell, 274 Wis. 2d 278, ¶ 77 (Bradley, J., dissenting), and this court is without authority to modify decisions of the supreme court.

11
In RE MARRIAGE OF COOK v. Cookgreen
wis · 1997 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2011–2011
2 sentences

2011See Cook v. Cook, 208 Wis. 2d 166, 189 , 560 N.W.2d 246 (1997). ¶ 37.

2011See Cook v. Cook, 208 Wis. 2d 166, 189 , 560 N.W.2d 246 (1997). ¶ 37.

11
Zellner v. Cedarburg School Districtgreen
wis · 2007 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010See Zellner, 300 Wis.2d 290, ¶ 49 , 731 N.W.2d 240 .

2010See Zellner, 300 Wis.2d 290, ¶ 49 , 731 N.W.2d 240 .

11
Custodian of Records for the Legislative Technology Services Bureau v. Stategreen
wis · 2004 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
1 sentence

2008While our holding here is consistent with the conclusions reached by other states, it is also consistent with our own past decisions such as LTSB, in which this court explained that "not all confidential data is that over which the custodian or owner may assert a privilege." LTSB, 272 Wis. 2d 208, ¶ 15 (citations omitted). 12 Thus, just because a meeting may be kept closed from the public, even if some of the meeting contents are thereby "confidential" in some sense of the *31 word, it does not necessarily follow that the District has a legal privilege to refuse compliance with discovery reque

11
State v. McGillgreen
wis · 2000 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
State v. Morgangreen
wis · 1995 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
In Interest of BJNgreen
wis · 1991 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Bendixen v. Bendixengreen
alaska · 1998 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2003–2003
11
Dallas L. Holifield v. United Statesgreen
ca7 · 1990 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11
Maryland v. Buiegreen
scotus · 1990 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
11
Palazzolo v. Rhode Islandgreen
scotus · 2001 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2001–2001
11
Whitaker v. Stategreen
wis · 1978 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
11
State v. Smithgreen
wisctapp · 1996 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
11
Johnson v. Allis Chalmers Corp.green
wis · 1991 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
11
United States v. Gregory James Freeman and David Lyle Boese, A/K/A Dennis Phillip Stevens and David Sterlinggreen
ca5 · 1982 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11
State v. Andrewsgreen
wis · 1996 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11
Kent County Mental Health Center, Inc. v. Cavanaughgreen
ri · 1995 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
11
Lassiter v. Department of Social Servs. of Durham Cty.green
scotus · 1981 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
11
Wilson v. Arkansasgreen
scotus · 1995 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1996–1996
11
Griffith v. Kentuckygreen
scotus · 1987 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
MacKey v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1971 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
United States v. Phillip Mooregreen
ca8 · 1992 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1994–1994
11
State v. Schlisegreen
wis · 1978 · cited in 1 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1980–1980
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (2)

CaseNegativeCited
Richards v. Wisconsingreen
scotus · 1997 · cited in 12 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1997–2004
2 sentences

2004See Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385, 394-95 (1997) (overturning this court's blanket exception to the "knock and announce" requirement).

2004The circuit court also stated that "there [was] no question in [its] mind [that the defendant's actions were not] even as aggravated as Mohr was." The circuit court concluded, "[T]here's no articulable, objective information here that there was [sic] indications that he [the defendant] was in fact dangerous as opposed to frisking him for officer safety." [37] Reply Brief of Plaintiff-Appellant-Petitioner at 9. [38] See Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385, 394-95 (1997) (overturning this court's blanket exception to the "knock and announce" requirement). [39] See Brief of Plaintiff-Appellant-Pe

112
State v. Richardsred
wis · 1996 · cited in 5 Wisconsin opinions naming this issue, 1997–2001
2 sentences

2001In Ward , the police officers had executed a no-knock warrant that was based upon qase law establishing a blanket rule that where there is "evidence of felony drug delivery or dealing, the officers are justified in making a no-knock entry." Id. at ¶ 40; see also State v. Stevens, 181 Wis. 2d 410 , 511 N.W.2d 591 (1994); State v. Richards, 201 Wis. 2d 845 , 549 N.W.2d 218 (1996), overruled by Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997).

2001In Ward , the police officers had executed a no-knock warrant that was based upon qase law establishing a blanket rule that where there is "evidence of felony drug delivery or dealing, the officers are justified in making a no-knock entry." Id. at ¶ 40; see also State v. Stevens, 181 Wis. 2d 410 , 511 N.W.2d 591 (1994); State v. Richards, 201 Wis. 2d 845 , 549 N.W.2d 218 (1996), overruled by Richards v. Wisconsin, 520 U.S. 385 (1997).

15

Also cited on this issue (41)

CaseCitedYears
Stewart v. Wulf green
wis · 1978
2 sentences

2006It is difficult to imagine how the majority's reasoning can be limited in any principled manner to contractors who contract with municipalities "to remediate a naturally occurring hazard." Id.

2006It is difficult to imagine how the majority's reasoning can be limited in any principled manner to contractors who contract with municipalities "to remediate a naturally occurring hazard." Id.

22004–2006
State v. Cleveland green
wis · 1984
2 sentences

1994State v. Cleveland, 118 Wis. 2d at 628 ; Brief of the Attorney General, State v. Cleveland, pp. 37-378.

1994State v. Cleveland, 118 Wis. 2d at 628 ; Brief of the Attorney General, State v. Cleveland, pp. 37-38.

21991–1994
Michael Engelhardt v. City of New Berlin green
wis · 2019
2 sentences

2025STAT. § 302.38(1) merely establishes that the County has a duty to provide appropriate care to inmates, if necessary, and did not impose a ministerial duty on the County in this case, the 9 Clubb also cites Engelhardt v. City of New Berlin, 2019 WI 2, ¶¶59-60 , 385 Wis. 2d 86 , 921 N.W.2d 714 , for his proposition that “the mere existence of some discretion is not sufficient ‘to bring the actions under the blanket of immunity provided by [WIS.

2025STAT. § 302.38(1) merely establishes that the County has a duty to provide appropriate care to inmates, if necessary, and did not impose a ministerial duty on the County in this case, the 9 Clubb also cites Engelhardt v. City of New Berlin, 2019 WI 2, ¶¶59-60 , 385 Wis. 2d 86 , 921 N.W.2d 714 , for his proposition that “the mere existence of some discretion is not sufficient ‘to bring the actions under the blanket of immunity provided by [WIS.

12025–2025
Hempel v. City of Baraboo green
wis · 2005
1 sentence

2023More specifically, the Assembly seems to argue that, even if not unique to the requested records in this case, the general public interest in avoiding chilling effects on the filing of sexual harassment complaints was deserving of great weight in this case, citing Hempel, 284 Wis. 2d 162, ¶¶72-73 .

12023–2023
Parke v. Raley green
scotus · 1993
1 sentence

2022Baker predated the United States Supreme Court's direction that it is "appropriate to assign a proof burden to the defendant" in the collateral attack context.14 Parke, 506 U.S. at 31 .

12022–2022
State v. Skaff green
wisctapp · 1989
1 sentence

2019Skaff also rejected the State's argument that imposing a blanket rule denying the defendant access to the PSI report was harmless error because the trial court allowed trial counsel "to explain the PSI [report] to Skaff." See id. at 58 .

12019–2019
Kimps v. Hill green
wis · 1996
1 sentence

2019Alternatively, camp staff could have been stationed at the exit of each locker room to fit each new camper who had not yet taken a swim test, including Lily, with a life jacket. ¶59 In Cords, we specifically enumerated two different ways in which the park manager could have fulfilled the ministerial duty arising out of the circumstances of that particular case.62 That there were at least two possible ways for the park manager to fulfill his ministerial duty did not affect the resolution of the case. "[S]imply allowing for the exercise of discretion does not suffice to bring the actions under t

12019–2019
Foster v. Holbrook-Armstrong Iron Co. green
· 1914
1 sentence

2018Id. at 451 . ¶14 Tamareed interprets Foster to stand for a blanket rule that favors commissioned sales agents.

12018–2018
State v. Hart green
wisctapp · 2001
2 sentences

2017He specifically relies on our decision in State v. Hart, 2001 WI App 283, ¶¶ 17-18 , 249 Wis. 2d 329 , 639 N.W.2d 213 , overruled on other grounds by Sykes, 279 Wis. 2d 742, ¶ 33 , 1 holding that police transport alone is not a blanket exception to the requirement that reasonable suspicion support a decision to frisk for weapons.

2017He specifically relies on our decision in State v. Hart, 2001 WI App 283, ¶¶ 17-18 , 249 Wis. 2d 329 , 639 N.W.2d 213 , overruled on other grounds by Sykes, 279 Wis. 2d 742, ¶ 33 , 1 holding that police transport alone is not a blanket exception to the requirement that reasonable suspicion support a decision to frisk for weapons.

12017–2017
State v. Sykes green
wis · 2005
1 sentence

2017He specifically relies on our decision in State v. Hart, 2001 WI App 283, ¶¶ 17-18 , 249 Wis. 2d 329 , 639 N.W.2d 213 , overruled on other grounds by Sykes, 279 Wis. 2d 742, ¶ 33 , 1 holding that police transport alone is not a blanket exception to the requirement that reasonable suspicion support a decision to frisk for weapons.

12017–2017
Bahr v. State Investment Board green
wisctapp · 1994
2 sentences

2015The court of appeals subsequently clarified that Lindas did not set forth "a blanket rule that legislative consent for an agency to sue and be sued [could not] be considered a waiver of sovereign immunity." Bahr, 186 Wis. 2d at 392-93 .

2015Id. at 863. ¶38 The court of appeals subsequently clarified that Lindas did not set forth "a blanket rule that legislative consent for an agency to sue and be sued [could not] be considered a waiver of sovereign immunity." Bahr, 186 Wis. 2d at 392-93 .

12015–2015
LOCAL 2489, AFSCME, AFL-CIO v. Rock County green
wisctapp · 2004
2 sentences

2010As the court of appeals has explained, "[w]hen individuals become public employees, they necessarily give up certain privacy rights and are subject to a degree of public scrutiny." Local 2489, 277 Wis.2d 208, ¶ 26 , 689 N.W.2d 644 (citing Wis. Newspress, 199 Wis.2d at 786-87, 546 N.W.2d 143 ). ¶ 228 Accordingly, I conclude that the teachers have identified no public interest that will be served by the blanket exception from the Public Records Law they assert herein, given that the circuit court ordered the School District, prior to release, to redact from the emails any home addresses, telepho

2010As the court of appeals has explained, "[w]hen individuals become public employees, they necessarily give up certain privacy rights and are subject to a degree of public scrutiny." Local 2489, 277 Wis.2d 208, ¶ 26 , 689 N.W.2d 644 (citing Wis. Newspress, 199 Wis.2d at 786-87, 546 N.W.2d 143 ). ¶ 228 Accordingly, I conclude that the teachers have identified no public interest that will be served by the blanket exception from the Public Records Law they assert herein, given that the circuit court ordered the School District, prior to release, to redact from the emails any home addresses, telepho

12010–2010
Linzmeyer v. Forcey green
wis · 2002
12005–2005
Hempel v. City of Baraboo green
wisctapp · 2003
2 sentences

2005Hempel, 268 Wis. 2d 534 , ¶20 n.4.

2005Hempel, 268 Wis. 2d 534 , ¶ 20 n.4.

12005–2005
State v. Williamson green
wis · 1983
12004–2004
State v. Kelsey C.R. green
wis · 2001
12004–2004
State v. Jackson green
wis · 1989
12004–2004
State v. Allen green
wisctapp · 1999
12004–2004
Nab v. Nab green
idahoctapp · 1988
12003–2003
Wills v. Jones green
md · 1995
12003–2003
Leasure v. Leasure green
pa · 1988
12003–2003
Johnson v. O'NEILL green
minnctapp · 1990
12003–2003
Pierce v. Pierce green
michctapp · 1987
12003–2003
In Re Marriage of Barker green
iowa · 1999
12003–2003
State v. Bohling red
wis · 1993
12002–2002
State v. Griffith green
wis · 2000
12001–2001
State v. Meyer green
wis · 1998
12001–2001
Florida v. JL green
scotus · 2000
12001–2001
State v. Ward green
wis · 2000
12001–2001
McCleary v. State green
wis · 1971
12000–2000
State v. Ascencio green
wisctapp · 1979
12000–2000
State v. Kerr green
wis · 1994
11998–1998
Goffer v. West neutral
scotus · 1997
11997–1997
United States v. Mendenhall green
scotus · 1980
11996–1996
Law Offices of Pangman & Associates v. Stigler green
wisctapp · 1991
11996–1996
Michigan v. Asher green
scotus · 1995
11996–1996
State v. Howard green
wis · 1993
11996–1996
Lyons v. Premo Pharmaceutical Labs, Inc. green
njsuperctappdiv · 1979
11994–1994
Dairy Equipment Co. v. Department of Industry, Labor & Human Relations green
wis · 1980
11991–1991
Les Moise, Inc. v. Rossignol Ski Co., Inc. green
wisctapp · 1983
11985–1985

Statutes the citing opinions construe

WI § Wis. Stat. § 19.31 (7) WI § Wis. Stat. § 19.35 (7) WI § Wis. Stat. § 893.80 (7) WI § Wis. Stat. § 961.41 (7) WI § Wis. Stat. § 19.85 (6) WI § Wis. Stat. § 802.08 (6) WI § Wis. Stat. § 808.10 (5) WI § Wis. Stat. § 19.32 (4) WI § Wis. Stat. § 19.37 (4) WI § Wis. Stat. § 971.31 (4) WI § Wis. Stat. § 19.36 (3) WI § Wis. Stat. § 971.29 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 195 (1967–2026) TX 85 (1929–2026) IL 84 (1978–2026) PA 83 (1943–2025) NY 76 (1962–2026) OH 64 (1972–2026) WI 60 (1980–2026) FL 55 (1969–2024) WA 44 (1973–2021) LA 36 (1981–2024) MD 31 (1979–2022) MI 29 (1968–2026) UT 27 (1980–2025) MN 27 (1972–2025) NJ 26 (1983–2025) MA 25 (1993–2025) DC 24 (1977–2025) CT 24 (1966–2026) CO 23 (1986–2026) IN 22 (1974–2025) OR 21 (1920–2024) AL 21 (1921–2024) GA 19 (1990–2026) WV 19 (1992–2024) KS 19 (1928–2025) TN 18 (1997–2018) NM 18 (1992–2025) MO 14 (1992–2025) MS 13 (1983–2019) AZ 13 (1989–2025) NH 13 (1987–2022) WY 12 (1994–2023) ND 12 (1993–2021) VT 11 (1985–2022) NE 11 (1993–2025) DE 11 (1986–2026) IA 10 (1982–2019) VA 10 (1981–2015) ID 10 (1979–2019) NC 9 (1984–2020) AR 8 (1991–2013) ME 8 (1952–2019) MT 8 (1998–2025) KY 7 (1970–2014) HI 7 (2010–2021) SD 6 (1999–2015) NV 5 (1910–2021) AK 5 (1978–2017) RI 5 (1991–2010) SC 4 (1973–2025) VI 4 (2010–2026) OK 2 (2010–2014)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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