Restatement rule (Indiana) · Go Syfert
← Indiana issues

Restatement rule in Indiana

44 Indiana opinions name it 2 courts 1979–2019 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Indiana courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (28)

CaseFollowedCited
Jarboe v. Landmark Community Newspapers of Indiana, Inc.green
ind · 1994 · cited in 3 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1997–2003
2 sentences

1997To do so effectively, the employee must plead or assert the doctrine with particularity. 6 The employee must assert and demonstrate that the employer made a promise to the employee; that the employee relied on that promise to his detriment; and that the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel. 7 See Jarboe v. Landmark Community Newspapers of Indiana, Inc., 644 N.E.2d 118, 121 (Ind.l995)(adopting Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 90(1) (1981)). 8 In their opposition to Westminster’s transfer petition before this Court, plaintiffs do not rely on the public po

1997To do so effectively, the employee must plead or assert the doctrine with particularity. 6 The employee must assert and demonstrate that the employer made a promise to the employee; that the employee relied on that promise to his detriment; and that the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel. 7 See Jarboe v. Landmark Community Newspapers of Indiana, Inc., 644 N.E.2d 118, 121 (Ind.l995)(adopting Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 90(1) (1981)). 8 In their opposition to Westminster’s transfer petition before this Court, plaintiffs do not rely on the public po

33
Coca-Cola Co. v. Babyback's International, Inc.green
indctapp · 2004 · cited in 2 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2018–2019
2 sentences

2019See Coca-Cola Co. v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 806 N.E.2d 37, 49-52 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004), vacated on other grounds by Coca-Cola v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 841 N.E.2d 557, 560 (Ind. 2006) (outlining the five Restatement elements for tortious interference with a business relationship).

2019See Coca-Cola Co. v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 806 N.E.2d 37, 49-52 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004), vacated on other grounds by Coca-Cola v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 841 N.E.2d 557, 560 (Ind. 2006) (outlining the five Restatement elements for tortious interference with a business relationship).

22
Smith v. Diamondgreen
indctapp · 1981 · cited in 2 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1998–2000
2 sentences

2000Bailey v. Martz, 488 N.E.2d 716, 721 (Ind. Ct.App.1986) (citing Smith v. Diamond, 421 N.E.2d 1172, 1177-79 (Ind.Ct.App. 1981)), transfer denied. [3] In the age seven to fourteen category, Indiana applies the Restatement standard and ascertains whether the child exercised the care under the circumstances of a child of like age, knowledge, judgment, and experience.

2000Bailey v. Martz, 488 N.E.2d 716, 721 (Ind. Ct.App.1986) (citing Smith v. Diamond, 421 N.E.2d 1172, 1177-79 (Ind.Ct.App. 1981)), transfer denied. [3] In the age seven to fourteen category, Indiana applies the Restatement standard and ascertains whether the child exercised the care under the circumstances of a child of like age, knowledge, judgment, and experience.

22
Bailey v. Martzgreen
indctapp · 1986 · cited in 2 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1998–2000
2 sentences

2000Bailey v. Martz, 488 N.E.2d 716, 721 (Ind. Ct.App.1986) (citing Smith v. Diamond, 421 N.E.2d 1172, 1177-79 (Ind.Ct.App. 1981)), transfer denied. [3] In the age seven to fourteen category, Indiana applies the Restatement standard and ascertains whether the child exercised the care under the circumstances of a child of like age, knowledge, judgment, and experience.

2000Bailey v. Martz, 488 N.E.2d 716, 721 (Ind. Ct.App.1986) (citing Smith v. Diamond, 421 N.E.2d 1172, 1177-79 (Ind.Ct.App. 1981)), transfer denied. [3] In the age seven to fourteen category, Indiana applies the Restatement standard and ascertains whether the child exercised the care under the circumstances of a child of like age, knowledge, judgment, and experience.

22
Orr v. Westminster Village North, Inc.green
ind · 1997 · cited in 7 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2003–2019
2 sentences

2019To prevail under a theory of promissory estoppel, Miranda "must assert and demonstrate that the employer made a promise to the employee; that the employee relied on that promise to [her] detriment; and that the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel." Orr , 689 N.E.2d at 718 . [28] Miranda asserts that, in addition to the discipline procedures as set forth in the handbook, Miranda's "glowing review" that she received shortly before her suspension demonstrates that she met the standards of Defendants' employment.

2019To prevail under a theory of promissory estoppel, Miranda "must assert and demonstrate that the employer made a promise to the employee; that the employee relied on that promise to [her] detriment; and that the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel." Orr , 689 N.E.2d at 718 . [28] Miranda asserts that, in addition to the discipline procedures as set forth in the handbook, Miranda's "glowing review" that she received shortly before her suspension demonstrates that she met the standards of Defendants' employment.

17
Coca-Cola Co. v. Babyback's International, Inc.green
ind · 2006 · cited in 2 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2018–2019
2 sentences

2019See Coca-Cola Co. v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 806 N.E.2d 37, 49-52 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004), vacated on other grounds by Coca-Cola v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 841 N.E.2d 557, 560 (Ind. 2006) (outlining the five Restatement elements for tortious interference with a business relationship).

2019See Coca-Cola Co. v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 806 N.E.2d 37, 49-52 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004), vacated on other grounds by Coca-Cola v. Babyback’s Int’l, Inc., 841 N.E.2d 557, 560 (Ind. 2006) (outlining the five Restatement elements for tortious interference with a business relationship).

12
Creasy v. Ruskgreen
ind · 2000 · cited in 2 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2005–2009
2 sentences

2009We also noted that, "[iln the age seven to fourteen category, Indiana applies the Restatement standard and ascertains whether the child exercised the care under the cireumstances of a child of like age, knowledge, judgment, and experience." Creasy, 730 N.E.2d at 662 .

2009We also noted that, "[iln the age seven to fourteen category, Indiana applies the Restatement standard and ascertains whether the child exercised the care under the cireumstances of a child of like age, knowledge, judgment, and experience." Creasy, 730 N.E.2d at 662 .

12
Offshore Systems-Kenai v. State, Department of Transportation & Public Facilitiesgreen
alaska · 2012 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018See also Offshore Systems-Kenai v. State, Dep't of Transp. & Public Facilities , 282 P.3d 348 , 357 (Alaska 2012) (adding in dicta that Restatement applies only when easement is not fixed); Lewis , 92 N.Y.2d 443 , 682 N.Y.S.2d 657 , 705 N.E.2d 649 , 653-54 (applying draft version of § 4.8 to non-fixed easement); Stanga , 694 N.W.2d at 718-19 (applying § 4.8 because right-of-way easement was not described in deed and had changed course and form over time).

2018See also Offshore Systems-Kenai v. State, Dep't of Transp. & Public Facilities , 282 P.3d 348 , 357 (Alaska 2012) (adding in dicta that Restatement applies only when easement is not fixed); Lewis , 92 N.Y.2d 443 , 682 N.Y.S.2d 657 , 705 N.E.2d 649 , 653-54 (applying draft version of § 4.8 to non-fixed easement); Stanga , 694 N.W.2d at 718-19 (applying § 4.8 because right-of-way easement was not described in deed and had changed course and form over time).

11
Stanga v. Husmangreen
sd · 2005 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018See also Offshore Systems-Kenai v. State, Dep't of Transp. & Public Facilities , 282 P.3d 348 , 357 (Alaska 2012) (adding in dicta that Restatement applies only when easement is not fixed); Lewis , 92 N.Y.2d 443 , 682 N.Y.S.2d 657 , 705 N.E.2d 649 , 653-54 (applying draft version of § 4.8 to non-fixed easement); Stanga , 694 N.W.2d at 718-19 (applying § 4.8 because right-of-way easement was not described in deed and had changed course and form over time).

2018See also Offshore Systems-Kenai v. State, Dep't of Transp. & Public Facilities , 282 P.3d 348 , 357 (Alaska 2012) (adding in dicta that Restatement applies only when easement is not fixed); Lewis , 92 N.Y.2d 443 , 682 N.Y.S.2d 657 , 705 N.E.2d 649 , 653-54 (applying draft version of § 4.8 to non-fixed easement); Stanga , 694 N.W.2d at 718-19 (applying § 4.8 because right-of-way easement was not described in deed and had changed course and form over time).

11
Page Two, Inc. v. P.C. Management, Inc.green
indctapp · 1987 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See Page Two, 517 N.E.2d at 108 (finding the factors set forth in § 275 of the Restatement of Contracts reasonably supported the trial court’s determination that any breach of a covenant to maintain insurance upon the premises was not sufficiently material to justify termination of the lease), 2 reh’g denied.

2017See Page Two, 517 N.E.2d at 108 (finding the factors set forth in § 275 of the Restatement of Contracts reasonably supported the trial court’s determination that any breach of a covenant to maintain insurance upon the premises was not sufficiently material to justify termination of the lease), 2 reh’g denied.

11
Brian Yost v. Wabash College, Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity- Indiana Gamma Chapter at Wabash College, Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity, Inc., and Nathan Cravensgreen
ind · 2014 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See id. at 517 ; S. Shore Baseball, LLC v. DeJesus, 11 N.E.3d 903 , 910–11 (Ind. 2014) (citing Yost as adopting the Restatement’s test).

2017See id. at 517 ; S. Shore Baseball, LLC v. DeJesus, 11 N.E.3d 903, 910-11 (Ind. 2014) (citing Yost as adopting the Restatement’s test).

11
South Shore Baseball, LLC d/b/a Gary South Shore RailCats and Northwest Sports Venture, LLC v. Juanita DeJesusgreen
ind · 2014 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
2 sentences

2017See id. at 517 ; S. Shore Baseball, LLC v. DeJesus, 11 N.E.3d 903 , 910–11 (Ind. 2014) (citing Yost as adopting the Restatement’s test).

2017See id. at 517 ; S. Shore Baseball, LLC v. DeJesus, 11 N.E.3d 903, 910-11 (Ind. 2014) (citing Yost as adopting the Restatement’s test).

11
Lafayette v. Stategreen
ind · 2009 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
2 sentences

2015Our supreme court has recognized that an employee may invoke the doctrine of promissory estoppel by “pleading the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel.” Peru School Corp., 969 N.E.2d at 133 -34 (citing Baker v. Tremco, Inc., 917 N.E.2d 660, 654 (Ind.2009)).

2015Our supreme court has recognized that an employee may invoke the doctrine of promissory estoppel by “pleading the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel.” Peru School Corp., 969 N.E.2d at 133 -34 (citing Baker v. Tremco, Inc., 917 N.E.2d 660, 654 (Ind.2009)).

11
Frazier v. Mellowitzgreen
indctapp · 2004 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2013–2013
2 sentences

2013Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 241 (1981); see also Frazier v. Mellowitz, 804 N.E.2d 796, 804 (Ind.Ct.App.2004) (applying the Restatement factors). 13 Dan claims that, under the facts of the present case, these circumstances do not support a finding of a material breach.

2013Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 241 (1981); see also Frazier v. Mellowitz, 804 N.E.2d 796, 804 (Ind.Ct.App.2004) (applying the Restatement factors). 13 Dan claims that, under the facts of the present case, these circumstances do not support a finding of a material breach.

11
Hinkel v. Sataria Distribution & Packaging, Inc.green
indctapp · 2010 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2012–2012
2 sentences

2012Hinkel v. Sataria Distribution & Packaging, Inc., 920 N.E.2d 766, 771 (Ind. Ct. App. 2010) (internal citations omitted).

2012Hinkel v. Sataria Distribution & Packaging, Inc., 920 N.E.2d 766, 771 (Ind. Ct. App. 2010) (internal citations omitted).

11
Valinet v. Eskewgreen
ind · 1991 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
1 sentence

2010In Valinet v. Eskew, our supreme court adopted the Restatement (Second) of Torts section 363 (the "Restatement rule"), which states: (1) Except as stated in Subsection (2), neither a possessor of land, nor a vendor, lessor, or other transferor, is liable for physical harm caused to others outside of the land by a natural condition of the land. (2) A possessor of land in an urban area is subject to liability to persons using a public highway for physical harm resulting from his failure to exercise reasonable care to prevent an unreasonable risk of harm arising from the condition of trees on the

11
Barker v. Browngreen
pasuperct · 1975 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Mahurin v. Lockhartgreen
illappct · 1979 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Lewis v. Krusselgreen
washctapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Lewis v. Krussellgreen
washctapp · 2000 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Ivancic v. Olmsteadgreen
ny · 1985 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Houston v. Bank of America Federal Savings Bankgreen
nev · 2003 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005
11
Hale v. Kempgreen
ind · 1991 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11
Mortgage Consultants, Inc. v. Mahaneygreen
ind · 1995 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11
Creasy v. Ruskgreen
indctapp · 1998 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 2000–2000
11
McKellips v. Saint Francis Hospital, Inc.green
okla · 1987 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1999–1999
11
Detrick v. Midwest Pipe & Steel, Inc.green
indctapp · 1992 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1995–1995
11
Minuteman, Inc. v. Alexandergreen
wis · 1989 · cited in 1 Indiana opinions naming this issue, 1993–1993
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Indiana. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (26)

CaseCitedYears
Baker v. Tremco Inc. green
ind · 2009
2 sentences

2012Baker, 917 N.E.2d at 654 . 12 Third, our Supreme Court has recognized that an employee may invoke the doctrine of promissory estoppel by pleading the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel.

2012Baker, 917 N.E.2d at 654 . 12 Third, our Supreme Court has recognized that an employee may invoke the doctrine of promissory estoppel by pleading the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel.

42012–2012
Simon v. United States green
ind · 2004
2 sentences

2014Our supreme court explicitly rejected the Restatement test in Simon as "an unattractive path.” Simon, 805 N.E.2d at 804 .

2014Our supreme court explicitly rejected the Restatement test in Simon as "an unattractive path.” Simon, 805 N.E.2d at 804 .

22014–2014
St. James Village, Inc. v. Cunningham green
nev · 2009
2 sentences

2018The court continued: "Thus, when the easement at issue has a location certain, the Restatement rule is not applicable and the easement cannot be unilaterally relocated." Id.

2018The court continued: "Thus, when the easement at issue has a location certain, the Restatement rule is not applicable and the easement cannot be unilaterally relocated." Id.

12018–2018
Lewis v. Young green
ny · 1998
2 sentences

2018See also Offshore Systems-Kenai v. State, Dep't of Transp. & Public Facilities , 282 P.3d 348 , 357 (Alaska 2012) (adding in dicta that Restatement applies only when easement is not fixed); Lewis , 92 N.Y.2d 443 , 682 N.Y.S.2d 657 , 705 N.E.2d 649 , 653-54 (applying draft version of § 4.8 to non-fixed easement); Stanga , 694 N.W.2d at 718-19 (applying § 4.8 because right-of-way easement was not described in deed and had changed course and form over time).

2018See also Offshore Systems-Kenai v. State, Dep't of Transp. & Public Facilities , 282 P.3d 348 , 357 (Alaska 2012) (adding in dicta that Restatement applies only when easement is not fixed); Lewis , 92 N.Y.2d 443 , 682 N.Y.S.2d 657 , 705 N.E.2d 649 , 653-54 (applying draft version of § 4.8 to non-fixed easement); Stanga , 694 N.W.2d at 718-19 (applying § 4.8 because right-of-way easement was not described in deed and had changed course and form over time).

12018–2018
Daniel Harris v. Donald brewer, Donald Crockett, and Thomas Lamb, Orange County Commissioners as governing body of the Orange County Highway Dept. green
indctapp · 2015
2 sentences

2018Relying on the promissory estoppel doctrine, Neff must plead "the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel." Id. at 644 .

2018Relying on the promissory estoppel doctrine, Neff must plead "the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel." Id. at 644 .

12018–2018
Mining Investment Group, LLC v. Roberts green
arizctapp · 2008
1 sentence

2016Furthermore, it is not necessary to apply the common law Restatement factors where “the contract itself expressly provides for *161 the materiality of the breach at issue.” Roberts, 177 P.3d at 1211 .

12016–2016
Burrell v. Meads green
ind · 1991
1 sentence

2016A possessor of land is subject to liability for physical harm caused to his invitees by a condition on the land if, but only if, he (a) knows or by the exercise of reasonable care would discover the condition, and should realize that it involves an unreasonable risk of harm to such invitees, and (b) should expect that they will not discover or realize the danger, or will fail to protect themselves against it, and (c) fails to exercise reasonable care to protect them against the danger. 569 N.E.2d at 639 -640 (quoting Restatement (Second) of Torts § 343 (1965)). “‘A possessor of land is not lia

12016–2016
PERU SCHOOL CORP. v. Grant green
indctapp · 2012
2 sentences

2015Our supreme court has recognized that an employee may invoke the doctrine of promissory estoppel by “pleading the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel.” Peru School Corp., 969 N.E.2d at 133 -34 (citing Baker v. Tremco, Inc., 917 N.E.2d 660, 654 (Ind.2009)).

2015Our supreme court has recognized that an employee may invoke the doctrine of promissory estoppel by “pleading the doctrine with particularity, demonstrating that the employer made a promise to the employee, the employee relied on the promise to his detriment, and the promise otherwise fits within the Restatement test for promissory estoppel.” Peru School Corp., 969 N.E.2d at 133 -34 (citing Baker v. Tremco, Inc., 917 N.E.2d 660, 654 (Ind.2009)).

12015–2015
J.M. Corp. v. Roberson green
indctapp · 2001
2 sentences

2013Id. at 806 .

2013Id. at 806 .

12013–2013
Marshall v. Erie Insurance Exchange green
indctapp · 2010
2 sentences

2011Id. at 23 .

2011Id. at 23 .

12011–2011
Willis v. State green
ind · 2008
2 sentences

2011Willis, 888 N.E.2d at 182 (quoting Restatement (Second) of Torts, §§ 147(1), stating that “[a] parent is privileged to apply such reasonable force or to impose such reasonable confinement ”).

2011Willis, 888 N.E.2d at 182 (quoting Restatement (Second) of Torts, §§ 147(1), stating that “[a] parent is privileged to apply such reasonable force or to impose such reasonable confinement ”).

12011–2011
Cahoon v. Cummings green
ind · 2000
2 sentences

2011Specifically, the Cahoon court explained that in order to compute proportional damages, "statistical evidence is admissible to determine the `net reduced figure.'" Id.

2011Specifically, the Cahoon court explained that in order to compute proportional damages, “statistical evidence is admissible to determine the ‘net reduced figure.’ ” Id.

12011–2011
Coutee v. Lafayette Neighborhood Housing Services, Inc. green
indctapp · 2003
12010–2010
Dinwiddie v. Board of County Commissioners green
scotus · 1986
2 sentences

2010See, e.g., Lewis v. Krussel, 101 Wash.App. 178 , 2 P.3d 486, 491 (2000) ("a possessor or owner of urban or residential land who has actual or constructive knowledge of defective trees is under a duty to take corrective action for the protection of [a neighbor] on adjacent land"), rev. denied, 142 Wash. 2d 1023 , 11 P.3d 826 (Wash.2000); *24 Ivancic v. Olmstead, 66 NY.2d 349, 497 N.Y.S.2d 326 , 488 N.E.2d 72, 73 (N.Y.1985) ("mo liability attaches to a landowner whose tree falls outside of his premises and injures another unless there exists actual or constructive knowledge of the defective cond

2010See, e.g., Lewis v. Krussel, 101 Wash.App. 178 , 2 P.3d 486, 491 (2000) ("a possessor or owner of urban or residential land who has actual or constructive knowledge of defective trees is under a duty to take corrective action for the protection of [a neighbor] on adjacent land"), rev. denied, 142 Wash. 2d 1023 , 11 P.3d 826 (Wash.2000); *24 Ivancic v. Olmstead, 66 NY.2d 349, 497 N.Y.S.2d 326 , 488 N.E.2d 72, 73 (N.Y.1985) ("mo liability attaches to a landowner whose tree falls outside of his premises and injures another unless there exists actual or constructive knowledge of the defective cond

12010–2010
Gibbs v. King green
scotus · 1986
12010–2010
Minaya v. California green
scotus · 1986
2 sentences

2010See, e.g., Lewis v. Krussel, 101 Wash.App. 178 , 2 P.3d 486, 491 (2000) ("a possessor or owner of urban or residential land who has actual or constructive knowledge of defective trees is under a duty to take corrective action for the protection of [a neighbor] on adjacent land"), rev. denied, 142 Wash. 2d 1023 , 11 P.3d 826 (Wash.2000); *24 Ivancic v. Olmstead, 66 NY.2d 349, 497 N.Y.S.2d 326 , 488 N.E.2d 72, 73 (N.Y.1985) ("mo liability attaches to a landowner whose tree falls outside of his premises and injures another unless there exists actual or constructive knowledge of the defective cond

2010See, e.g., Lewis v. Krussel, 101 Wash.App. 178 , 2 P.3d 486, 491 (2000) ("a possessor or owner of urban or residential land who has actual or constructive knowledge of defective trees is under a duty to take corrective action for the protection of [a neighbor] on adjacent land"), rev. denied, 142 Wash. 2d 1023 , 11 P.3d 826 (Wash.2000); *24 Ivancic v. Olmstead, 66 NY.2d 349, 497 N.Y.S.2d 326 , 488 N.E.2d 72, 73 (N.Y.1985) ("mo liability attaches to a landowner whose tree falls outside of his premises and injures another unless there exists actual or constructive knowledge of the defective cond

12010–2010
Moberly v. Day green
ind · 2001
12002–2002
Wiese-GMC, Inc. v. Wells green
indctapp · 1993
12001–2001
Gould v. American Family Mutual Insurance green
wis · 1996
12000–2000
Heck v. Robey green
ind · 1995
12000–2000
United States v. Delora Huff Page, Individually and as Guardian Ad Litem of Stanley James Pageand Jenny Lynn Page, Minors green
ca10 · 1965
11999–1999
Optic Graphics, Inc. v. Agee green
mdctspecapp · 1991
11993–1993
Nalco Chemical Company v. Hydro Technologies, Incorporated, Daniel H. Girmscheid and Thomas S. Broge green
ca7 · 1993
11993–1993
Garbe v. Excel Mold, Inc. neutral
indctapp · 1979
11990–1990
Swanson v. Shroat green
indctapp · 1976
11979–1979
Wozniczka v. McKEAN green
indctapp · 1969
11979–1979

Where else courts name it

CA 103 (1909–2025) TX 86 (1927–2026) PA 68 (1901–2026) AZ 55 (1953–2026) NJ 53 (1957–2026) WA 49 (1943–2025) IL 47 (1946–2016) IN 44 (1979–2019) OR 40 (1960–2020) NY 39 (1900–2024) OH 33 (1950–2024) AL 32 (1911–2017) IA 32 (1972–2026) MI 31 (1891–2023) DE 30 (1945–2026) MO 29 (1889–2023) CT 26 (1982–2026) FL 25 (1968–2021) MN 23 (1954–2024) MD 23 (1960–2023) UT 20 (1983–2026) WI 19 (1931–2019) VT 19 (1991–2026) MA 18 (1975–2010) DC 17 (1987–2025) NM 17 (1916–2024) TN 16 (1952–2019) KS 16 (1972–2022) AK 14 (1975–2024) GA 13 (1923–2022) CO 13 (1986–2024) LA 12 (1964–2021) NE 11 (1930–2026) VA 11 (1932–2026) ME 11 (1955–2020) RI 11 (1956–2019) MT 10 (1955–2020) SD 10 (1970–2023) OK 10 (1965–2011) MS 9 (1966–2017) ND 9 (1976–2024) AR 9 (1907–2014) ID 7 (1983–2005) VI 7 (1980–2023) WV 7 (1956–2023) HI 6 (1945–2020) SC 5 (1968–2023) KY 5 (1919–2016) WY 5 (1981–1992) NV 5 (1983–2017) NC 4 (1969–1998) NH 3 (1992–2024)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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