Sixth Amendment violation (New York) · Go Syfert
← New York issues

Sixth Amendment violation in New York

44 New York opinions name it 7 courts 1972–2026 5 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by New York courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (23)

CaseFollowedCited
DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzergreen
nysupct · 2004 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
2 sentences

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

22
East River Realty Co. LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservationgreen
nysupct · 2008 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2024–2024
2 sentences

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

22
Chaidez v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 2013 · cited in 5 New York opinions naming this issue, 2013–2015
2 sentences

2013On February 20, 2013, the United States Supreme Court, in Chaidez v United States (568 US —, 133 S Ct 1103 [2013]), held that Padilla , decided on March 31, 2010, announced a new rule pursuant to the principle's set forth in Teague v Lane ( 489 US 288 [1989]), that the Sixth Amendment requires defense attorneys to inform noncitizen clients of the deportation risks of guilty pleas.

2013On February 20, 2013, the United States Supreme Court, in Chaidez v United States (568 US —, 133 S Ct 1103 [2013]), held that Padilla , decided on March 31, 2010, announced a new rule pursuant to the principle's set forth in Teague v Lane ( 489 US 288 [1989]), that the Sixth Amendment requires defense attorneys to inform noncitizen clients of the deportation risks of guilty pleas.

15
People v. Beneventogreen
ny · 1998 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 1999–2026
2 sentences

2026Upon the combined record, the motion court correctly rejected defendant's Sixth Amendment claim under McCoy v Louisiana ( 584 US 414 [2018]) and her claim of ineffective assistance of counsel ( see People v Benevento , 91 NY2d 708, 713-714 [1998]; Strickland v Washington , 466 US 668 [1984]).

1999(People v Benevento, 91 NY2d 708 [1998], supra.) All evidence pertaining to the claim of ineffective counsel must be weighed in context and as of the time of complete representation at the trial level for resolving Sixth Amendment violation claims.

12
Doggett v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1992 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2016–2018
2 sentences

2018Although "presumptive prejudice cannot alone carry a Sixth Amendment claim without regard to the other Barker criteria, ... it is part of the mix of relevant facts, and its importance increases with the length of delay" ( id. at 656 , 112 S.Ct. 2686 ).

2018Although "presumptive prejudice cannot alone carry a Sixth Amendment claim without regard to the other Barker criteria, ... it is part of the mix of relevant facts, and its importance increases with the length of delay" ( id. at 656 , 112 S.Ct. 2686 ).

12
Crawford v. Washingtongreen
scotus · 2004 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2011
2 sentences

2011Although decided in the context of a Sixth Amendment challenge to hearsay evidence that would be admissible under Washington State’s evidentiary rules, the reasoning of the Supreme Court in Crawford v Washington ( 541 US 36, 61-62 [2004]) provides a related basis for excluding the report cards and teacher comments in question.

2011Although decided in the context of a Sixth Amendment challenge to hearsay evidence that would be admissible under Washington State’s evidentiary rules, the reasoning of the Supreme Court in Crawford v Washington ( 541 US 36, 61-62 [2004]) provides a related basis for excluding the report cards and teacher comments in question.

12
Batson v. Kentuckygreen
scotus · 1986 · cited in 2 New York opinions naming this issue, 1988–2002
2 sentences

1988(Batson v Kentucky, supra, 476 US, at 84-85, n 4 .) Finally, the decision in Lockhart v McCree ( 476 US 162 [1986]) is sufficiently ambiguous not to undermine the Sixth Amendment analysis.

1988(Batson v Kentucky, supra, 476 US, at 84-85, n 4 .) Finally, the decision in Lockhart v McCree ( 476 US 162 [1986]) is sufficiently ambiguous not to undermine the Sixth Amendment analysis.

12
People v. Quilesgreen
nyappdiv · 2023 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
1 sentence

2026Contrary to defendant's contentions, her trial lawyer did not concede her guilt of harassment in the first degree and burglary in the second degree ( see People v Quiles , 217 AD3d 635, 635 [1st Dept 2023], lv denied 40 NY3d 1094 [2024]).

11
Erlinger v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 2024 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2026–2026
2 sentences

2026It stated that "[u]nder that exception, a judge may do no more, consistent with the Sixth Amendment, than determine what crime, with what elements, the defendant was convicted of" ( id. at 838).

2026It stated that "[u]nder that exception, a judge may do no more, consistent with the Sixth Amendment, than determine what crime, with what elements, the defendant was convicted of" ( id. at 838).

11
United States v. Nachtigalgreen
scotus · 1993 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018In other words, those cases do not stand for the proposition that federal penalties that flow{**32 NY3d at 505} from state convictions must be excluded from the Sixth Amendment analysis simply because they are imposed by a legislature other than the local one. [FN5] Moreover, while the Supreme Court has explained that courts need not look to how other states classify their crimes—as either petty or serious—when undertaking a Sixth Amendment analysis ( see Nachtigal , 507 US at 4 [observing that "the statutory penalties in other (s)tates are irrelevant to the question whether a particular legis

2018In other words, those cases do not stand for the proposition that federal penalties that flow{**32 NY3d at 505} from state convictions must be excluded from the Sixth Amendment analysis simply because they are imposed by a legislature other than the local one. [FN5] Moreover, while the Supreme Court has explained that courts need not look to how other states classify their crimes—as either petty or serious—when undertaking a Sixth Amendment analysis ( see Nachtigal , 507 US at 4 [observing that "the statutory penalties in other (s)tates are irrelevant to the question whether a particular legis

11
Martin v. Ohiogreen
scotus · 1987 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2018–2018
2 sentences

2018The distinction between penalties imposed by other states is drawn because "the question remains whether those [s]tates are in violation of the Constitution; and . . . that question is not answered by cataloging the practices of other [s]tates" ( Martin v Ohio , 480 US 228, 236 [1987], cited in Blanton , 489 US at 545 n 11).

2018The distinction between penalties imposed by other states is drawn because "the question remains whether those [s]tates are in violation of the Constitution; and . . . that question is not answered by cataloging the practices of other [s]tates" ( Martin v Ohio , 480 US 228, 236 [1987], cited in Blanton , 489 US at 545 n 11).

11
People v. Romeogreen
ny · 2009 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016Additionally, it is likely that the delay in bringing defendant's case to trial actually prejudiced his defense, since his incarceration would have made it "difficult for him to participate in his own defense, confer with counsel and contact witnesses" ( People v Romeo , 12 NY3d 51, 58 [2009], cert denied 585 US 817 [2009]).

2016Additionally, it is likely that the delay in bringing defendant's case to trial actually prejudiced his defense, since his incarceration would have made it "difficult for him to participate in his own defense, confer with counsel and contact witnesses" ( People v Romeo , 12 NY3d 51, 58 [2009], cert denied 585 US 817 [2009]).

11
People v. Browngreen
ny · 2009 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016The facts in the record of this case are essentially the same as those in People v Brown ( 13 NY3d 332, 335 [2009]) in which we rejected a similar Sixth Amendment challenge.

2016The facts in the record of this case are essentially the same as those in People v Brown ( 13 NY3d 332, 335 [2009]) in which we rejected a similar Sixth Amendment challenge.

11
Richardson v. Marshgreen
scotus · 1987 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016
2 sentences

2016If a statement “[i]s not incriminating on its face” but becomes “so only when linked with evidence introduced later at trial,” there is no Sixth Amendment violation, and Bruton does not apply (Richardson v Marsh, 481 US 200, 208 [1987]).

2016If a statement "[i]s not incriminating on its face" but becomes "so only when linked with evidence introduced later at trial," there is no Sixth Amendment violation, and Bruton does not apply (Richardson v Marsh, 481 US 200, 208 [1987]).

11
People v. Baretgreen
ny · 2014 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2015–2015
1 sentence

2015However, Padilla does not apply retroactively to persons whose convictions became final before Padilla was decided (see Chaidez v United States, 568 US —, 133 S Ct 1103 [2013]; People v Baret, 23 NY3d 777, 782 [2014]).

11
Wright v. Van Pattengreen
scotus · 2008 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
11
Cunningham v. Californiagreen
scotus · 2007 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2010–2010
2 sentences

2010In Blakely , the Court, citing Ring , stated emphatically, "[o]ur precedents make clear . . . that the `statutory maximum' for Apprendi purposes is the maximum sentence a judge may impose solely on the basis of the facts reflected in the jury verdict or admitted by the defendant " ( 542 US at 303 ), and in Cunningham it reiterated that "[i]f the jury's verdict alone does not authorize the sentence, if, instead, the judge must find an additional fact to impose the longer term, the Sixth Amendment requirement is not satisfied" ( 549 US at 290 [emphasis added]).

2010If the jury's verdict alone does not authorize the sentence, if, instead, the judge must find an additional fact to impose the longer term, the Sixth Amendment requirement is not satisfied. 542 U.S., at 305 , and n. 8" ( 549 US at 290 [emphasis added]).

11
People v. Agramontegreen
ny · 1996 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2008–2008
11
People v. Bonesgreen
nyappdiv · 2005 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2006–2006
11
Jones v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1999 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Fisher v. United Statesgreen
scotus · 1976 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2004–2004
11
Rosa Hair Stylists, Inc. v. Jaber Food Corp.green
nyappdiv · 1995 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
11
United States v. Lopezgreen
nyed · 1971 · cited in 1 New York opinions naming this issue, 1972–1972
11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in New York. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (56)

CaseCitedYears
Padilla v. Kentucky green
scotus · 2010
2 sentences

2015Likewise, in Padilla v Kentucky ( 559 US 356 [2010]), the Court, while struggling with how to classify deportation, strongly suggested that the direct/collateral framework was viable for analyzing a Sixth Amendment claim of ineffective assistance of counsel and that if a consequence of a criminal conviction is collateral it is removed from the ambit of the Sixth Amendment’s right to counsel.

2015Likewise, in Padilla v Kentucky ( 559 US 356 [2010]), the Court, while struggling with how to classify deportation, strongly suggested that the direct/collateral framework was viable for analyzing a Sixth Amendment claim of ineffective assistance of counsel and that if a consequence of a criminal conviction is collateral it is removed from the ambit of the Sixth Amendment’s right to counsel.

52013–2015
Strickland v. Washington green
scotus · 1984
2 sentences

2026Upon the combined record, the motion court correctly rejected defendant's Sixth Amendment claim under McCoy v Louisiana ( 584 US 414 [2018]) and her claim of ineffective assistance of counsel ( see People v Benevento , 91 NY2d 708, 713-714 [1998]; Strickland v Washington , 466 US 668 [1984]).

2002(See, Rosa Hair Stylists v Jaber Food Corp., 218 AD2d 793, 794 [2d Dept 1995].) As a threshold matter, the State contends because NYCLA does not intend to prove that any particular Family Court disposition or criminal conviction has been entered into in violation of an individual’s state or federal constitutional rights, its application for a mandatory preliminary injunction must be denied since there can be no Sixth Amendment violation in the absence of a conviction or adverse determination pursuant to the standard set forth in Strickland v Washington ( 466 US 668 [1984]), and therefore NYCLA

22002–2026
McCoy v. Louisiana green
scotus · 2018
2 sentences

2026Upon the combined record, the motion court correctly rejected defendant's Sixth Amendment claim under McCoy v Louisiana ( 584 US 414 [2018]) and her claim of ineffective assistance of counsel ( see People v Benevento , 91 NY2d 708, 713-714 [1998]; Strickland v Washington , 466 US 668 [1984]).

2023The record supports the motion court's findings ( 74 Misc 3d 953 [Sup Ct, Bronx County 2022]), in which it rejected defendant's Sixth Amendment claim under McCoy v Louisiana ( 584 US __ , 138 S Ct 1500 [2018]) and his claim of ineffective assistance of counsel.

22023–2026
East River Realty Co. v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation green
nyappdiv · 2009
2 sentences

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

22024–2024
DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer green
ny · 2006
2 sentences

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

22024–2024
DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer green
nyappdiv · 2005
2 sentences

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

2024In any event, while the decisions of a court of coordinate jurisdiction are entitled to respectful consideration, they are not binding. [ East River Realty Co., LLC v. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation , 22 Misc 3d 404, 413 (Sup. Ct. 2008), aff'd 68 AD3d 564 (1st Dept. 2009); Matter of DaimlerChrysler Corp. v. Spitzer , 6 Misc 3d 228, 236 (Sup. Ct. 2004), aff'd 26 AD3d 88 (3d Dept. 2005), aff'd 7 NY3d 653 (2006)].

22024–2024
Teague v. Lane green
scotus · 1989
2 sentences

2013On February 20, 2013, the United States Supreme Court, in Chaidez v United States (568 US —, 133 S Ct 1103 [2013]), held that Padilla , decided on March 31, 2010, announced a new rule pursuant to the principle's set forth in Teague v Lane ( 489 US 288 [1989]), that the Sixth Amendment requires defense attorneys to inform noncitizen clients of the deportation risks of guilty pleas.

2013On February 20, 2013, the United States Supreme Court, in Chaidez v United States (568 US —, 133 S Ct 1103 [2013]), held that Padilla , decided on March 31, 2010, announced a new rule pursuant to the principle's set forth in Teague v Lane ( 489 US 288 [1989]), that the Sixth Amendment requires defense attorneys to inform noncitizen clients of the deportation risks of guilty pleas.

22013–2013
Duren v. Missouri green
scotus · 1979
2 sentences

1982The test to determine whether a Sixth Amendment claim that a petit jury was not “drawn from a source fairly representative of the community” (Taylor v Louisiana, 419 US 522, 538 , supra) is found in Duren v Missouri ( 439 US 357, 364 , supra).

1982The test to determine whether a Sixth Amendment claim that a petit jury was not “drawn from a source fairly representative of the community” (Taylor v Louisiana, 419 US 522, 538 , supra) is found in Duren v Missouri ( 439 US 357, 364 , supra).

21982–2002
Taylor v. Louisiana green
scotus · 1975
2 sentences

1982The test to determine whether a Sixth Amendment claim that a petit jury was not “drawn from a source fairly representative of the community” (Taylor v Louisiana, 419 US 522, 538 , supra) is found in Duren v Missouri ( 439 US 357, 364 , supra).

1982The test to determine whether a Sixth Amendment claim that a petit jury was not “drawn from a source fairly representative of the community” (Taylor v Louisiana, 419 US 522, 538 , supra) is found in Duren v Missouri ( 439 US 357, 364 , supra).

21982–2002
Blanton v. City of North Las Vegas green
scotus · 1989
2 sentences

2018In other words, those cases do not stand for the proposition that federal penalties that flow{**32 NY3d at 505} from state convictions must be excluded from the Sixth Amendment analysis simply because they are imposed by a legislature other than the local one. [FN5] Moreover, while the Supreme Court has explained that courts need not look to how other states classify their crimes—as either petty or serious—when undertaking a Sixth Amendment analysis ( see Nachtigal , 507 US at 4 [observing that "the statutory penalties in other (s)tates are irrelevant to the question whether a particular legis

2018In other words, those cases do not stand for the proposition that federal penalties that flow{**32 NY3d at 505} from state convictions must be excluded from the Sixth Amendment analysis simply because they are imposed by a legislature other than the local one. [FN5] Moreover, while the Supreme Court has explained that courts need not look to how other states classify their crimes—as either petty or serious—when undertaking a Sixth Amendment analysis ( see Nachtigal , 507 US at 4 [observing that "the statutory penalties in other (s)tates are irrelevant to the question whether a particular legis

12018–2018
People v. Suazo green
ny · 2018
2 sentences

2018In other words, those cases do not stand for the proposition that federal penalties that flow{**32 NY3d at 505} from state convictions must be excluded from the Sixth Amendment analysis simply because they are imposed by a legislature other than the local one. [FN5] Moreover, while the Supreme Court has explained that courts need not look to how other states classify their crimes—as either petty or serious—when undertaking a Sixth Amendment analysis ( see Nachtigal , 507 US at 4 [observing that "the statutory penalties in other (s)tates are irrelevant to the question whether a particular legis

2018In other words, those cases do not stand for the proposition that federal penalties that flow{**32 NY3d at 505} from state convictions must be excluded from the Sixth Amendment analysis simply because they are imposed by a legislature other than the local one. [FN5] Moreover, while the Supreme Court has explained that courts need not look to how other states classify their crimes—as either petty or serious—when undertaking a Sixth Amendment analysis ( see Nachtigal , 507 US at 4 [observing that "the statutory penalties in other (s)tates are irrelevant to the question whether a particular legis

12018–2018
Barker v. Wingo green
scotus · 1972
2 sentences

2018Although "presumptive prejudice cannot alone carry a Sixth Amendment claim without regard to the other Barker criteria, ... it is part of the mix of relevant facts, and its importance increases with the length of delay" ( id. at 656 , 112 S.Ct. 2686 ).

2018Although "presumptive prejudice cannot alone carry a Sixth Amendment claim without regard to the other Barker criteria, ... it is part of the mix of relevant facts, and its importance increases with the length of delay" ( id. at 656 , 112 S.Ct. 2686 ).

12018–2018
People v. Taranovich green
ny · 1975
2 sentences

2018Similarly, in Taranovich we refused to "depart from the now traditional view in this court that where [under] the circumstances delay is great enough there need be neither proof nor fact of prejudice to the defendant" ( Taranovich , 37 N.Y.2d at 447 , 373 N.Y.S.2d 79 , 335 N.E.2d 303 ).

2018Similarly, in Taranovich we refused to "depart from the now traditional view in this court that where [under] the circumstances delay is great enough there need be neither proof nor fact of prejudice to the defendant" ( Taranovich , 37 N.Y.2d at 447 , 373 N.Y.S.2d 79 , 335 N.E.2d 303 ).

12018–2018
Bullcoming v. New Mexico green
scotus · 2011
1 sentence

2016It further observed that “the comparative reliability of an analyst’s testimonial report drawn from machine-produced data does not overcome the Sixth Amendment bar” ( 564 US at 661 ).

12016–2016
Blakely v. Washington green
scotus · 2004
12010–2010
United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez green
scotus · 2006
12007–2007
Marino v. New York green
scotus · 2006
12006–2006
People v. Bliss green
ny · 2005
12006–2006
People v. Jung green
ny · 2005
12006–2006
People v. Ryan green
nyappdiv · 2005
12006–2006
People v. Ha green
nyappdiv · 2005
12006–2006
People v. Maldonado green
nyappdiv · 2005
12006–2006
Morgenthau v. Erlbaum green
ny · 1983
12005–2005
White v. Illinois green
scotus · 1992
12004–2004
Apprendi v. New Jersey green
scotus · 2000
12004–2004
Schmerber v. California green
scotus · 1966
12004–2004
Ring v. Arizona green
scotus · 2002
12004–2004
People v. Middleton green
ny · 1981
12003–2003
Maine v. Moulton green
scotus · 1985
12003–2003
People v. Mealer green
ny · 1982
12003–2003
People v. Flores green
ny · 1994
11999–1999
United States v. Gouveia green
scotus · 1984
11997–1997
People v. Carpenito green
ny · 1992
11997–1997
People v. Curatolo green
nyappdiv · 1980
11995–1995
Massiah v. United States green
scotus · 1964
11995–1995
People v. Pobliner green
ny · 1973
11995–1995
In re Jahron S. green
nyappdiv · 1991
11994–1994
Davis v. Alaska green
scotus · 1974
11994–1994
People v. Gissendanner green
ny · 1979
11994–1994
Washington v. Texas green
scotus · 1967
11992–1992

Statutes the citing opinions construe

NY § N.Y. Penal Law § 125.25 (4) NY § N.Y. Civil Rights Law § 12 (3) NY § N.Y. Penal Law § 110.00 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

CA 476 (1968–2026) TX 433 (1980–2026) OH 199 (1977–2026) WA 155 (1975–2026) PA 149 (1971–2026) MI 147 (1976–2025) GA 138 (1979–2026) TN 131 (1981–2026) IL 115 (1975–2026) IN 108 (1978–2026) AZ 99 (1971–2026) DC 98 (1978–2026) FL 89 (1982–2026) IA 76 (1980–2025) NJ 71 (1977–2025) MD 65 (1971–2026) NC 65 (1980–2025) DE 64 (1976–2026) OR 61 (1974–2026) AL 59 (1981–2024) CO 51 (1981–2025) WI 51 (1980–2025) VA 51 (1983–2026) CT 49 (1982–2026) MA 46 (1974–2025) MO 46 (1973–2025) KS 45 (1990–2026) NY 44 (1972–2026) MS 44 (1982–2020) LA 38 (1983–2025) MN 36 (1984–2026) NM 36 (1982–2025) UT 36 (1983–2026) OK 29 (1977–2022) ID 29 (1979–2026) KY 24 (1972–2026) ME 22 (1973–2023) MT 20 (1975–2026) WV 18 (1981–2024) RI 18 (1979–2018) NE 18 (1982–2022) SD 15 (1969–2026) HI 15 (1981–2024) NV 14 (1982–2023) AR 13 (1988–2026) WY 13 (1983–2025) SC 12 (1975–2019) AK 10 (1979–2024) ND 10 (2003–2021) VT 10 (1979–2024) VI 7 (2002–2026) GU 4 (1978–2025) NH 2 (1991–2012)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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