generally accepted principle (Maine) · Go Syfert
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generally accepted principle in Maine

15 Maine opinions name it 2 courts 1927–2017 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Maine courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (14)

CaseFollowedCited
Barrett v. McDonald Investments, Inc.green
me · 2005 · cited in 3 Maine opinions naming this issue, 2015–2017
2 sentences

2015See Barrett v. McDonald Investments, Inc., 2005 ME 43 , ~17, 870 A.2d 146, 150 , citing 11 SAMUEL WILLISTON & RICHARD A. LORD, A TREATISE ON THE LAW OF CONTRACTS§ 32:12 at 471-72 (4th ed. 1999) ("Since the language is presumptively within the control ofthe party drafting the agreement, it is a generally accepted principle that any ambiguity in that language will be interpreted against the drafter."). 8.

2015See Barrett v. McDonald Investments, Inc., 2005 ME 43 , ~17, 870 A.2d 146, 150 , citing 11 SAMUEL WILLISTON & RICHARD A. LORD, A TREATISE ON THE LAW OF CONTRACTS§ 32:12 at 471-72 (4th ed. 1999) ("Since the language is presumptively within the control ofthe party drafting the agreement, it is a generally accepted principle that any ambiguity in that language will be interpreted against the drafter."). 8.

13
Stewart v. Inhabitants of Town of Durhamgreen
me · 1982 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 2017–2017
1 sentence

2017Stewart v. Durham, 451 A.2d 308,310 (Me. 1982).

11
Weeks v. Krysagreen
me · 2008 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶ 29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Bant

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶ 29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Bant

11
Brackett v. Persons unknowngreen
· 1861 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014
2 sentences

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶ 29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Bant

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Banto

11
In Re Maine Clean Fuels, Inc.green
me · 1973 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 2002–2002
1 sentence

2002See In re Maine Clean Fuels, Inc., 310 A.2d 736, 744 (Me. 1973) (“It is a generally accepted principle of administrative law that administrative agencies, at least in the absence of specific legislative direction, should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure.”).

11
Commonwealth v. Imesgreen
pasuperct · 1993 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998App. 376 , 838 P.2d 640, 641 (1992) (theft by deception statute requires that the deceptive act have induced or caused the victims to transfer property to defendant); Commonwealth v. Imes, 424 Pa.Super. 633 , 623 A.2d 859, 862 (1993) (statute requires that state establish reliance by victim upon defendant’s false impression); State v. Casey, 81 Wash.App. 524 , 915 P.2d 587, 589 (1996) (evolution of crime of larceny by false pretenses into theft by deception did not change its essential elements and did not eliminate element of reliance). 8 .

1998App. 376 , 838 P.2d 640, 641 (1992) (theft by deception statute requires that the deceptive act have induced or caused the victims to transfer property to defendant); Commonwealth v. Imes, 424 Pa.Super. 633 , 623 A.2d 859, 862 (1993) (statute requires that state establish reliance by victim upon defendant’s false impression); State v. Casey, 81 Wash.App. 524 , 915 P.2d 587, 589 (1996) (evolution of crime of larceny by false pretenses into theft by deception did not change its essential elements and did not eliminate element of reliance). 8 .

11
State v. Saylorgreen
kan · 1980 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998See, e.g., King v. State, 214 Ga.App. 311 , 447 S.E.2d 645, 648 (1994) (statute requires that defendant's deceptive act or false representation have induced victim to part with his properly); State v. Saylor, 228 Kan. 498 , 618 P.2d 1166, 1168 (1980) (noting that the generally accepted rule throughout the United States is that the crime of theft by deception requires the state to prove that "the victim was actually deceived and relied in whole or in part upon the false representation”); State v. Worden, 115 Or.

1998See, e.g., King v. State, 214 Ga.App. 311 , 447 S.E.2d 645, 648 (1994) (statute requires that defendant's deceptive act or false representation have induced victim to part with his properly); State v. Saylor, 228 Kan. 498 , 618 P.2d 1166, 1168 (1980) (noting that the generally accepted rule throughout the United States is that the crime of theft by deception requires the state to prove that "the victim was actually deceived and relied in whole or in part upon the false representation”); State v. Worden, 115 Or.

11
State v. Wordengreen
orctapp · 1992 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998See, e.g., King v. State, 214 Ga.App. 311 , 447 S.E.2d 645, 648 (1994) (statute requires that defendant's deceptive act or false representation have induced victim to part with his properly); State v. Saylor, 228 Kan. 498 , 618 P.2d 1166, 1168 (1980) (noting that the generally accepted rule throughout the United States is that the crime of theft by deception requires the state to prove that "the victim was actually deceived and relied in whole or in part upon the false representation”); State v. Worden, 115 Or.

1998App. 376 , 838 P.2d 640, 641 (1992) (theft by deception statute requires that the deceptive act have induced or caused the victims to transfer property to defendant); Commonwealth v. Imes, 424 Pa.Super. 633 , 623 A.2d 859, 862 (1993) (statute requires that state establish reliance by victim upon defendant’s false impression); State v. Casey, 81 Wash.App. 524 , 915 P.2d 587, 589 (1996) (evolution of crime of larceny by false pretenses into theft by deception did not change its essential elements and did not eliminate element of reliance). 8 .

11
State v. Caseygreen
washctapp · 1996 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998App. 376 , 838 P.2d 640, 641 (1992) (theft by deception statute requires that the deceptive act have induced or caused the victims to transfer property to defendant); Commonwealth v. Imes, 424 Pa.Super. 633 , 623 A.2d 859, 862 (1993) (statute requires that state establish reliance by victim upon defendant’s false impression); State v. Casey, 81 Wash.App. 524 , 915 P.2d 587, 589 (1996) (evolution of crime of larceny by false pretenses into theft by deception did not change its essential elements and did not eliminate element of reliance). 8 .

1998App. 376 , 838 P.2d 640, 641 (1992) (theft by deception statute requires that the deceptive act have induced or caused the victims to transfer property to defendant); Commonwealth v. Imes, 424 Pa.Super. 633 , 623 A.2d 859, 862 (1993) (statute requires that state establish reliance by victim upon defendant’s false impression); State v. Casey, 81 Wash.App. 524 , 915 P.2d 587, 589 (1996) (evolution of crime of larceny by false pretenses into theft by deception did not change its essential elements and did not eliminate element of reliance). 8 .

11
King v. Stategreen
gactapp · 1994 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1998–1998
2 sentences

1998See, e.g., King v. State, 214 Ga.App. 311 , 447 S.E.2d 645, 648 (1994) (statute requires that defendant's deceptive act or false representation have induced victim to part with his properly); State v. Saylor, 228 Kan. 498 , 618 P.2d 1166, 1168 (1980) (noting that the generally accepted rule throughout the United States is that the crime of theft by deception requires the state to prove that "the victim was actually deceived and relied in whole or in part upon the false representation”); State v. Worden, 115 Or.

1998See, e.g., King v. State, 214 Ga.App. 311 , 447 S.E.2d 645, 648 (1994) (statute requires that defendant's deceptive act or false representation have induced victim to part with his properly); State v. Saylor, 228 Kan. 498 , 618 P.2d 1166, 1168 (1980) (noting that the generally accepted rule throughout the United States is that the crime of theft by deception requires the state to prove that "the victim was actually deceived and relied in whole or in part upon the false representation”); State v. Worden, 115 Or.

11
John A. Breda v. Alan M. Scott Galton, Popick & Scottgreen
ca9 · 1993 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
1 sentence

1997See Breda v. Scott, 1 F.3d 908 (9th Cir.1993); Montplaisir v. Leighton, 875 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.1989); see generally Atkinson v. Sinclair Refining Co., 370 U.S. 238, 247-49 , 82 S.Ct. 1318, 1324-25 , 8 L.Ed.2d 462 (1962) (immunity generally for union agents). 2 .

11
Atkinson v. Sinclair Refining Co.green
scotus · 1962 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1997–1997
2 sentences

1997See Breda v. Scott, 1 F.3d 908 (9th Cir.1993); Montplaisir v. Leighton, 875 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.1989); see generally Atkinson v. Sinclair Refining Co., 370 U.S. 238, 247-49 , 82 S.Ct. 1318, 1324-25 , 8 L.Ed.2d 462 (1962) (immunity generally for union agents). 2 .

1997See Breda v. Scott, 1 F.3d 908 (9th Cir.1993); Montplaisir v. Leighton, 875 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.1989); see generally Atkinson v. Sinclair Refining Co., 370 U.S. 238, 247-49 , 82 S.Ct. 1318, 1324-25 , 8 L.Ed.2d 462 (1962) (immunity generally for union agents). 2 .

11
In Re Shelton Collegegreen
njsuperctappdiv · 1970 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1973–1973
2 sentences

1973It is a generally accepted principle of administrative law that administrative agencies, at least in the absence of “specific legislative direction,” Laba v. Newark Board of Education, 23 N.J. 364 , 129 A.2d 273 (1957), “should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure.” Federal Comm’n v. Broadcasting Co., 309 U.S. 134, 143 , 60 S.Ct. 437, 441 , 84 L.Ed. 656 (1940); In Re Shelton College, 109 N.J.Super. 488 , 263 A.2d 810, 812 (1970).

1973It is a generally accepted principle of administrative law that administrative agencies, at least in the absence of “specific legislative direction,” Laba v. Newark Board of Education, 23 N.J. 364 , 129 A.2d 273 (1957), “should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure.” Federal Comm’n v. Broadcasting Co., 309 U.S. 134, 143 , 60 S.Ct. 437, 441 , 84 L.Ed. 656 (1940); In Re Shelton College, 109 N.J.Super. 488 , 263 A.2d 810, 812 (1970).

11
In Re Disciplinary Proceedings Against 17 Club, Inc.green
njsuperctappdiv · 1953 · cited in 1 Maine opinions naming this issue, 1973–1973
2 sentences

1973Within the bounds of “fair play,” administrative agencies have the power, either impliedly, In Re 17 Club, 26 N.J.Super. 43 , 97 A.2d 171, 173 (1953), or, as in the present case, statutorily conferred, Pub.L.1969, ch. 571, § 2, to adopt rules of practice and procedure relative to the conduct of agency proceedings.

1973Within the bounds of “fair play,” administrative agencies have the power, either impliedly, In Re 17 Club, 26 N.J.Super. 43 , 97 A.2d 171, 173 (1953), or, as in the present case, statutorily conferred, Pub.L.1969, ch. 571, § 2, to adopt rules of practice and procedure relative to the conduct of agency proceedings.

11

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

CaseNegativeCited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Maine. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (15)

CaseCitedYears
Banton v. Herrick neutral
me · 1906
2 sentences

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶ 29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Bant

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶ 29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Bant

12014–2014
Campbell v. Whitehouse neutral
me · 1923
2 sentences

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶ 29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Bant

2014Weeks v. Krysa, 2008 ME 120, ¶¶ 12, 21 , 955 A.2d 234 (holding that evidence of occasional, seasonal use of an undeveloped lot was insufficient to support an adverse possession claim). [¶ 29] Relying on the doctrine of constructive adverse possession, however, the Court holds that a person can obtain equitable title to an entire parcel if the parcel is described in the person’s deed and the person has occupied “a portion of that parcel in a manner sufficient to establish title by adverse possession.” Court’s Opinion ¶ 7 (citing Campbell v. Whitehouse, 122 Me. 409, 417 , 120 A. 529 (1923); Bant

12014–2014
Monk v. Morton green
me · 1943
2 sentences

2005This rule has long been applied in Maine, for the reasons summarized in Monk v. Morton, 139 Me. 291 , 30 A.2d 17 (1943): The rule that an ambiguous contract will be construed more strongly against him who uses the words concerning which doubt arises, is more than an arbitrary rule.

2005This rule has long been applied in Maine, for the reasons summarized in Monk v. Morton, 139 Me. 291 , 30 A.2d 17 (1943): The rule that an ambiguous contract will be construed more strongly against him who uses the words concerning which doubt arises, is more than an arbitrary rule.

12005–2005
Collins v. Trius, Inc. green
me · 1995
1 sentence

2002Collins, 663 A.2d at 573 .

12002–2002
Paul E. Montplaisir v. Richard J. Leighton green
ca1 · 1989
1 sentence

1997See Breda v. Scott, 1 F.3d 908 (9th Cir.1993); Montplaisir v. Leighton, 875 F.2d 1 (1st Cir.1989); see generally Atkinson v. Sinclair Refining Co., 370 U.S. 238, 247-49 , 82 S.Ct. 1318, 1324-25 , 8 L.Ed.2d 462 (1962) (immunity generally for union agents). 2 .

11997–1997
Tufts v. Grewer green
· 1891
1 sentence

1976Bonney v. Blaisdell, 1909, 105 Me. 121 , 73 A. 811 ; Tufts v. Grewer, 1891, 83 Me. 407 , 22 A. 382 . *721 The Code is declaratory of the former Maine law in this respect.

11976–1976
Bremner v. Inhabitants of Newcastle green
me · 1891
1 sentence

1976Bonney v. Blaisdell, 1909, 105 Me. 121 , 73 A. 811 ; Tufts v. Grewer, 1891, 83 Me. 407 , 22 A. 382 . *721 The Code is declaratory of the former Maine law in this respect.

11976–1976
Bonney v. Blaisdell neutral
· 1909
2 sentences

1976Bonney v. Blaisdell, 1909, 105 Me. 121 , 73 A. 811 ; Tufts v. Grewer, 1891, 83 Me. 407 , 22 A. 382 . *721 The Code is declaratory of the former Maine law in this respect.

1976Bonney v. Blaisdell, 1909, 105 Me. 121 , 73 A. 811 ; Tufts v. Grewer, 1891, 83 Me. 407 , 22 A. 382 . *721 The Code is declaratory of the former Maine law in this respect.

11976–1976
Federal Communications Commission v. Pottsville Broadcasting Co. green
scotus · 1940
2 sentences

1973It is a generally accepted principle of administrative law that administrative agencies, at least in the absence of “specific legislative direction,” Laba v. Newark Board of Education, 23 N.J. 364 , 129 A.2d 273 (1957), “should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure.” Federal Comm’n v. Broadcasting Co., 309 U.S. 134, 143 , 60 S.Ct. 437, 441 , 84 L.Ed. 656 (1940); In Re Shelton College, 109 N.J.Super. 488 , 263 A.2d 810, 812 (1970).

1973It is a generally accepted principle of administrative law that administrative agencies, at least in the absence of “specific legislative direction,” Laba v. Newark Board of Education, 23 N.J. 364 , 129 A.2d 273 (1957), “should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure.” Federal Comm’n v. Broadcasting Co., 309 U.S. 134, 143 , 60 S.Ct. 437, 441 , 84 L.Ed. 656 (1940); In Re Shelton College, 109 N.J.Super. 488 , 263 A.2d 810, 812 (1970).

11973–1973
Laba v. Newark Board of Education green
nj · 1957
2 sentences

1973It is a generally accepted principle of administrative law that administrative agencies, at least in the absence of “specific legislative direction,” Laba v. Newark Board of Education, 23 N.J. 364 , 129 A.2d 273 (1957), “should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure.” Federal Comm’n v. Broadcasting Co., 309 U.S. 134, 143 , 60 S.Ct. 437, 441 , 84 L.Ed. 656 (1940); In Re Shelton College, 109 N.J.Super. 488 , 263 A.2d 810, 812 (1970).

1973It is a generally accepted principle of administrative law that administrative agencies, at least in the absence of “specific legislative direction,” Laba v. Newark Board of Education, 23 N.J. 364 , 129 A.2d 273 (1957), “should be free to fashion their own rules of procedure.” Federal Comm’n v. Broadcasting Co., 309 U.S. 134, 143 , 60 S.Ct. 437, 441 , 84 L.Ed. 656 (1940); In Re Shelton College, 109 N.J.Super. 488 , 263 A.2d 810, 812 (1970).

11973–1973
Handy v. Rice green
· 1904
2 sentences

1973Handy v. Rice, 98 Me. 504 , 57 A. 847 (1904); Dunham v. Hogan, 143 Me. 142 , 56 A.2d 550 (1948); 49 Am.Jur.

1973Handy v. Rice, 98 Me. 504 , 57 A. 847 (1904); Dunham v. Hogan, 143 Me. 142 , 56 A.2d 550 (1948); 49 Am.Jur.

11973–1973
Dunham v. Hogan green
me · 1948
2 sentences

1973Handy v. Rice, 98 Me. 504 , 57 A. 847 (1904); Dunham v. Hogan, 143 Me. 142 , 56 A.2d 550 (1948); 49 Am.Jur.

1973Handy v. Rice, 98 Me. 504 , 57 A. 847 (1904); Dunham v. Hogan, 143 Me. 142 , 56 A.2d 550 (1948); 49 Am.Jur.

11973–1973
Rusk v. Thompson neutral
· 1913
1 sentence

1941R., 65, wherein the two decisions from other jurisdictions cited in defendant’s brief, Rush v. Thompson, 170 Mo. App., page 76, 156 S. W., 64 , and Smith v. State Board, 140 Iowa, 66 , 117 N. W., 1116 , were referred to for support: “Notice and opportunity for hearing are of the essence of due process of law.” It may be that the particular statement of the point in the exception ignores the generally accepted requirement of notice in recognition of the fact that the statute requires a particular form of notice ten days prior to the filing of the lien certificate and that the statutory form of

11941–1941
Smith v. State Board of Medical Examiners green
iowa · 1908
2 sentences

1941R., 65, wherein the two decisions from other jurisdictions cited in defendant’s brief, Rush v. Thompson, 170 Mo. App., page 76, 156 S. W., 64 , and Smith v. State Board, 140 Iowa, 66 , 117 N. W., 1116 , were referred to for support: “Notice and opportunity for hearing are of the essence of due process of law.” It may be that the particular statement of the point in the exception ignores the generally accepted requirement of notice in recognition of the fact that the statute requires a particular form of notice ten days prior to the filing of the lien certificate and that the statutory form of

1941R., 65, wherein the two decisions from other jurisdictions cited in defendant’s brief, Rush v. Thompson, 170 Mo. App., page 76, 156 S. W., 64 , and Smith v. State Board, 140 Iowa, 66 , 117 N. W., 1116 , were referred to for support: “Notice and opportunity for hearing are of the essence of due process of law.” It may be that the particular statement of the point in the exception ignores the generally accepted requirement of notice in recognition of the fact that the statute requires a particular form of notice ten days prior to the filing of the lien certificate and that the statutory form of

11941–1941
Roberts' Case green
me · 1924
1 sentence

1927In Roberts’ Case, 124 Maine 129 , it was held as a generally accepted rule that injuries received by an employee in going to and from his work on a public street or in a public conveyance are not received in the course of his employment unless his means of conveyance is furnished by the employer.

11927–1927

Where else courts name it

CA 142 (1909–2026) NY 113 (1889–2022) TX 88 (1907–2025) IL 83 (1897–2026) FL 83 (1905–2026) MO 77 (1882–2024) MD 68 (1915–2021) AL 59 (1896–2009) OH 58 (1905–2026) NJ 54 (1934–2026) LA 53 (1904–2018) MI 50 (1904–2025) NC 49 (1906–2024) KY 45 (1907–2018) CT 38 (1910–2019) OK 36 (1916–2017) PA 34 (1891–2024) CO 33 (1913–2025) VA 32 (1907–2009) OR 32 (1897–2018) TN 31 (1895–2024) WA 31 (1897–2016) WI 30 (1898–2026) KS 28 (1871–2022) IN 26 (1888–2014) AZ 26 (1903–2024) NE 25 (1899–2026) MA 24 (1891–2025) MS 24 (1954–2014) IA 22 (1932–2026) WY 22 (1903–2026) AR 22 (1900–2026) HI 20 (1920–2020) ID 19 (1934–2023) GA 17 (1897–2015) MN 17 (1890–2013) VT 17 (1905–2024) WV 16 (1909–2009) NM 16 (1925–2021) ME 15 (1927–2017) RI 15 (1904–2021) SD 14 (1916–2017) MT 14 (1914–2017) DC 14 (1952–2016) ND 11 (1914–1985) UT 11 (1880–2020) NV 10 (1919–2020) SC 9 (1895–2022) DE 9 (1960–1996) AK 7 (1970–2000) PR 6 (1937–1969) VI 5 (1982–2025) NH 3 (1975–2012)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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