estoppel doctrine in West Virginia

27 West Virginia opinions name it 1 courts 1888–2020 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by West Virginia courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (4)

Case	Followed	Cited
Epix v. MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIESgreen njsuperctappdiv · 2009 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2020–2020 1 sentence 2020Super. 453, 463 , 982 A.2d 1194, 1200 (App. Div. 2009) (“The estoppel inquiry . . . usually involves an analysis of the connection between the claim, the arbitration agreement and the parties.”).	1	1
Salloum Foods & Liquor, Inc. v. Parliament Insurancegreen illappct · 1979 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2016–2016 2 sentences 2016The result is that “the terms ‘waiveri and ‘estoppel’ have often been used without careful distinction, and thereby abused and confused.” Salloum Foods & Liquor, Inc., 26 Ill.Dec. 399 , 388 N.E.2d at 27 . 2016The result is that “the terms ‘waiveri and ‘estoppel’ have often been used without careful distinction, and thereby abused and confused.” Salloum Foods & Liquor, Inc., 26 Ill.Dec. 399 , 388 N.E.2d at 27 .	1	1
In the Matter of Thomas v. Cassidy, Debtor-Appellantgreen ca7 · 1990 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005 1 sentence 2005First, it is generally recognized that “a court, even an appellate court, may raise [judicial] estoppel on its own motion in an appropriate *504 case.” Matter of Cassidy, 892 F.2d 637, 641 (7th Cir.1990).	1	1
Roberts v. ALCOA, INC.green indctapp · 2004 · cited in 1 West Virginia opinions naming this issue, 2005–2005 1 sentence 2005Courts have recognized that “[t]here are several estoppel doctrines, including equitable estoppel, judicial estoppel, promissory estoppel, estoppel by record, estoppel by deed, and collateral estoppel.” Roberts v. ALCOA, Inc., 811 N.E.2d 466, 475 (Ind.App.2004).	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in West Virginia. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (38)

Case	Cited	Years
Humble Oil & Refining Company v. Lane green wva · 1969 2 sentences 1994The Court in Humble stated "it is well established that the equitable doctrine of estoppel may, in a proper 263 case, be applied to prevent a fraudulent or inequitable resort to the statute of limitations.” 152 W.Va. at 582 , 165 S.E.2d at 382 . 6 . 1994The Court in Humble stated "it is well established that the equitable doctrine of estoppel may, in a proper 263 case, be applied to prevent a fraudulent or inequitable resort to the statute of limitations.” 152 W.Va. at 582 , 165 S.E.2d at 382 . 6 .	2	1988–1994
Preston v. Mann green conn · 1856 1 sentence 2020As with 11 The doctrine of equitable estoppel, as stated by Lord Denman, in Pickard v. Sears, 6 Adolph. & El. 469, has been generally adopted in both English and American courts, as follows: “Where one by his words or conduct willfully causes another to believe the existence of a certain state of things, and induces him to act on that belief, so as to alter his own previous position, the former is concluded from averring against the latter a different state of things as existing at the same time.” Preston v. Mann, 25 Conn. 118, 128 .	1	2020–2020
Everett v. Brown green wva · 1984 1 sentence 2017Va. 35 , 321 S.E.2d 685 (1984).6 In response to respondent’s motion for summary judgment below, petitioner stated that respondent asserted three arguments in favor of dismissal, with the third being that petitioner “has failed to present evidence on his Breach of Contract and Estoppel claims.” Although section E of that response addresses the breach of contract claim, petitioner failed to include argument, citation to legal authority, or analysis to address the estoppel claim.	1	2017–2017
State v. Evans green wva · 1998 2 sentences 2011The Court, in Evans , ultimately held that "[a] conviction derived from a plea of nolo contendere may be used for purposes of this state's recidivist sentencing laws." Evans, 203 W.Va. at 447 , 508 S.E.2d at 607 , Syl. 2011The Court, in Evans , ultimately held that "[a] conviction derived from a plea of nolo contendere may be used for purposes of this state's recidivist sentencing laws." Evans, 203 W.Va. at 447 , 508 S.E.2d at 607 , Syl.	1	2011–2011
Ara v. Erie Insurance green wva · 1989 2 sentences 2002Co., 182 W.Va. 266 , 387 S.E.2d 320 (1989). 2002Co., 182 W.Va. 266 , 387 S.E.2d 320 (1989).	1	2002–2002
Stuart v. Lake Washington Realty Corporation green wva · 1956 1 sentence 1994Indeed, if ever a case existed to which the doctrine of estoppel should be applied, this is it. 10 This Court articulated the elements of equitable estoppel in syllabus point 6 of Stuart v. Lake Washington Realty Corp., 141 W.Va. 627 , 92 S.E.2d 891 (1956): The general rule governing the doctrine of equitable estoppel is that in order to constitute equitable estoppel or estoppel in pais there must exist a false representation or a concealment of material facts; it must have been made with knowledge, actual or constructive of the facts; the party to whom it was made must have been without knowl	1	1994–1994
Stuart v. Lake Washington Realty Corp. green wva · 1956 1 sentence 1994Indeed, if ever a case existed to which the doctrine of estoppel should be applied, this is it. 10 This Court articulated the elements of equitable estoppel in syllabus point 6 of Stuart v. Lake Washington Realty Corp., 141 W.Va. 627 , 92 S.E.2d 891 (1956): The general rule governing the doctrine of equitable estoppel is that in order to constitute equitable estoppel or estoppel in pais there must exist a false representation or a concealment of material facts; it must have been made with knowledge, actual or constructive of the facts; the party to whom it was made must have been without knowl	1	1994–1994
Werner v. Hopkins neutral wva · 1936 2 sentences 1981It is well settled in this State that “ ‘[a]n estoppel cannot be based upon an uncertain state of facts.’ Point 2 Syllabus, Werner v. Hopkins, 117 W.Va. 727 , 188 S.E. 128 .” Syl. pt. 5, Wallace v. St. 1981It is well settled in this State that “ ‘[a]n estoppel cannot be based upon an uncertain state of facts.’ Point 2 Syllabus, Werner v. Hopkins, 117 W.Va. 727 , 188 S.E. 128 .” Syl. pt. 5, Wallace v. St.	1	1981–1981
Justice v. Commonwealth green va · 1885 1 sentence 1966In Seymour v. Commonwealth, 133 Va. 775 , 112 S. E. 806 , the Virginia Court, quoting with approval from Justice v. Commonwealth, 81 Va. 209 , said: “But the doctrine of estoppel, strictly speaking, is not applicable to the commonwealth in a criminal prosecution.	1	1966–1966
Seymour v. Commonwealth green va · 1922 2 sentences 1966In Seymour v. Commonwealth, 133 Va. 775 , 112 S. E. 806 , the Virginia Court, quoting with approval from Justice v. Commonwealth, 81 Va. 209 , said: “But the doctrine of estoppel, strictly speaking, is not applicable to the commonwealth in a criminal prosecution. 1966In Seymour v. Commonwealth, 133 Va. 775 , 112 S. E. 806 , the Virginia Court, quoting with approval from Justice v. Commonwealth, 81 Va. 209 , said: “But the doctrine of estoppel, strictly speaking, is not applicable to the commonwealth in a criminal prosecution.	1	1966–1966
Spradling v. Spradling green wva · 1937 2 sentences 1962For this reason, courts have been slow and careful in their application of the doctrine of estoppel.” Spradling v. Spradling, 118 W. 1962Va. 308, 312 , 190 S. E. 537, 540 .	1	1962–1962
Clonch v. Tabit neutral wva · 1940 1 sentence 1946Va. 674 , 12 S. E. 2d 521 , this Court seems to have applied the doctrine of estoppel, in effect holding that the nunc pro tunc order there involved had no effect, but since the conduct of opposing counsel had brought about the delay beyond the statutory time, he was precluded from raising the question in this Court.	1	1946–1946
Laidley v. Land Co. neutral wva · 1887 1 sentence 1938Laidley v. Land Co., 30 W.	1	1938–1938
Isenberg v. Rainier neutral nyappterm · 1911 1 sentence 1937Thomas v. Holmes, 142 Iowa 288 , 120 N. W. 636 ; Warrior Coal & Coke Co. v. National Bank, Ala. Sup., 53 So. 997 ; Isenberg v. Rainier, 70 Misc. 498 , 127 N. Y.	1	1937–1937
Russell v. Bell neutral ala · 1910 1 sentence 1937Thomas v. Holmes, 142 Iowa 288 , 120 N. W. 636 ; Warrior Coal & Coke Co. v. National Bank, Ala. Sup., 53 So. 997 ; Isenberg v. Rainier, 70 Misc. 498 , 127 N. Y.	1	1937–1937
Fors v. Thoman neutral mich · 1934 2 sentences 1937Fors v. Thoman, 267 Mich. 148 , 255 N. W. 297 ; Garey v. Mining Co., supra; Woodbine Sav. 1937Fors v. Thoman, 267 Mich. 148 , 255 N. W. 297 ; Garey v. Mining Co., supra; Woodbine Sav.	1	1937–1937
Thomas v. Holmes neutral iowa · 1909 2 sentences 1937Thomas v. Holmes, 142 Iowa 288 , 120 N. W. 636 ; Warrior Coal & Coke Co. v. National Bank, Ala. Sup., 53 So. 997 ; Isenberg v. Rainier, 70 Misc. 498 , 127 N. Y. 1937Thomas v. Holmes, 142 Iowa 288 , 120 N. W. 636 ; Warrior Coal & Coke Co. v. National Bank, Ala. Sup., 53 So. 997 ; Isenberg v. Rainier, 70 Misc. 498 , 127 N. Y.	1	1937–1937
Water Co. v. Browning neutral wva · 1903 2 sentences 1937Pocahontas Light & Water Company v. Browning, 53 W. 1937Va. 436, 442 , 44 S. E. 267 ; Mullins v. Shrewsbury, supra. Care should be used by us before we invoke the doctrine of estoppel, to the extent of preventing Mrs. Spradling from asserting her rights as to the lot in question.	1	1937–1937
Atkinson v. Plum green wva · 1901 1 sentence 1936Atkinson v. Plum, 50 W.	1	1936–1936
Weaver v. Pridgen neutral · 1919 1 sentence 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss *294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry.	1	1932–1932
Williams v. City of Alma green gactapp · 1923	1	1932–1932
Bliss v. Spencer green ohioctapp · 1919 1 sentence 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss *294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry.	1	1932–1932
Canada v. C. H. Beasley & Bros. green va · 1922 2 sentences 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry. 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry.	1	1932–1932
Arwood v. Hill's Administrator green va · 1923	1	1932–1932
Alexander v. Commonwealth green va · 1923 2 sentences 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry. 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry.	1	1932–1932
Fitchett v. Parsons green va · 1925 2 sentences 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry. 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry.	1	1932–1932
Title Guarantee Trust & Savings Bank v. Clifton Forge National Bank neutral va · 1927 2 sentences 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry. 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry.	1	1932–1932
Nagle v. Syer green va · 1928 2 sentences 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry. 1932The doctrine is supported by later decisions of that eminent court in Bliss 294 v. Spencer, 125 Va. 36 , 99 S. E. 59 3 Canada v. Beasley, 132 Va. 166 , 111 S. E. 251 ; Arwood v. Hill, 135 Va. 235 , 117 S. E. 603 ; Alexander v. Comm., 137 Va. 477 , 120 S. E. 296 ; Fitchett v. Parsons, 142 Va. 163 , 128 S. E. 457 ; Bank v. Bank, 149 Va. 168 , 140 S. E. 272 ; Nagle v. Syer, 150 Va. 508 , 143 S. E. 690 ; and Byrd v. Ry.	1	1932–1932
Koontz v. Mylius neutral wva · 1916	1	1916–1916
Heavener v. Godfrey neutral wva · 1869	1	1906–1906
Kneeland v. Gilman neutral wis · 1869	1	1905–1905
McCullough v. Dashiell green · 1884	1	1899–1899
Cook v. Pridgen, Stapler & Dunn green ga · 1872	1	1897–1897
Beatty v. Gregory green pa · 1864	1	1897–1897
Stone v. Tyree neutral wva · 1888	1	1895–1895
Sherman v. . Elder green ny · 1862	1	1893–1893
Bodine v. . Killeen neutral ny · 1873	1	1893–1893
Bradley v. Ballard green ill · 1870	1	1888–1888

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Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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